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P Brasseur

Publications and source records attributed to P Brasseur.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

High prevalence of co-factor independent anticardiolipin antibodies in malaria exposed individuals.

Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were investigated in 137 individuals chronically exposed to malaria and living in Africa and Asia. They belonged to several groups according to parasite (Plasmodium falciparum or vivax) and clinical manifestations (i.e. asymptomatic parasite carriers, acute uncomplicated attack or severe malaria episodes). aCL were measured in an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) performed in the presence of either goat serum (aCLs) or gelatin (aCLg). In a group of 53 patients with autoimmune manifestations (i.e. antiphospholipid syndrome and/or lupus), detection of IgG but not IgM aCL was markedly reduced in the presence of gelatin. In malaria donors, high prevalence of serum co-factor-independent IgG and IgM were detected, and the presence of goat serum in the assay consistently decreased their detection. aCLg levels were found to be related to the clinical/endemic status of donors. IgG aCLg were found to be higher in asymptomatic P. falciparum carriers than in patients with uncomplicated acute or cerebral malaria. IgM aCLg were higher in the cerebral malaria group than in groups with uncomplicated acute malaria patients or asymptomatic individuals. Data suggest that using a serum co-factor independent, sensitive ELISA, aCL are commonly detected during malarial infections and related to malarial infection status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Center of multidrug-resistant malaria in a forest zone of Cameroon revisited after 14 years].

In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, amodiaquine, quinine and pyronaridine was assessed using the DELI microtest method in 2000. Isolates were collected on the La Nyé'eté rubber plantations located in a forest zone 45 km southeast of Kribi, Cameroon. Comparison with results of the last survey in 1986 showed that chloroquine resistance has remained stable (61% versus 56%). Sensitivity to amodiaquine and pyronaridine was high (76.5% and 89.5% respectively) in all isolates including chloroquine-resistant isolates. Despite intensive use in the area, quinine remained highly effective (sensitivity, 80%). These results indicate that chloroquine sensitivity has remained relatively stable in this resistant zone and that little cross-resistance with amodiaquine and pyronaridine has developed. These findings hold the promise for an alternative treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in chloroquine-resistance areas.

Amodiaquine↗
PubMed2002

[Post traumatic intercostal lung herniation: a case report].

The authors report a case of post traumatic lung herniation in a 76 year old obese retired coalminer with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lung herniation is a rare event. It is typically is iatrogenic or post traumatic and sometimes occurs after a delay of several months or years. CT is useful for diagnosis.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2001

Successful treatment of metronidazole- and albendazole-resistant giardiasis with nitazoxanide in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A case of metronidazole- and albendazole-resistant giardiasis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was successfully treated with nitazoxanide (1.5 g twice a day for 30 days). Animal studies and in vitro assays showed that the isolate was resistant to both metronidazole and albendazole and susceptible to nitazoxanide.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2001

[Aseptic osteonecrosis of alcoholic origin: a case report].

Alcohol-induced aseptic osteonecrosis is not infrequent but multifocal osseous destruction is very rare. Alcoholic patients often present lipidic metabolism perturbation with fat embolism and are susceptible to develop diffuse intravascular coagulation in terminal microcirculation of femoral and humeral heads. The authors report one case of multifocal alcohol-induced osteonecrosis in a 74 year-woman. She presented with bilateral osteonecrosis of the humeral heads and total osteolysis of the neck and the head of the hips. Hepatic cirrhosis and chronic pancreatitis were additional risk factors inducing intra-osseous thrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Evaluation of in vitro drug sensitivity of antimalarials for Plasmodium falciparum using a colorimetric assay (DELI-microtest)].

The DELI-microtest (Double-Site Enzyme Linked LDH Immunodetection) is a colorimetric method for determination of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro sensitivity to antimalarial drugs. This method is based on the capture of the specific lactate deshydrogenase of Plasmodium falciparum (pLDH) using 2 monoclonal antibodies which recognize 2 different sites of the enzyme. The second monoclonal antibody is biotinylated and may catch a peroxidase-labelled streptavidine and develop a colorimetric reaction in the presence of peroxidase substrate. The level of pLDH released by parasite growth is determined by the measure of optical densities. An excellent correlation has been observed between the IC50's obtained using the DELI-microtest and the classical isotopic microtest, and the high sensitivity of the DELI-microtest can be used to measure the IC50's for isolates with parasitemia as low as 0.005%. It is easier and faster to process than isotopic microtest in field conditions. In addition, due to high sensitivity of the DELI-microtest, isolates with a low parasitemia may be included in the studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Cryptosporidium parvum infection stimulates the secretion of TGF-beta, IL-8 and RANTES by Caco-2 cell line.

Cryptosporidium parvum is a common cause of diarrhea in humans. Although mild inflammatory mucosal infiltrate is usually observed, limited information is currently available on the pathogenic mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. The aim of this work was to investigate in vitro the influence of C. parvum infection on the secretion of lymphocyte-targeted chemokines (RANTES. MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, IL-8), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, GM-CSF and IL-6) and TGF-beta by human enterocytic Caco-2 cells. C. parvum infection stimulates IL-8, RANTES and TGF-beta secretion by both the basal and apical side of caco-2 cells. A slight increase in TNF-alpha production by infected cells was observed in the apical compartment. Data suggest that enterocytic chemokines and/or TGF-beta are involved in the initiation and regulation of the mucosal response to C. parvum infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Anti-NANP antibody and treatment efficacy in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria attacks.

