Biomedical subjects

P Bickel

Publications and source records attributed to P Bickel.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1979

[Discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs in chronic schizophrenic patients. II. Psychological and psychopathological test differences between patients with and without relapse].

After the discontinuation of the neuroleptic treatment (open design), 10 out of 30 hospitalized chronic schizophrenic patients showed before the end of 4 weeks a significant increase of their symptomatology. This deterioration made the application of neuroleptics necessary. Before the discontinuation of the neuroleptic treatment the group of patients with later relapse and the group without relapse showed only slight differences concerning psychopathological symptoms but significant differences concerning test performance. After 2 weeks without medication a pronounced impairment of performance was found in patients with later relapse. At this time the two groups showed no more significant differences in the psychological tests. At the same time significant differences concerning the psychopathological symptoms had developed.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

[Effects of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) on tests of psychoticism (author's transl)].

In a controlled study on 38 volunteers the effects of 250 micrograms/kg N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) i.m. on objective and performance tests measuring psychoticism according to Eysenck were assessed. The hypothesis was tested that subjects treated with DMT (N = 26) differ from those receiving placebo (N = 12) in the same way as endogenous psychotics differ from normals. Confirmation was obtained in 7 out of 19 variables, most of which may be considered as tests of concentration. These results are similar to those of a previous study on the effects of (-) delta9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Comparison of altered states of consciousness induced by the hallucinogens (--)-delta9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) (author's transl)].

The study compares altered states of consciousness induced by the hallucinogens (--)delta9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) and N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) using two placebo control groups. A total of 24 subjects received 250 mug delta9-THC p.o./kg body weight and 26 subjects were treated with 250 mug DMT i.m./kg. Placebo was given to 24 subjects. The effects were assessed by a questionnaire administered following the experimental conditions. Questionnaire items were combined into the following eight scales according to their content and several cirteria of the theory of mental testing: visual hallucinations (illusions), auditory hallucinations (illusions), impairment of memory and attention, depersonalization syndrome, deprealization syndrome, changes of body image, euphoric state and anxious-depressive state. The two hallucinogen groups differed significantly from placebo on all eight scales. No difference, however, between delta9-THC and DMT was significant. On the scale "optical hallucinations (illusions)" a tendency that DMT might have stronger effects than delta9-THC was found. Methodological problems of comparing different hallucinogens are discussed.

Cognition Disorders↗

PubMed1976

[Altered states of consciousness induced by N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)].

In a controlled study on 38 volunteers the effects of 250 mcg/kg N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) i.m. were assessed. 26 subjects received DMT and 12 placebo. The altered states of consciousness and the somatic changes were measured by several questionnaires administered after the experiment. In spite of the low dose as compared to previous studies significant differences to placebo were found in the following syndromes of altered states of consciousness: visual hallucinations rep. illusions, impairment of memory and attention, changes of body image, depersonalization syndrome, derealization syndrome, euphoric state, anxious-depressive state and delusion. The somatic side effects were mainly subjective respiratory troubles, dizziness and weakness.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

Changes of simple somatic parameters by delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) in a double-blind-study. Short communication.

The effects of 250 mug/kg delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) p.o. on several somatic parameters were assessed in a double-blind study on 36 volunteers. The consistently reported increase of the pulse rate was confirmed. In other somatic variables no differences to placebo were found. There were, however, significant correlations between the intensity of affective changes under delta-9-THC and the rise of eosinophilic granulocytes.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

[Effects of (--)delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) on tests of psychoticism. A study of Eysenck's drug postulate on the effects of hallucinogens in relation to psychoticism (author's transl)].

In a double-blind study on 36 volunteers the effects of 250 mug/kg (--)delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol p.o. on objective and performance tests measuring psychoticism according to Eysenck were assessed. The hypothesis was tested that subjects treated with delta-9-THC differ from those receiving placebo in the same way as endogenous psychotics differ from normals. Confirmation was obtained in only 5 out of 19 variables. Four of these 5 variables may be considered as tests of concentration.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Drugs and their way of application in juvenile drug abuse. A dimension-analytical study of consumption habits].

In a sample of 382 heavy users mode and extent of drug abuse were inquired. Factor analysis of the data gave three factors named "i.v. applicated illegal drugs", "oral applicated illegal drugs" and "oral applicated medicaments" for short. Results show that attitudes of the drug users towards their drug uses are strongly influenced by the mode of application and the definitions of the drug laws, whereas pharmacological aspects and subjective effects have hardly any demonstrable importance.

Adolescent↗