PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Carney

Publications and source records attributed to P Carney.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Disseminated vaccine strain varicella as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illness in a previously undiagnosed child.

The Food and Drug Administration licensed a live-virus varicella vaccine (Varivax; Merck & Co Inc, West Point, PA) in March 1995. Prelicensure adverse events were minimal; however, since licensure and increased vaccine use, rare previously undetected risks have arisen. Presented here is the clinical course of a previously undiagnosed, human immunodeficiency virus-infected boy who developed dissemination of the vaccine strain of varicella zoster after immunization. chickenpox, human immunodeficiency virus, pneumonia, encephalopathy, varicella vaccine, adverse events, dissemination.

Chickenpox↗
PubMed1999

Office system interventions supporting primary care-based health behavior change counseling.

CONTENT: This article reviews the literature on the effectiveness of office system interventions to improve behavior-change counseling in primary care. These instructions consist of two principle components: tools and teamwork. Tools have been developed to assist providers with health risk assessment (questionnaires, health risk appraisals), prompting and reminding (chart stickers, checklists, flow charts, reminder letters), and education (manuals and handbooks). Teamwork entails the coordination and delegation of tasks between providers and staff. CONCLUSIONS: A number of clinical trials, particularly in the area of smoking cessation, have demonstrated the effectiveness of tools and teamwork for increasing counseling rates and counseling effectiveness. Although no one type of tool or method of teamwork is consistently more effective than another-with effectiveness varying according to practice, provider, and patient characteristics-the use of different tools and teamwork approaches leads to additive improvements in counseling and patient behavior-change rates. More high-quality research is needed, particularly in the areas of health risk assessment and electronic reminder systems, to develop effective office interventions that can be readily implemented into a wide variety of primary care practices.

Counseling↗
PubMed1998

Development and applications of enhanced green fluorescent protein mutants.

The introduction of several mutations resulted in the generation of improved mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). A strong green (GFPsg25) and blue (BFPsg50) fluorescent protein, gave 50-fold-100-fold brighter fluorescence compared to wild-type GFP and BFP (Tyr66His), respectively, upon expression in mammalian cells. GFPsg25 and BFPsg50 have different excitation and emission maxima. This allows their use as an efficient dual-color tagging system and their independent detection in living cells.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1996

p53 overexpression in advanced-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: Mutation and overexpression of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in endometrial cancers are associated with advanced stage and poor survival. We sought to determine whether p53 overexpression is an independent variable predictive of poor prognosis in advanced endometrial adenocarcinomas. STUDY DESIGN: Immunohistochemical evaluation was used to examine p53 expression in paraffin blocks from 179 endometrial adenocarcinomas. RESULTS: p53 overexpression was seen in 35% of cancers and was associated with higher stage (p = 0.004), black race (p < 0.001), higher grade (p = 0.02), lack of hormone replacement (p = 0.04), and older age (p = 0.05). In addition to a higher frequency of p53 overexpression (57% vs 26%), black women had a lower survival rate than white women (p = 0.001), but overexpression was associated with poor survival in both races. After we corrected for hormone use, multivariate analysis revealed that older age (p < 0.001), higher stage (p < 0.001), higher grade (p = 0.01), and p53 overexpression (p = 0.04) were predictive of poor survival. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of p53 in advanced-stage endometrial cancers is an independent variable that is associated with poor survival, occurs more frequently in black women, and may contribute to the racial disparity in survival.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Quality of life assessment in gynaecological cancer patients.

The feasibility of quality of life (QOL) assessment in a heterogeneous group of gynaecological cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was determined. All new patients being prescribed cytotoxic chemotherapy were asked to complete a modified QOL assessment tool. The elected assessment tool is the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) tool, comprising 33 questions under 5 broad categories: physical well-being, social well-being, relationship with doctor, emotional well-being and functional well-being. Raw scores were calculated and then transformed to a 0-100 scale. Twenty eight patients received a total of 75 treatment cycles of chemotherapy. Four patients were not offered the assessment due to language difficulties. All patients offered the test satisfactorily completed the test to allow statistical analysis. The average number of chemotherapy courses received was 2.5 (range: 1-6). Of a total possible 2,475 study items (33 items x 75 cycles), 240 items were not answered (10%). Of these 240 unanswered items, 2 items (#14 and #15) comprised 38%. The mean transformed score for physical well-being was 32 (SE 2.5), for social well-being the mean transformed score was 50 (SE 1.7), relationship with doctor 86 (SE 2.4), emotional well-being 41 (SE 2) and functional well-being was 54 (SE 2.6). The assessment of QOL indices in gynaecological cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is feasible. Further research needs to determine the optimal QOL tool for this patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Improving future preventive care through educational efforts at a women's community screening program.

