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Biomedical subjects

P C Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to P C Wilson.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Automated water-path ultrasonic examination of scrotum.

A new method of examining the scrotum by ultrasound with an automated water-path scanner is described. This method allows immobility of the scrotum in a more acceptable and painless way than in contact scanning methods. Panoramic scans of the entire scrotum and precision tomographic plane placement are advantages over conventional techniques. A description of normal scrotal anatomy includes the mediastinum of the testis, an important scrotal landmark. Representative cases of benign and malignant scrotal disease are presented to emphasize the utility of water-path scanning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A virilizing hilus-cell tumour in an African patient with Turner's syndrome.

A 26-year-old African female presented with primary amenorrhoea and genital abnormalities. She had the physical stigmata of Turner's syndrome and a 45, X karyotype. Severe masculinization of the external genitalia, apparently present from birth, was present and a laparotomy revealed a hilus-cell tumour of the right streak gonad. Clitoridectomy and vaginoplasty were performed but subsequent oestrogen therapy failed to produce breast development.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Successful birth after previous tubal ectopic pregnancies.

A case, in which tubal conservation in an ectopic pregnancy resulted in the birth of a living infant, is described. It is hoped that tubal conservation in ectopic pregnancies, which was previously thought to be unwise, will be considered in future.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The technique of fetal electroencephalography during labour.

A method for recording the fetal electroencephalogram (EEG) during labour is described. Technical specifications for the construction of a suitable electrode are detailed. One hundred and twenty-three patients in labour were monitored using this technique and the success rate of obtaining records for analysis was 91 per cent.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

The effect of fetal head compression and fetal acidaemia during labour on human fetal cerebral function as measured by the fetal electroencephalogram.

We investigated the effect of head compression and acidaemia during labour in 25 African primigravidae. Evidence that head compression had occurred during labour was confirmed by both clinical and radiological means at the end of a trial of labour. No significant difference could be demonstrated in the quantity of fetal electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormality that occurred in the groups with marked head compression as compared to the groups without marked head compression. Deterioration in the fetal EEG to a flat record known as electrocerebral silence (ECS) was associated with the development of acidaemia. As fetal heart rate (FHR) decelerations appeared the percentage of ECS in the fetal EEG record increased significantly (P less than 0.05), and likewise, as fetal acidaemia developed a highly significant increase in ECS in the fetal EEG was demonstrated (P less than 0.001). We concluded that in the management of trial of labour there was no significant deleterious change in the fetal EEG as a result of head compression, unless fetal acidaemia supervened. However, in the majority of these cases a significant increase in ECS to more than 20 per cent occurred in association with only moderate acidaemia (pH 7.25 to 7.30).

Acidosis↗
PubMed1979

Assessment of ovulation by ultrasound and plasma estradiol determinations.

The timing of ovulation was studied daily during the periovular period in 19 women attending an artificial insemination clinic during 24 menstrual cycles; B-mode ultrasound examination and plasma estradiol (E2) determinations were used. The maximum diameters of the ovarian follicles and the peak plasma E2 determinations all occurred within 2 days prior to and including the day of ovulation, as determined by conventional means, in the 12 normal cycles studied. The average values on the day prior to ovulation (day -1) for maximum follicle size and peak E2 determination were 2.5 cm and 1660 pmole/liter, respectively. Two definite ultrasonic patterns were noted after ovulation: The follicle either disappeared or filled with internal echoes. It is concluded from the preliminary study that ultrasound examination and plasma E2 determinations are equally effective in predicting the time of ovulation.

Estradiol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Apoptotic effect of rituximab on peripheral blood B cells in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rituximab (RTX) has proven efficacious in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Herein, we assessed the apoptosis-inducing capability of RTX in vitro on RA peripheral blood B-cell subsets and also compared the effects of RTX on B cells from rheumatoid factor-positive (RF+) and RF- patients. The likely relevance of B cells in disease was assessed by measuring B-cell-modulating serum cytokines. Peripheral blood B cells were isolated and cultured with the presence or absence of RTX. The levels of apoptosis within the naïve, memory and IgD+CD27+ B-cell subpopulations were determined by cytofluorometric analysis and caspase 3/7 assays. Levels of serum cytokines were measured with a multiplex cytokine array system. RTX induced significant apoptosis in all B-cell subsets in both RA and controls. In naïve and memory B cells from RA patients, RTX induced significantly higher levels of apoptosis than in controls. RTX induced apoptosis of B cells in RF+ and RF- patients. Serum levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 were profoundly increased in RF+ patients compared to RF- patients and controls. Although our cohort was small (10 RA patients), the data suggest that RTX induces apoptosis in all investigated subsets of B cells from RA patients. Interestingly, memory B cells from RA patients were more sensitive to RTX than memory cells from normal controls, suggesting that the delay in treatment response to RTX observed in clinical trials may be due in part to memory cell depletion. The apoptotic effects of RTX were similar in RF+ and RF- patients, but serum levels of B-cell-activating cytokine levels were only elevated in RF+ but not RF- patients. These data suggest that RTX is less effective in RF- RA because B cells play a less significant role in RA pathogenesis in RF- patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metalaxyl toxicity, uptake, and distribution in several ornamental plant species.

Phytoremediation depends on the ability of plants to tolerate and assimilate contaminants. This research characterized the interaction between several ornamental plant species and the fungicidal active ingredient, metalaxyl [N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alanine methyl ester]. Species evaluated included sweetflag (Acorus gramineus Sol. ex Aiton), canna (Canna hybrida L. 'Yellow King Humbert'), parrotfeather [Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.], and pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata L.). Metalaxyl tolerance levels for each species were determined by exposing plants for 7 d to solutions containing 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg metalaxyl L-1 aqueous nutrient media. Response endpoints included fresh mass production after 7 d exposure and 7 d post-exposure and quantum efficiency using dark-adapted (Fv/Fm) and light-adapted (fluorescence yields) plants. Metalaxyl uptake and distribution within the plant was determined by growing plants in aqueous nutrient media containing 1.18 x 10(6) Bq L-1 [14C]metalaxyl (0.909 mg L-1) for 1, 3, 5, or 7 d. Plant tissues were combusted and analyzed by liquid scintillation counting. Metalaxyl had no effects on the endpoints measured, except for fresh mass production of sweetflag at the 75 and 100 mg L-1 treatment levels. However, leaf necrosis was apparent in most species after 5 d exposure to concentrations greater than 25 mg L-1. Metalaxyl removal from the spiked nutrient media ranged from 15 to 60% during the 7-d exposure period. The majority of metalaxyl removed from the solution was detected within individual plants. In nearly all cases, activity from the radiolabeled pesticide accumulated in the leaves. Uptake of metalaxyl was correlated with water uptake throughout the 7 d. These results suggest that all species examined may be good candidates for incorporation into a phytoremediation scheme for metalaxyl.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic factors in typical postdiarrhea hemolytic-uremic syndrome.

Sixty-one patients with typical postdiarrhea hemolytic-uremic syndrome were retrospectively examined to determine factors influencing the prognosis. A poorer prognosis was found in younger patients, in those with an elevated white blood cell count on admission, and in those with a prolonged duration of elevated white blood cell count, thrombocytopenia, and anuria.

Adolescent↗