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Biomedical subjects

P Bond

Publications and source records attributed to P Bond.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The tumescent technique to significantly reduce blood loss during burn surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Burn surgery is complicated by blood loss. The tumescent technique of subdermal injection of epinephrine has been utilized to decrease intraoperative blood loss. We hypothesized that this would safely decrease blood loss during burn surgery. METHODS: Twenty patients utilized the tumescent technique. The tumescent group had subdermal injections of epinephrine beneath the excision and donor site plus thrombin spray and warm saline soaked laparotomy pads. Ten patients grafted prior to adopting the tumescent technique utilized thrombin spray and warm saline soaked laparotomy pads for hemostasis. Blood loss was determined by operative estimation and calculation. Data were analyzed by Student's t-test and paired t-test. RESULTS: The two groups were demographically similar. The tumescent group had significantly less total blood loss and blood loss per unit area excised. There were no clinically detectable arrythmias, changes in heart rate or blood pressure noted. CONCLUSIONS: The tumescent technique significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss. It is safe, inexpensive and easy to use. The subdermal epinephrine/saline injection creates a smooth, tense surface which assists with debridement and donor harvest.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Globalization, pharmaceutical pricing, and South African health policy: managing confrontation with U.S. firms and politicians.

Brewing since the advent of South African democracy in 1994 and promises of health sector transformation, an extraordinary drug war between President Nelson Mandela's African National Congress government and U.S. pharmaceutical manufacturers took on global proportions in 1998-1999. Within months of the passage of South African legislation aimed at lowering drug prices, the U.S. government quickly applied powerful pressure points to repeal a clause allowing potential importation of generic substitutes and imposition of compulsory licensing. At stake were not only local interpretations of patent law and World Trade Organization rules on Trade in Intellectual Property, but international power relations between developing countries and the pharmaceutical industry. In reviewing the ongoing debate, this article considers post-apartheid public health policy, U.S. government pressure to change the law, and pharmaceutical industry interests and links to the U.S. government, and evaluates various kinds of resistance to U.S. corporate and government behavior. The case thus raises--not for the first time--concerns about contemporary imperialism ("globalization"), the role of the profit motive as an incentive in vital pharmaceutical products, and indeed the depth of "democracy" in a country where high-bidding international drug firms have sufficient clout to embarrass Vice President Al Gore by pitting him against the life-and-death interests of millions of consumers of essential drugs in South Africa and other developing countries.

Conflict, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

The state of neoliberalism in South Africa: economic, social, and health transformation in question.

Recent overhauls of the South African government's ruling machinery in the context of an ever-deepening commitment to neoliberal economic philosophy, have done serious, even irreparable harm to this country's political transformation. Notwithstanding some progress in policies adopted by the Department of Health, the March 1996 closure of the Reconstruction and Development Ministry and the subsequent announcement of a neoliberal macroeconomic policy have been cause for disgruntlement by those advocating progressive social and health policies.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1997

The costs of mergers and acquisitions in the U.S. health care sector.

Important trends are emerging from evidence of health care industry concentration in the United States. Some of these are the durable consumer concerns--cost, choice, and access--which have received attention throughout the introduction of managed care. But with the intensified industry concentration, these have been joined by concerns about pricing power, control and quality, integrity of health system and health policy-making, and clashing institutional mandates. Such trends are particularly evident in the hospital and pharmaceutical industries.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1995

Health and social policies in the new South Africa.

South Africa's first democratic government is today confronted with the challenge of recasting apartheid social and health policies, transforming a moribund bureaucracy's mode of governance, and restructuring a variety of public and private institutions, including the national Department of Health. In the attempt to redress racial, gender, and class inequities, enormous barriers confront health policy analysts and planners, progressive politicians, and activists within civil society who work in the field of health. This article sets the broad social policy context for the emerging strategies, documents some of the continuing inequities in the health sector, and recounts some recent experiences in one of the nine provinces (KwaZulu-Natal). to illustrate the difficulties and potentials that change of this magnitude presents under the prevailing conditions of neoliberal politics and economics.

Democracy↗
PubMed1991

Antibodies and DNA probes used to analyze variant populations of the Indochina-1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.

Ten variant populations derived from the Indochina-1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum were analyzed by using (i) hyperimmune serum raised against some of these populations in squirrel monkeys and (ii) an oligonucleotide probe based on the rep-20 sequence, which had previously been shown to be a useful marker of diversity. Although all 10 subpopulations had an identical fingerprint pattern on Southern blots probed with the oligonucleotide, thus demonstrating a homogeneous genetic makeup, they all had a different phenotype for erythrocyte-associated antigens, thus confirming serological variant-specific differences. Antibodies to erythrocyte-associated antigens were measured with a new technique including immunogold and silver enhancement. The results of this study indicate that antigenic variation can occur without major genomic reorganization.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Analysis of the crystal arrangement in collagen fibrils of mineralizing turkey tibia tendon.

Mineralized pieces of tendons from the tibio-tarsus of turkeys were (i) shock-frozen, freeze-dried, embedded and cut without staining, or (ii) fixed, embedded and stained after sectioning. Micrographs were taken with an electron microscope on longitudinally cut sections. The center-to-center distances of neighboring apatitic needles within collagen fibrils were measured. For shock-frozen and freeze-dried specimens, the average of these distances is 4.7 nm and the most frequent value 4.2 nm; for the fixed and stained specimens, 3.8 nm and 3.6 nm, respectively. Laser diffraction of the electron micrographs showed a dumbbell-like intensity pattern (two diffuse maxima of intensity on the equator, one on each side of the central spot), giving an average distance of about 6 nm. This value represents the upper range of the direct measurements. The measurements demonstrate that the arrangement of the collagen microfibrils is mainly preserved during mineralization. However, using laser diffraction, distances of 9-11 nm were also observed. Such large distances can also be demonstrated by X-ray diffraction on collagen fibrils stained under special conditons. this may indicate that special conditions of apatitic mineralization or staining may alter the arrangement of the microfibrils.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of good practice and treatment in the rehabilitation of alcoholic and drug-addicted inmates in Her Majesty's prisons.

This paper describes the philosophy and development of the Substance Abuse Treatment Programme (SATP), which is now operated by the Rehabilitation of Addicted Prisoners Trust (RAPt) (formerly the Addicted Diseases Trust, ADT) in Her Majesty's Prisons Downview, Coldingley, Pentonville, Wandsworth, and Norwich. The SATP treats inmates whose chronic alcohol, drug, and gambling addictions have been a major contributor to their offending history. Reference to 'addicts' in this paper will be deemed to include all of these groups. Inmates participating in the programme are referred to as Members. The essential elements of the programme are briefly described, as is its outcome.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A handmaiden's tale.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Critical Care↗