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Biomedical subjects

P Castagnoli

Publications and source records attributed to P Castagnoli.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Meckel's diverticulum: ten years experience].

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of MD cases are asymptomatic although they can, occasionally, cause complications such as bleeding, intestinal obstruction and/or inflammatory process. The diagnosis is difficult and it is usually made at surgery. The treatment of choice in the patients with symptomatic MD is surgical resection while difference of opinion there are about the treatment of asymptomatic MD. The present study concerns 9 cases of MD, 7 symptomatic and 2 incidentally found during surgical abdominal operations. Six patients was males and 3 females with 2:1 male: female ratio. The mean age was 14.7 years. The most common complication was the diverticulitis with the perforation of MD in 1 patient. All patients, symptomatic and asymptomatic, was operated. The diverticulectomy was made in 7 patients while in 2 cases we had to perform an intestinal resection. There was not operative mortality, while there were 2 cases of postoperative complications which occurred only in the patients with symptomatic MD. The Authors believe that there is no factor predictive of the development of diverticular complications. They recommend, in light of the low postoperative mortality and morbidity, the surgical treatment also in the cases of asymptomatic MD, in the absence of absolute contraindications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Species of the genus Bifidobacterium in the feces of human adults.

In order to obtain information about the intestinal bifid microflora of human adults, a total of 288 strains of bifidobacteria isolated from 29 out of 36 fecal specimens were studied. Their assignment to known species of the genus Bifidobacterium was based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analyses of soluble cellular proteins. The strains were classified as B. adolescentis, B. bifidum, B. catenulatum, B. longum, B. pseudocatenulatum. The distribution of these species is reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Anaerobic ureolytic bacteria from caecal content and soft faeces of rabbit.

Forty strains of ureolytic bacteria were isolated from the caecal content and soft faeces of seven rabbits by the anaerobic roll tube method and were characterized. The isolates were identified with Clostridium coccoides, Cl. innocuum, Peptostreptococcus productus, P. micros, Peptococcus magnus, Fusobacterium russii and Fusobacterium sp. Urease activity of representative strains of the various species was also determined. The study indicated that strongly-ureolytic anaerobic bacteria are present in the caecum of the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Species of the Bifidobacterium in the feces of infants.

A total of 907 strains of bifidobacteria isolated from the feces of breast-fed and artificial milk-fed infants were studied. Their assignment to known species of the genus Bifidobacterium was primarily based on DNA homology relationships. The strains were classified as B. bifidum, B. breve, B. catenulatum, B. dentium, B. infantis, B. longum and B. pseudocatenulatum. The distribution of these species is reported.

Bifidobacterium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adjuvant radiochemotherapy in high-risk rectal cancer results of a prospective non-randomized study.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: In 1990 the National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference recommended adjuvant combined therapy for patients with radically resected rectal cancer at high risk for relapse (ie, stage II-III). The purpose of our prospective non-randomized study was to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of postoperative radiochemotherapy in terms of improvement in disease-free and overall survival in this patient subgroup. STUDY DESIGN: From January 1990 to October 1998, 191 consecutive patients with radically resected stage II-III rectal cancer were treated. A total of 159 patients with a 24-month follow-up were assessable for toxicity and survival. Anterior resection was performed in 129 (81%) and abdomino-perineal resection in 30 (19%) patients. Fifty-four (34%) stage II and 105 (66%) stage III patients entered the study. Within 45-60 days of surgery, all patients received 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy at the dose of 500 mg/m2 as an i.v. bolus on days 1-5, every 4 weeks, for 6 cycles. Chemotherapy cycles III and IV were administered at the same daily dose on radiotherapy days 1-3 and 29-31. Radiotherapy consisted of 45 Gy/25 fractions plus a boost dose of 5.4 Gy. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 57 months (range, 25-123), overall recurrent disease was reported in 58 (36%) patients: local, systemic, and both local and systemic relapses in 12 (8%), 37 (23%) and 9 (6%) cases, respectively. According to local extension, recurrence rates were 15% and 48% in stage II and III, respectively. Five-year overall and disease-free survival were 71% and 66%, respectively. Overall survival was 87% in stage II and 62% in stage III patients, and disease-free survival was 84% and 56% in stage II and III disease, respectively. According to univariate and multivariate analyses, significant prognostic factors for better tumor control were: stage (II vs III, P <0.001), the number of involved nodes (< or = 3 vs > 3, P <0.0001), and no extracapsular node invasion (P <0.0001). The recommended dose of the combined radiochemotherapy regimen was generally well tolerated. The incidence of any > or = grade 3 acute toxicity (according to the WHO scale) was 13% diarrhea, 11% proctitis, 5% perineal dermatitis and 4% myelosuppression. Four (3%) patients had radiotherapy-related severe late toxicity which required surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The study provided recurrence rates and survival similar to other adjuvant radiochemotherapy regimens published in the literature. However, in view of the low 5-year survival rate recorded in stage III patients, a different approach should be investigated.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