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P Aspelin

Publications and source records attributed to P Aspelin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Contrast enhancement of the upper abdomen evaluated by CT. A comparison between iohexol 350 mg I/ml and iopamidol 370 mg I/ml.

The non-ionic monomeric contrast media iopamidol and iohexol were compared concerning enhancement in the organs of the upper abdomen in CT. The average peak enhancement above the base line for the 2 contrast media in the liver, vena cava, aorta and spleen was calculated. No difference between the contrast media was found with regard to increase in contrast enhancement. No correlation between the peak enhancement and body weight and body surface was found with either of the 2 contrast media.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

CT of carcinoma of the renal pelvis.

CT in 28 histologically proven carcinomas of the renal pelvis (pTa-2, n = 12; pT3-4, n = 16) in 26 patients was evaluated retrospectively. Twenty-four of 28 tumors could be identified at CT, 17/28 at urography, and 12/14 at retrograde pyelography. Nineteen tumors appeared as a discrete intrapelvic mass with an attenuation close to that of the kidney on noncontrast scans. There was slight to moderate enhancement of the tumors following i.v. contrast medium injection but they appeared hypodense relative to the renal parenchyma. Five tumors caused only a diffuse obliteration of the renal sinus. Criteria to define peripelvic tumor growth are proposed, i.e. tumors obliterating fat planes or abutting of renal parenchyma should not be regarded as signs of extrapelvic extension, while inhomogeneous attenuation of peripelvic fat and renal parenchyma (in the absence of other explanation) should, or if the tumor mass is seen interdigitizing with surrounding structures. Thickening of Gerota's fascia or septa in the perirenal space are unspecific findings. With CT we were able to differentiate tumors confined to the renal pelvic wall from those with more advanced disease including metastases in 22 of 26 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Preoperative localization in unilateral parathyroid surgery. A cost-benefit study on ultrasound, computed tomography and scintigraphy.

In 50 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, investigation before initial neck exploration included ultrasonography, computed tomography and 99technetium-201thallium subtraction scintigraphy. The sensitivity for correct preoperative localization was 50%, 54% and 56%, respectively. There was marked inter-observer variation in assessment of ultrasonography and computed tomography, while scintigrams were evaluated by only one person. The scintigraphic sensitivity increased with size of the glands. In cases where correct preoperative localization permitted unilateral parathyroidectomy, the time for surgery and anesthesia was significantly reduced. A cost-benefit analysis, however, revealed that the financial saving from this time reduction was outweighed by the cost of the localization procedures. The authors conclude that investigations for definition of enlarged parathyroid glands are not indicated prior to unilateral parathyroidectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasound screening of the abdominal aorta in patients with intermittent claudication.

The presence of abdominal aortic dilatations and aneurysms (AAA) among 372 patients (302 men and 70 women) who originally presented with intermittent claudication was studied. The cohort was analysed in two ways, first retrospectively from the date of diagnosis of intermittent claudication until 1st of August 1985 (mean follow-up time being 70 months), second those alive at that date and who had not been operated on were offered ultrasound screening of their aorta. Retrospectively nine male patients were found to have had an operation for an aneurysm, one because of a rupture. Of the 110 patients who died and had not had surgery, 88 (73 men, 15 women) were autopsied and AAA was found at autopsy in six males and one female. Two males died of rupture. Ultrasonographic screening of the abdominal aorta was performed in 183 patients (147 men and 36 women) and dilatation was found in 25 patients (24 men, 1 woman). In the male part of the total material (n = 257) there were 39 patients (15%) with aneurysm or dilatation. Male patients with AAA or dilated aortas were significantly heavier, with a lower ankle arm index and higher serum cholesterol values than patients without AAA or aortic dilatation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma.

Sonographic examination of the gallbladder (GB) was performed in 21.646 patients. A histopathologically documented gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) was present in 59 patients (0.27%). Five different sonographic patterns were revealed with differences in number of associated findings, echo pattern and correct preoperative diagnosis. The sonographic diagnosis was correct in 59% and retrospective diagnosis in 65%. Most of the sonographically detectable GBC were inoperable (90%). 15 fine-needle biopsies were positive in 100% and reduced the number of explorative laparotomies. The survival rate was 3 days to 4 years after the first sonographic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Early diagnosis and classification in acute pancreatitis. A comparison of clinical outcome with findings at computed tomography and Ranson's prognostic signs.

