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Biomedical subjects

P Bosio

Publications and source records attributed to P Bosio.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Lipoemulsification versus lipoaspiration. Comparison of intraoperative blood loss and surgery time].

Blood loss due to liposuction is one of the main problems in this kind of surgery, blood volume being up to 30%-35% of the whole liposucked volume. We studied the possible lower impact of ultrasound lipolysis in order to obviate this non negligible problem. For this purpose we treated 10 patients, females, aged between 28 and 55, such obese to overweight between 50% and 200%. These patients underwent ultrasound lipolysis surgery after any dietetic or any other treatment against obesity. No patient dropped out of the study. Each patient was treated, under general anesthesia, in a region included between an imaginary horizontal line passing through the umbilicus and another one through the middle of the femur. Thirty minutes after a bilateral infiltration with an epinephrine solution (1:500000 diluted, 28 C) 2 1 volume each side, the right side was treated with the liposucking cannula (0.4 cm diameter), the left one underwent ultrasound lipolysis with a titanium probe (0.5 cm diameter, SMEI Casale Monferrato, Italy). A liposucking probe every 10 minutes into the left side was inserted. Haemoglobin was detected (according to the method of Goodpasture) in the liposucked material. The result showed a statistically significant difference between the blood rate in the lipoaspirate and that one in the ultrasound lysed material. Ultrasound lipolysis is slower than lipoaspiration, but it also shows less risk of hemorrhage and fat embolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Detection of hepatitis D virus RNA in serum by a reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction-based assay.

We designed a reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction-based assay for serum hepatitis D virus RNA. Amplified hepatitis D virus cDNA was revealed by ethidium bromide staining, followed by blotting onto a nylon membrane and hybridization with a 32phosphorus-labelled oligonucleotide, or by a DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) using a double stranded DNA-specific monoclonal antibody. The absolute sensitivity was expressed as number of hepatitis D virus RNA molecules, using a serum of known viral RNA concentration. Three sets of primers were used, encompassing the base positions 66-686 (variable rod-stabilizing region), 701-962 (conserved, viroid-like domain) and 886-1,333 (portion of the open reading frame 5 encoding for the carboxyterminus of the hepatitis D antigen) of the viral genome. The lower detection limits, after amplification of the three RNA portions, as assessed by ethidium bromide staining, were 7.5 x 10(6), 7.5 x 10(4) and 7.5 x 10(2) molecules of hepatitis D virus RNA per assay, respectively. The region encompassing bases 886-1,333 was chosen for blotting and hybridization to a radiolabelled oligonucleotide probe or for a capture-based DNA enzyme immunoassay, where the microplate was coated with this same probe. The two procedures showed comparable sensitivity, i.e., about 10 molecules of viral RNA per assay. The specificity of the assay was further on a panel of both anti-hepatitis D-positive and -negative sera. Amplification of serum hepatitis D virus RNA by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction followed by detection of the amplified cDNA by DNA enzyme immunoassay is a promising and feasible routine assay for detecting low amounts of circulating virions.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

HCV viremia in hemodialysis patients: detection by a DNA enzyme immunoassay for amplified HCV sequences.

The aim of this study was the detection of HCV viremia in both anti-HCV antibody positive and negative hemodialysis patients. Sera from 75 patients on extracorporeal blood purification in the same dialysis unit were analyzed. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected using a 2nd-generation ELISA assay and in all positive cases a RIBA 3rd-generation test was performed. HCV-RNA was tested by a reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay with primers located in the 5' region. PCR products were analyzed by a nonradioactive hybridation assay. The presence of anti-HCV antibodies was detected in 30 (40%) patients by means of ELISA II test; 28 of them were RIBA III positive and two indeterminate. Twenty-four of the 30 HCV Ab ELISA II positive patients (80%) were HCV-RNA positive (23 RIBA III positive and 1 indeterminate). Six anti-HCV Ab ELISA II positive patients tested negative for HCV-RNA (20%); 5 of these patients were also positive for anti-HCV antibodies with a RIBA III test and 1 was indeterminate. None of the anti-HCV negative patients was HCR-RNA positive. In two cases we documented the disappearance of viremia after an acute HCV infection, with the persistence of antibody reactivity. In conclusion, anti-HCV antibody positive hemodialysis patients should be considered as potentially infectious.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Ultrasonic suction lipectomy. A mini-invasive treatment of obesity].

The safety of ultrasounds lipolysis in the treatment of local obesity and lipodystrophies versus suction lipectomy (less blood loss because of a lower impact on blood vessels network, and less mortality) induced us to combine these mini-invasive techniques in the treatment of obese patients. Between 1991 and 1994 we treated 205 patients (146 females, 59 males, 18-59 range age), affected by 1st degree obesity (44.4%), 2nd degree obesity (27.3%) and 3rd degree obesity (28.3%), accordingly to the following schedule: 1) general anesthesia; 2) subdermal infiltration of the operating sites of a cold sodium chloride (0.9%) epinephrine solution (1:10(5), 8 degrees C); 3) 0.5 cm cutaneous incisions; 4) introduction of titanium tips as ultrasounds source; 5) insertion of suction lipectomy probes to remove the adipose tissue destroyed by ultrasounds; 6) drainage of the wide subcutaneous space; 7) setting of elastic bandages. Mortality was zero and very low side effects have been observed. We report an improvement of blood glucose and triglycerides level and blood pressure 30 days after surgery. Fair late postoperative improvement of the blood glucose tolerance test have been seen in 3 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Myopic keratomileusis: results with a follow-up over one year.

