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P B Kozłowski

Publications and source records attributed to P B Kozłowski.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The white matter changes in microencephalic HIV infected infants. A preliminary report.

The brains of six infants 14-34 months of age and with microencephaly (brain weight deficit 20-55.5%) were chosen from a group of cases vertically infected with HIV. The center of our investigations was focused on the white matter changes of which two types were observed in the examined brains. Within the periventricular white matter of four cases evident lesions consisting of myelin pallor and concomitant gliosis were recognized as HIV-1 infection related leukoencephalopathy. In all those cases myelination delay was also noted. In one case HIV encephalitis was diagnosed. Our observations suggest that in the majority of HIV infected infants changes resulting in the brain "too small for age" corelate with myelination delay coexisting with early-onset leukoencephalopathy. Because of the small number of cases in this study the results should be considered preliminary, and will require further investigations.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1994

The insular claustrum in the methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) treated rats shows two different populations of neurons.

Methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) is a substance that inhibits migration of neurons in the embryonic brain. After intraperitoneal injection of two different doses of MAM to pregnant rats, microcephaly with or without complete development of the cerebral cortex was observed in every litter. High MAM doses (30 mg/kg) resulted in the lack of superficial layers (II-IV) of the cerebral cortex when the deep layers (V, VI) were seen. The claustrum was present but composed of loosely packed, medium-size, triangular or fusiform neurons with anarchic oriented long axes. After administration of low MAM doses (14 mg/kg) two different parts (medial and lateral) of the insular claustrum were observed. Our results suggest that neurons of the insular claustrum create two different subpopulations of cells, which were similar to that observed in primitive insectivore (e.g., hedgehog), but fuse in development.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Sequelae of perinatal central nervous system damage after long-term survival.

We presented the case of a 78-year-old man with mental retardation and spastic paraparesis diagnosed early in life as cerebral palsy. Six years prior to demise he had post-traumatic subdural hematoma, which was removed surgically. The neuropathological examination revealed the sequelae of the recent trauma, superimposed on the extensive old lesions. Cavitary changes in the periventricular white matter and cortical ulegyria in the border zones of the major cerebral arteries vascularization were characteristic of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions. Peculiar in the ulegyria were extensive areas with numerous corpora amylacea adjacent to the areas of fibrillar and cellular gliosis. Another sequelae of involution processes was the atrophy of brain hemispheres (secondary microcephaly). The case appears to be an example of the late degenerative involution changes developing on the background of lesions originated from the perinatal period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Central nervous system changes in infants with HIV infection. Epidemiology and neurology].

The increase of HIV infected population reaching worldwide 10 million of cases leads to a great number of infected women in reproductive age. Finally the perinatally acquired HIV infection has become a great problem. The number of infants with AIDS is estimated at about 160,000. The diagnosis and evaluation of significant clinical symptoms of HIV infection in infants are briefly described in this study. The nervous system being one of targets of HIV infection the neurological manifestation occurring in infants were more extensively discussed. Microencephaly or brain atrophy and psycho-motor developmental delay resulting in progressive or static encephalopathy syndromes were presented.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nervous system changes in infants with HIV virus. Neuropathological picture].

The neuropathologic examination of symptomatic perinatal HIV infection was performed using a large group of cases from New York Medical Centers. Macroscopic evaluation demonstrated many cases with microencephaly and others with brain atrophy. Microscopically in a part of them, as far as in others without microencephaly/atrophy changes corresponding to HIV encephalitis were found, including multinucleated giant cells, microglial nodules and perivascular infiltrations. In other brains in which inflammatory changes were minimal, myelin lesions were also observed and the picture corresponded to the diagnosis of encephalopathy. In addition lesions of cortico-spinal tracts, mineralization within the basal ganglia and changes of vascular walls with secondary parenchymal lesions were found. Opportunistic infections and neoplastic changes were rare. The review demonstrated the picture of neuropathological changes in pediatric cases that died of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