African patients originating from the hypoendemic, urban area of Greater Dakar (Senegal, West Africa) who presented with an acute Plasmodium falciparum infection were studied using an in-vivo chloroquine sensitivity assay for 28 days. Forty-seven patients with acute malaria infections were treated with 25 mg/body weight of chloroquine. Adequate responses to treatment were observed in 24 patients (51%), whereas 23 (49%) were resistant. On the day of admission, these two groups of patients were comparable with respect to age, level of parasitemia and delay before initiation of treatment, but not with respect to gametocyte prevalence which was higher in patients resistant to therapy (48%) than in those who responded to treatment (17%). In order to evaluate whether the therapeutic response was associated with any given specific immune response, antibody activities against different stages of the parasite cycle were evaluated: anti-NANP repeats (i.e. antisporozoite stage antigen), anti-Pfs 45 kDa (i.e. antigametocyte stage antigen), and anti-MSP3 (i.e. antimerozoite stage antigen) antibodies were measured by ELISA at day 0 (i.e. on the day of admission and before initiation of treatment), day 7 and day 28. No significant differences between treatment-sensitive and treatment-resistant infections were observed for antibody prevalences and optical densities, except at day 0, when the prevalence of antibodies against NANP repeats was 2.4 times more frequent in the group of patients with a propitious response to treatment: 62.5% of the patients with an infection sensitive to chloroquine had anti-NANP antibodies, whereas only 26.1% of the patients resistant to chloroquine treatment had such a humoral response. These observations are discussed in relation to (1) the finding that gametocyte prevalence was markedly increased at a time when resistance to antimalarial treatment was observed; (2) the possibility that the efficacy of the therapeutic response could be the result of the combined effects of treatment and the individual immune status of the patients at the time of drug cure; and (3) the presence of detectable anti-NANP activity as potential indicator of the level of premunition acquired in an area of low and seasonal malaria transmission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Efficacy of nitazoxanide, tizoxanide and tizoxanide glucuronide against Cryptosporidium parvum development in sporozoite-infected HCT-8 enterocytic cells.

The effects of nitazoxanide and its metabolites, tizoxanide and tizoxanide glucuronide, on the development of the asexual and sexual stages of Cryptosporidium parvum in differentiated human enterocytic HCT-8 cells were evaluated in a quantitative alkaline phosphatase immunoassay. Nitazoxanide, tizoxanide and tizoxanide glucuronide were inhibitory for up to 46 h when added after sporozoite invasion (MIC50 1.2, 22.6 and 2.2 mg/L, respectively). Tizoxanide had only limited activity, but nitazoxanide and tizoxanide glucuronide strongly inhibited asexual and sexual stages, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Metronidazole and albendazole susceptibility of 11 clinical isolates of Giardia duodenalis from France.

The metronidazole and albendazole susceptibility of 11 clinical isolates of Giardia duodenalis from France was determined using a neonatal mouse model and compared with the outcome in patients after standard metronidazole therapy (0.75 g/day for 5 days). All isolates found to be clinically resistant to metronidazole (4/11) exhibited an ID50 > 120 mg/kg in the mouse model. This therefore appears to be a suitable animal model in which to explore drug failures in human giardiasis.

Albendazole↗
PubMed2000

A NMRI suckling mouse model for the evaluation of infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in NMRI suckling mouse. METHODS: Four-day-old SPF NMRI suckling mice were inoculated with different amounts of oocysts by oral gavage. On day 7 after inoculation, suckling mice were sacrificed, and a suspension was prepared by homogenizing the intestinal tract from pylorus to anus. A mouse was considered infected when oocysts were found in smears of the intestinal content suspension stained with carbo lfuchsin solution. The infectivity of oocysts was evaluated as measured by the percentage of infected mice in each group. RESULTS: Mice receiving 1,500 or 2,000 oocysts were all infected. The percentages of infected mice were 88, 74, 51 and 28 respectively after ingestion of 1,000, 500, 250 and 100 oocysts. The percentage of infected mice was 9.5% after ingesting as few as 50 oocysts. CONCLUSION: This model is convenient for evaluation of the infectivity of C. parvum oocysts.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Enzyme immunoassay detection of Cryptosporidium parvum inhibition by sinefungin in sporozoite infected HCT-8 enterocytic cells.

Complete parasite development was obtained in differentiated human enterocytic HCT-8 cells infected at confluence with Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoites, and evaluated in a quantitative enzyme immunoassay. Forty-eight hours after infection, a linear correlation was found between optical density values and the number of parasites determined in an immunofluorescent assay. Sinefungin exerted an inhibitory effect when added within 4 h after sporozoite addition to HCT-8 cultures (MIC50 = 38 mumol L-1), while the inhibitory effects of paromomycin and pentamidine dimethanesulfonate were also easily detected (MIC50 = 0.87 mumol L-1 and 0.27 mumol L-1, respectively). Except for high pentamidine dimethanesulfonate concentrations, no alteration in optical microscopy morphology or trypan blue exclusion of HCT-8 cells was observed in the presence of anticryptosporidial agents, which suggests that they were primarily active against developing parasites. Data suggest that EIA detection of C. parvum development in sporozoite-infected HCT-8 cells provides an accurate and convenient model for in vitro evaluation of parasite infectivity, growth and response to anticryptosporidial agents.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1998

Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization is effective against Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.

The aim of this work was to evaluate in an immunosuppressed rat cryptosporidiosis model a new method that combines vacuum and low-temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma for sterilization of endoscopic material contaminated by Cryptosporidium parvum. Rats were challenged with oocysts either air-dried or air-dried and treated with vacuum alone or associated with gas plasma. No rat was found infected after gas plasma exposure of oocysts, whereas vacuum or air-drying alone resulted only in a decreased infectivity.

Animals↗