The clinical outcome in 52 consecutive episodes of suspected acute pancreatitis was compared with Ranson's prognostic signs and findings on noncontrast and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans performed within 24 h of patient admission. The predictive value of CT scan for diagnosis was 95% for positive results and 53% for negative results. In providing an accurate prognosis of a single attack, scoring of extrapancreatic signs was as good as that of Ranson's prognostic signs. CT with contrast medium revealed pancreatic ischaemia in 3 cases of 4 with clinically severe disease. The risk of developing severe pancreatitis was 23% in first attacks and 6% in relapses. Early CT scan is recommended in most patients with suspected pancreatitis to confirm diagnosis and to predict the severity of an attack.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Renal masses.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1988

Do nonionic contrast media increase red cell aggregation and clot formation?

Red cell aggregate formation was studied both macroscopically and microscopically in blood mixed with a contrast medium, either ioxaglate or iohexol. Whole blood was layered on top of the contrast medium, and after being shaken, blood cells were separated from the medium by centrifugation. The kinetics of red cell aggregate formation were measured by a transparent rheoscope and a photoaggregometer at different shear rates. Coagulation studies were conducted on citrated platelet-rich plasma mixed with contrast media. Platelet shapes were observed with phase contrast optics, and coagulation times were measured. It was demonstrated that the increased red cell aggregation, which occurred during the initial contact between blood and the contrast medium, dispersed after being submitted to shear force and did not re-form in the remaining plasma. Since this phenomenon is associated with high concentrations of contrast media in nonflowing blood, the high shear rate in arteries and arterioles make it unimportant in the in vivo situation. Within highly concentrated contrast media solutions, blood clot formation was not inducible, and the risk of thrombus formation in fresh blood drawn into contrast medium-filled syringes appears minimal.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1988

Needle-tract seeding after percutaneous fine-needle biopsy of pancreatic carcinoma. Case report.

Needle-tract seeding is a rare complication following percutaneous fine-needle biopsy of intra-abdominal tumours and only a few cases have been reported. Two cases of cutaneous implantation of a tumour in the needle-tract after biopsy of pancreatic carcinomas are presented. In experimental studies, seeding of malignant cells in the needle-tracts is common and the discrepancy between experimental and clinical findings is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Effect of four non-ionic contrast media on red blood cells in vitro. I. Morphology.

The influence of four non-ionic contrast media on red blood cell morphology was analyzed. The newly synthesized monomeric iopentol and the dimeric iodixanol were compared with the monomeric iopamidol and iohexol in both hypertonic and isotonic solutions at constant hematocrit of 10%. All contrast media solutions induced morphologic changes of the red blood cells and with differences between the different solutions. In isotonic solutions and with increasing concentration of contrast medium, echinocytes were produced in increasing frequency. In isotonic solution and with a high concentration of contrast medium, iopamidol, iopentol and iohexol produced 50% echinocytes and 50% stomatocytes while iodixanol produced 90-100% stomatocytes. In original solution the hypertonic iopamidol, iopentol and iohexol solutions induced desiccocyte deformation, while the nearly isotonic iodixanol still produced stomatocytes. In all the 90% volume ratio solutions (contrast medium/blood) rouleaux formation was inhibited regardless of type of red blood cell.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1987

Effect of four non-ionic contrast media on red blood cells in vitro. II. Aggregation.

The newly synthesized non-ionic monomeric iopentol and dimeric iodixanol were compared with the non-ionic monomers iopamidol and iohexol in both original hypertonic and isotonic solutions at a constant hematocrit of 35%. All contrast media at all volume ratios (contrast medium/blood) decreased red blood cell aggregation with no difference between the various contrast media. The degree of disaggregation of red blood cells increased with increasing concentration of contrast medium in solution. At the lowest volume ratio (2%) red blood cell aggregation was near that of normal blood. At the volume ratio 50% the disaggregatory effects following both isotonic and hypertonic solutions were pronounced. At a high molar concentration both the isotonic iodixanol and the hypertonic solutions of iohexol, iopentol and iopamidol induced an almost total inhibition of red blood cell aggregation. This indicates that the concentration of contrast medium (chemotoxic effect) for non-ionic contrast media is more important for the disaggregatory effect than the osmolality.

Contrast Media↗