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Biomedical subjects

P Baptiste

Publications and source records attributed to P Baptiste.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Human monocytes produce IL-1 and an inhibitor of IL-1 in response to two different signals.

Recently, IL-1 inhibitors from urine, monocytes, or monocyte lines have been described. The relationship of these inhibitors to the production, release, and immunological effects of IL-1 is unclear. The present studies were initiated to describe and quantitate the production of IL-1 and a 23 to 45-kDa IL-1 inhibitor from human monocytes in response to certain stimuli using a mouse thymocyte system responsive to IL-1. Zymosan stimulated monocytes to produce IL-1 but not IL-1 inhibitor. Adherent immune complexes, human IgG1-4, and Fc fragments, but not F(ab')2, stimulated monocyte production of IL-1 inhibitor and little if any IL-1. Fibronectin and three of its fragments had neither effect. These observations suggest that monocytes produce IL-1 or IL-1 inhibitor in response to two different signals, through "endotoxin or beta-glucan" and Fc receptors, respectively. The inhibitor decreases IL-1-induced CD-1, C3H/HeJ, and D10 G4.1 cells but not IL-2-induced CD-1, C3H/HeJ, or CTLL-2 proliferation. The inhibitor competitively blocked binding of radiolabeled rIL-1 to the IL-1 receptor on murine thymoma cells. Preincubation of thymocytes with the inhibitor prevented IL-1-induced proliferation; however, this effect was reversed by washing thymocytes and inhibitor activity was markedly reduced when added 24 hr after stimulation with IL-1. These observations suggest that the inhibitor acts on IL-1 receptors to prevent thymocyte proliferation. Monocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus produced less IL-1 inhibitor than cells from normal volunteers. The decrease in IL-1 inhibitor production may play a role in disease states.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The effect of antirheumatic drugs on interleukin 1 (IL-1) activity and IL-1 and IL-1 inhibitor production by human monocytes.

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is an important mediator of immune regulation, inflammation and joint destruction in arthritis. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of a number of representative antirheumatic agents on the activity of IL-1 and the production of both IL-1 and IL-1 inhibitor by human monocytes. IL-1 activity and production were measured by its effect on the proliferation of murine thymocytes; IL-1 inhibitor production was assayed by inhibition of IL-1 mediated thymocyte proliferation. Dexamethasone (10-100 nM) inhibited IL-1 production and IL-1 mediated thymocyte proliferation. High concentrations of indomethacin, aspirin, and 12 other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) inhibited IL-1 activity, or production or both. Methotrexate inhibited IL-1 activity without affecting IL-1 production. D-penicillamine inhibited IL-1 activity and tended to inhibit IL-1 production. Gold compounds inhibited IL-1 activity, but only auranofin inhibited IL-1 production. Acetaminophen in high concentrations (1 mg/ml) inhibited IL-1 activity and production. Colchicine inhibited IL-1 activity but not IL-1 production. No drug tested induced, by itself, the production of IL-1 inhibitor or enhanced the production of IL-1 inhibitor.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1986

[Gastroesophageal 99mTc scintigraphy in gastroesophageal reflux].

The aim of this study was to compare gastroesophageal 99mTc scintiscanning (GES), the pH reflux test (TRA) and esophageal manometry in the assessment of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). GES was performed after oral intake of sulfur colloid labeled with 99m technetium and 300 ml of water. Calculation of an index of reflux gave a semi-quantitative assessment of the GER. Sixty patients with symptoms of GER (typical in 51 cases, atypical in 9 cases) had the three tests. A GES was also performed in 17 normal volunteers and in 12 patients of the series after fundoplication. The diagnostic specificity of GES was 1.0 in GER. GES was less frequently positive than the pH reflux test in GER (68.6 p. 100 versus 80.4 p. 100) but the difference was not significant. These two tests were more sensitive than manometry. The index of reflux was higher in patients than in control subjects (p less than 0.0005) and returned to normal values after fundoplication. A correlation between the index of reflux and the stage of pH-reflux test was observed. It is suggested that GES can be used in the initial assessment of GER as an alternative to TRA and performed repeatedly during the follow-up of patients treated surgically.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Functional studies of the esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux: application to anti-reflux surgery].

A functional exploration of the esophagus, an acid reflux test, a manometry and an endoscopic examination were performed on 56 patients in succession, who had undergone a complete fundoplication for gastro-esophageal reflux. These tests were done pre-operatively as well as post-operatively at short term (1 year) and long term (4 years). The functional and endoscopic pre-operative work-up did not enable to isolate a group of patients likely to present a therapeutic failure. 54 patients were seen again at 1 year, with a good clinical result in 50 of them (92 per cent). At 4 years, 39 out of 48 patients (81 per cent) maintained that result. The acid reflux test was abnormal in all cases of clinical recurrence. Two asymptomatic patients had an abnormal test. One presented a clinical recurrence subsequently, the other had a severe esophagitis confirming the recurrence. On manometry, a significant and stable increase of the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter was noticed after fundoplication (8.1 +/- 1.8 mmHg pre-operatively, 15.5 +/- 1.4 mmHg at 1 year, 14.5 +/- 1.5 mmHg at 4 years). In case of recurrence, the pressures were in an average lower although values within normal limits could not exclude a recurrence. A complete fundoplication is therefore a reliable long term procedure. The functional exploration of the esophagus post-operatively enables to select asymptomatic patients with a high recurrence risk and gives an objective evaluation of the operative results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Completed calibrated fundoplication].

Complete fundoplication at present is the most effective surgical treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux. However, it has a number of side-effects, including post-operative dysphagia, inability to eructate and painful gastric distension. Fifty-five patients were operated upon using a technique which comprises wide gastric release and fabrication of a tension-free valve around a 50F probe introduced through the mouth. After 1 year, 94% of patients were free of reflux and 22% had mild dysphagia. After 3 years, the proportion of reflux-free patients still was 94%; 12% suffered from mild dysphagia and 6% had problems with eructation. Thus, calibration of the oesophagus with a 50F probe reduces the side-effects of complete fundoplication while remaining effective against gastro-oesophageal reflux.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1981

Transient pulmonary impairment during attacks of Crohn's disease.

Lung function was studied in 10 patients with Crohn's disease during and after an attack of the disease. Pulmonary volumes and lung transfer factor were not impaired but functional residual capacity was greater during the attack than during remission; it was also greater than in normal subjects. FRC values and disease activity decreased concomitantly during remission as well as finger clubbing. The etiology of this impairment was unknown.

Adult↗