Cervical cancer mortality continues to be a significant problem in the United States. Pap Test screening programs have been effective in attracting high risk women, but the impact of these programs on subsequent health care has seldom been explored. This follow up study examined the impact of a cervical cancer screening and education program on preventive health behaviors of New Hampshire women in the 24 months following the screening program. A mailed survey was sent to a random sample of 750 women from program participants to evaluate both their recent preventive health care practices and to identify perceived barriers to obtaining preventive health services. Of these, 71.1 percent responded. Survey responses of the original program participants were linked to each subject's previous answers to the same questions asked 24 months earlier. A comparison group was derived by asking follow up study participants to identify a female acquaintance within five years of her age. Seventy-four percent of the comparison group responded. Survey responses of original program participants were then compared to those of the comparison group. Results indicate that women who participated in the original Project received significantly more preventive health care services in the two years since the Project than in the two years prior to it. Women in the comparison group received more Paps and clinical breast examinations than women in the participant group, perhaps because all participants had received a Pap test two years before. Having a regular health care provider was the most significant characteristic associated with obtaining indicated preventive services. An important contribution of community screening programs may be to encourage women to establish a regular source of care.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The concept of poverty.

Although poverty is one of the most familiar and enduring conditions known to humanity, it is an extremely complicated concept to understand. Some researchers view it as a reaction to the stress of being poor, whereas others perceive it as a process of adapting to the condition of poverty. Historical definitions are numerous, but can be classified as relating to either lack of financial income or lower social status. Numerous factors contribute to the concept of poverty, including political, economic, social, and cultural forces. The one that has consistently had the greatest effect on the evolving concept is the passage of time, which encompasses all these forces in a very intricate manner. This author explored the evolution of the concept of poverty to identify relevant themes for consideration in the public health nursing domain.

Culture↗
PubMed1986

An empirical assessment of the migraine personality type.

The notion of a specific, measurable migraine personality type was empirically tested through the administration of the Jackson Personality Inventory (JPI) on 125 (103 female and 22 male) migraine subjects drawn from a biofeedback treatment/research project. A significant different (p less than 0.01) was identified between this group and the test norms on a simultaneous comparison of all 15 JPI variables (Hotelling T2 test). This difference was isolated along five variables (lower scores on the measures of Complexity, Risk Taking, and Social Participation and higher scores on the Responsibility and Value Orthodoxy scales). A post hoc profile analysis comparison of the female and male subjects revealed only a trend toward significance on one test, thereby supporting the assumption of no sex differences. While these findings are in line with some of the migraine personality literature support for many characteristics was not found (i.e. for the trait of anxiety).

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Intracranial tuberculoma: conservative management.

Twenty cases of intracranial tuberculoma were treated by us. A clinical-radiographic syndrome was recognized, consisting of an avascular enhancing mass lesion surrounded by marked edema and associated with relatively less severe clinical manifestations than would have been expected from the size and location of the lesion. This allowed successful medical therapy with three antituberculous drugs for an average of 12 months. Steroids, when used, were beneficial in relieving symptoms of cerebral edema without causing spread of tuberculosis. Medically treated patients had a significantly better functional recovery than those from whom the tuberculoma was excised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Acute cerebellar hemorrhage with brainstem compression in contrast with benign cerebellar hemorrhage.

Twenty six cases of cerebellar hemorrhages were reviewed and analyzed. Two patients were comatose on admission and showed clinical evidence of brainstem compression; they were successfully revived after evacuation of the hematomas. This was in contrast with six other comatose patients who did not have evacuation and subsequently died within 48 hours. The other eight cases of so-called benign cerebellar hemorrhage ran a more benign course and recovered without any operative procedures. It is suggested that prompt diagnosis with computed tomography, even in comatose patients, and immediate removal of the hematoma in this group, might result in a better prognosis with this highly lethal condition.

Acute Disease↗