Biomedical subjects

P Broms

Publications and source records attributed to P Broms.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

Hearing in geriatric long-stay patients.

A study was made of the hearing of 197 geriatric long-stay patients aged 51 to 104 (mean 84) years. Information regarding hearing problems was collected by questionnaire, and hearing was tested with pure-tone audiometry after wax extraction. Only 55 patients were able to participate in the hearing test due to the high prevalence of dementia. For this category of patients it is probably necessary to use objective neurophysiological tests, such as brain stem audiometry and electrocochleography. All patients tested had considerably impaired hearing. Mean hearing loss in the speech area was 51 dB, indicating that a majority of the patients needed hearing aids. However, only one patient in 10 had such. Technical devices for amplification in the wards were scarce. It was evident that impaired hearing among geriatric long-stay patients was an underestimated and rather neglected problem, and a need for education among the nursing staff regarding communication problems was noted.

Aged↗

PubMed1982

Oral vasoconstrictors in perennial non-allergic rhinitis.

Nasal airway resistance and nasal symptoms were evaluated in patients with perennial non-allergic rhinitis before and after vasoconstrictory drugs and placebo taken orally. The patients were partly selected; those suffering mainly from nasal obstruction being tested. Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) in a dose of 100 mg in a sustained-release preparation clearly decreased the nasal airway resistance measured rhinomanometrically. PPA in a dose of 50 mg and combined with an antihistamine had no obvious decongesting effect. Placebo and dihydroergotamine (DHE) in a dose of 5 mg did not decrease the nasal airway resistance PPA (100 mg) and the combined preparation containing PPA in the lower dose (50 mg) taken twice a day in a cross-over, double-blind study significantly reduced nasal obstruction, secretion, and sneezing compared with placebo. Side effects of PPA are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Nasal airway resistance in perennial non-allergic rhinitis. Postural variations and effects of topical application of terbutaline.

The nasal airway resistance in various positions of the body was investigated in 24 patients with perennial non-allergic rhinitis and in 10 normal subjects. No difference in nasal airway resistance between inspiration and expiration was found. the patients had higher resistance than the controls, a difference providing an anatomical explanation of their complaint of nasal obstruction. When the patients changed from the recumbent to the sitting position, the resistance did not decrease until after about one hour. The corresponding time for the controls was 10 minutes. This difference suggests that oedema is a more important cause of nasal swelling in the patients than in normal subjects. Local treatment of the patients' nasal mucosa with terbutaline revealed no clear oedema-reducing effect to the drug.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

A universal way to evaluate the curve in rhinomanometry.

A new way to evaluate the curve of nasal airway resistance has been developed. With polar coordinates, all curves can be described. Also, tightly closed or wide open noses can be compared with angles. The method is of value in clinical as well as in scientific work, especially when dealing with statistics.

Airway Resistance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rhinomanometry. I. Simple equipment.

A rhinomanometer for clinical work and research is presented. It adheres to the principle that pressure and flow should be recorded X-Y wise. A storage oscilloscope is used and the tracing pencilled down on a preprinted diagram via an oscillotracer. Anterior and posterior rhinomanometry can be performed. In the former variety, one nostril is occluded and connected to the pressure transducer by an adhesive tape. This does not deform or irritate the nasal airway. A mask for anaesthesia connects the nose to the pneumotachograph. Miniature transducers mounted on the pneumotachograph provide mechanical advantages. Simple means that allow dynamic calibration of the rhinomanometer are described. The cost to set up and operate the equipment is low.

Airway Resistance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rhinomanometry. III. Procedures and criteria for distinction between skeletal stenosis and mucosal swelling.

Recently developed methods for recording of the pressure-flow relationship of the nose and derivation of data for describing the resistance to the flow through the nose were used in an effort to distinguish between skeletal stenosis and mucosal swelling. It was not possible to define an upper normal limit of the resistance of nasal cavities at rest because of the heart rate above 150/min was found to decongest the mucosa better than nose drops. An upper normal limit of resistance varying with body height was defined for nasal cavities and for the total nose after exercise. The reproducibility of data obtained after decongestion was good in patients with and without skeletal stenosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rhinomanometry. II. A system for numerical description of nasal airway resistance.

Various ways of expressing rhinomanometric results have been an obstacle for exchange of information. A method that could be generally accepted must: 1) easily give the clinician an informative figure describing the nasal airway patency in all cases: 2) provide a basis for statistical evaluation: and 3) allow a numerical description of the whole pressure-flow (P-V) curve. In our system P-V curves are traced X-Y wise and described with polar coordinates (angles and radii). The system can be applied in three modes. The 'clinical' mode describes resistance at a standardized condition defined by a circle of the pressure-flow diagram. Data can be read direct from the pressure-flow curve. The 'statistical' mode yields nearly normal distribution. The 'mathematical' mode describes the whole pressure-flow curve, in terms of changing angle with radius. This mode brings about good and stable curve-fitting. Calculation of properties of the total nose from data of each cavity can be done with a pocket calculator.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rhinomanometry. IV. A pre- and postoperative evaluation in functional septoplasty.

One hundred patients, subjected to functional septoplasty, were examined pre- and postoperatively with anterior rhinomanometry, questionnaire and rhinoscopy. Nasal airway resistance was described as a resistance (R2) for clinical, and as an angle of the pressure-flow curve (v2) for statistical use. Before operation uni- or bilateral R2 after mucosal decongestion was abnormally high in 72 of the patients. Regression analysis showed that patients with a preoperative R2 greater than 4.5 cmH2O/(l/sec) in at least one cavity were improved after surgery, as shown by rhinomanometry. Patients with such postoperative improvement were significantly more often satisfied and free from nasal obstruction than patients with decreased nasal patency. It is concluded that rhinomanometry is an indispensable aid in the selection of patients for functional septoplasty and for assessing the results of operation.

Adolescent↗