We report one-year follow-up results on 23 eyes in which we performed myopic keratomileusis. The mean refraction changed from -11.09 diopters (D) preoperatively to -3.66 D postoperatively. In all but two cases, keratometry was reduced one year postoperatively. The average corneal thickness decrease was 0.139 mm. In nine eyes, irregular astigmatism severely affected vision. We do not feel that keratometry changes and refractive changes can be statistically related, nor can corneal thickness and postoperative irregular astigmatism. Although myopic keratomileusis is a technically safe treatment, it is not a precise, predictable method for correcting myopia.

Cornea↗
PubMed1986

Experimental splenic regeneration.

The results of studies which indicate that splenic resection of residual parenchyma is able to regenerate are based primarily upon the weight increase of the splenic remnant at specified times after partial resection. This study was done to determine the histologic characteristics of the residual splenic tissue at 30 and 90 days after partial splenectomy in rats. The average increase in weight of the splenic polar residual after subtotal resection was 43 per cent at 30 days and 44 per cent at 90 days, and 10 per cent at 30 days and 30 per cent at 90 days for residual half spleen after hemisplenectomy. Histologic alterations, mainly present in the parenchyma near the section surface at 30 days were clearly inflammatory secondary to surgical trauma. There was no regenerative significance. At 90 days, the results of histologic study demonstrate a readjustment of the vascular net and the lymphoid tissue of the white pulp. The result is new structures which reproduces the follicular morphologic characteristics. This process requires 90 days to predominate over inflammatory postsurgical changes. Only during this phase may it have an important role in determining the increase of the residual weight. Further research into the functional capacity of the newly formed structures is necessary to confirm that the histologic modifications observed are comparable to true regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Absence of residues from crops irrigated with water treated with trifenmorph for schistosomiasis control.

The fate of the molluscicide trifenmorph (N-tritylmorpholine) following its use in irrigation systems to control the intermediate hosts of schistosomes was studied by laboratory and field experiments. Laboratory studies with (14)C-trifenmorph indicated that bean plants did not take up detectable residues when the soil in which they were grown was irrigated with water containing trifenmorph in concentrations likely to occur in the field. These laboratory studies have been complemented by field irrigation studies of growing crops in southern Africa and the Sudan. Residues of trifenmorph and its breakdown product triphenylmethanol could not be detected in the crops and the limit of detectability was 0.01-0.02 ppm. These results indicate that residues are not likely to be present in irrigated crops following the treatment of the irrigation water systems with trifenmorph.

Africa, Southern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Activity patterns and time allocation during pregnancy: a longitudinal study of British women.

OBJECTIVE: Few studies provide data regarding the integrated everyday activities of Western pregnant women. The study aimed to quantify changes in the daily activity of women during pregnancy and to examine whether pregnancy has a differential impact on different activity domains. DESIGN: A prospective, longitudinal study of maternal time allocation and activity was carried out. METHODS: The time allocation patterns of 57 healthy nulliparous pregnant women were assessed at 16, 25, 34 and 38 weeks gestation by semi-structured interview. Mean total daily activity levels (DALs) were estimated according to the intensity and duration of each activity reported. Self-reported activity was sub-divided into occupational, recreational, domestic and nocturnal activity ratios. RESULTS: From 16 to 34 weeks gestation mean self-reported DAL declined significantly from 1.54 to 1.40 METS (Metabolic Equivalent TEE Score, where TEE is total energy expenditure) (p < 0.001). In the different activity domains, mean occupational activity ratio decreased (p < 0.002) whilst nocturnal activity ratio increased (p < 0.002) from 16 to 34 weeks. Mean recreational activity ratio decreased significantly between 25 and 38 weeks (p < 0.001) but no significant changes were observed in mean domestic activity ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Low-risk pregnancy has a differential impact on occupational, recreational and domestic domains. Economies in energy expenditure appear to be made in occupational and recreational activity while domestic activities are largely maintained during pregnancy. Changes in physical activity may be influenced more by the type of activity rather than the intensity of activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inpatient monitoring on an outpatient basis: managing hypertensive pregnancies in the community using automated technologies.

Automated measurement of blood pressure and urinalysis is reviewed, and the strengths and weaknesses of these devices are compared with conventional techniques. The few early reports of such management strategies are reviewed with emphasis on the advantages of automated monitoring. The article concludes with a review of published pilot data in this field and places those findings in the context of recent recommendations for the development of obstetric care in the United Kingdom.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The prevalence of chemical substance and alcohol abuse in an obstetric population in Dublin.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of illicit drug abuse and alcohol use in an obstetric population based in an urban maternity hospital. SETTING: A collaborative study between the Rotunda Hospital, Dublin and the Irish National Drug Advisory & Treatment Centre. DESIGN: A prospective study consisting of anonymous, unlinked urine testing of 504 'first visit' antenatal patients and a separate group of 515 patients six weeks after delivery. METHODS & OUTCOME MEASURES: Toxicological screening using enzyme-linked immunoassay techniques, with all positive samples being reanalysed. Drug histories were taken and samples were tested for alcohol and six of the most commonly abused drugs. The pre- and postnatal prevalence of abuse was matched with demographic data. RESULTS: The prevalence of chemical substance misuse in the antenatal population was 2.8% and 5.6% in the postnatal population. Substances identified included benzodiazepines, cannabis, amphetamines, opiates and cocaine. Less than 2% of samples tested positive for alcohol. None of the women yielding positive samples had been pre-identified on the basis of history. A significant proportion of the women were in the high risk categories with regard to age and socio-economic status. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of drug misuse antenatally was nearly 3% and postnatally almost 6%. Substance abusers in pregnancy are more likely to be single, unemployed, and to have had a previous pregnancy.

Adult↗