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Biomedical subjects

P Callard

Publications and source records attributed to P Callard.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Evidence that hepatitis B virus has a role in liver-cell carcinoma in alcoholic liver disease.

We compared the presence of serologic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with the presence of the viral DNA in the livers of patients with alcoholic liver disease with or without hepatocellular carcinoma. Among 51 patients with various kinds of alcoholic liver disease but without hepatocellular cancer, 19 had one or more serologic markers of HBV, but only three had viral surface antigen in their serum. These three patients, as well as three others who had HBV antibodies but no viral antigen in their serum and two others who had no serologic markers of any kind, had HBV DNA in their liver cells. In at least five of the eight patients with viral DNA in the liver, the DNA was integrated into the genome. Among 20 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, nine of the 16 tested had serologic markers of HBV infection, but all 20 had HBV DNA integrated into the genome of the neoplastic liver cells. These data suggest that HBV plays a part in the pathogenesis of primary liver-cell cancer in alcoholics.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Search of a cytomegalovirus infection during pseudo-membranous colitis. 6 cases (author's transl)].

Six patients with pseudomembranous colitis unrelated to lincomycin or clindamycin treatment were investigated for signs of localised or diffuse cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Before the onset of colitis 3 patients had receive prednisone, associated in 2 of them with immunosuppressive drugs. Testing for CMV included rectal mucosa biopsies, culture of blood leucocytes with human embryo diploid fibroblasts in continuous layer and titration of complement-deviating anti-CMV antibodies. Cytomegalic cells with nuclear inclusion bodies were found in the rectal mucosa of 5 patients, 4 of whom also had foci of CMV-infected cells in leucocyte-fibroblast cultures, indicative of viraemia. The fifth patient was not tested for viraemia but developed very high anti-CMV antibodies titers at a later stage. These results show that pseudomembranous colitis that are not due to antibiotics are frequently associated with localised or diffuse CMV infection. Viral invasion of the colon might be encouraged by a state of immunodeficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Biliary regeneration. Experimental studies in rats (author's transl)].

Cholangiographic and histological examinations after partial hepatectomy in rats have demonstrated the presence of biliary as well as hepatocyte regeneration. Commencing very soon after hepatectomy, biliary degeneration is confirmed by radiological investigation, showing hypertrophy of the intra-hepatic biliary canals, and corroborated histologically by evidence of mitoses in the biliary epithelium. This suggests that intravenous cholangiography can be a simple means of evaluating hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Abnormal serum iron carrier in a case of malignant histiocytosis (author's transl)].

A patient with malignant histiocytosis had an iron plasmatic concentration above 600 gamma/100 ml. An abnormal iron-binding protein incompletely saturated is demonstrated in the plasma. This protein has an electrophoretic migration near the alpha 2 globulins and no immunological reactions with antitransferrin and antiferritin antibodies. Its affinity for iron is less and its molecular weight is greater than the one of transferrin. Such a protein has not already been described in the plasma and its presence should be related to the malignant disease.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1980

[Hepatitis due to ajmaline. Report of cases and review of the literature].

The authors report the cases of 4 patients with jaundice following the administration of ajmaline. The disease had a pseudo- angiocholitic onset with fever, chills and pruritus in the 4 patients and abdominal pains in 2 patients. Serum transaminase activity and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were increased in the 4 patients. Blood eosinophilia was found in 3 patients. Liver lesions included predominantly centrilobular cholestasis, mild hepatocytic lesions, and portal inflammation. After the interruption of the drug administration, recovery occurred in the 4 patients. Two patients resumed the intake of ajmaline; transient hepatitis recurred in these 2 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Antiglomerular basement membrane nephritis after solvent exposure.

A rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with definitive anuria was observed after solvent inhalation in two young women, aged 22 and 17 years. In both cases the renal biopsy specimen showed diffuse epithelial crescents in all glomeruli, with linear deposits of IgG along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). High circulating anti-GBM antibody levels were found in sera by indirect immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay. No anti-alveolar basement membrane antibodies were detectable by immunofluorescent microscopy in one patient. It is suggested that the solvent inhalation resulted in a chemical alteration of the alveolar basement membrane giving rise to anti-basement membrane antibodies, some of which may have cross-reacted with the GBM and initiated the glomerulonephritis.

Adolescent↗