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Biomedical subjects

P Chabot

Publications and source records attributed to P Chabot.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Function and health status outcomes in a randomized trial comparing preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy in extremity soft tissue sarcoma.

PURPOSE: Morbidity associated with wound complications may translate into disability and quality-of-life disadvantages for patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities. Functional outcome and health status of extremity STS patients randomized in a phase III trial comparing preoperative versus postoperative RT is described. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred ninety patients with extremity STS were randomized after stratification by tumor size dichotomized at 10 cm. Function and quality of life were measured by the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Rating Scale (MSTS), the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS), and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) at randomization, 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. RESULTS: One hundred eighty-five patients had function data. Patients treated with postoperative RT had better function with higher MSTS (25.8 v 21.3, P <.01), TESS (69.8 v 60.6, P =.01), and SF-36 bodily pain (67.7 v 58.5, P =.03) scores at 6 weeks after surgery. There were no differences at later time points. Scores on the physical function, role-physical, and general health subscales of the SF-36 were significantly lower than Canadian normative data at all time points. After treatment arm was controlled for, MSTS change scores were predicted by a lower-extremity tumor, a large resection specimen, and motor nerve sacrifice; TESS change scores were predicted by lower-extremity tumor and prior incomplete excision. When wound complication was included in the model, patients with complications had lower MSTS and TESS scores in the first 2 years after treatment. CONCLUSION: The timing of RT has minimal impact on the function of STS patients in the first year after surgery. Tumor characteristics and wound complications have a detrimental effect on patient function.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Development of a robust calibration model for nonlinear in-line process data

A comparative study involving a global linear method (partial least squares), a local linear method (locally weighted regression), and a nonlinear method (neural networks) has been performed in order to implement a calibration model on an industrial process. The models were designed to predict the water content in a reactor during a distillation process, using in-line measurements from a near-infrared analyzer. Curved effects due to changes in temperature and variations between the different batches make the problem particularly challenging. The influence of spectral range selection and data preprocessing has been studied. With each calibration method, specific procedures have been applied to promote model robustness. In particular, the use of a monitoring set with neural networks does not always prevent overfitting. Therefore, we developed a model selection criterion based on the determination of the median of monitoring error over replicate trials. The back-propagation neural network models selected were found to outperform the other methods on independent test data.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Digital necrosis and lupus-like syndrome preceding ovarian carcinoma.

Since 1967, about 40 cases of digital necrosis associated with neoplasia have been reported. We report a new case of digital necrosis associated with an ovarian carcinoma and with a lupus-like syndrome. Immunologic cross-reactivity to tumoral antigen could explain the lupus-like syndrome.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1991

Multiresistant corynebacteria in bacteriuria: a comparative study of the role of Corynebacterium group D2 and Corynebacterium jeikeium.

During an 11-month prospective study, urine cultures were performed on 5685 samples obtained in three hospital units. The use of a selective medium improved the recovery of antibiotic-multiresistant corynebacteria (AMC): 703 isolates (12.4%) compared with 88 isolates (1.6%) on sheep blood agar. Corynebacterium group D2 (CGD2) was isolated in 80.5% of urines yielding greater than or equal to 10(5) AMC ml-1 whereas Corynebacterium jeikeium represented 80.2% of isolates with less than 10(5) AMC ml-1. Among 16 patients with greater than or equal to 10(5) ml-1 C. jeikeium none had signs of urinary tract infection. In contrast, among 56 patients with greater than or equal to 10(5) CGD2, 40 (71%) had abnormal urinary sediment (mainly apatite or struvite crystals) and 29 (52%) had clinical signs of urinary tract infections sometimes complicated by lithiasis (seven cases) and alkaline-encrusted cystitis (two cases).

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMed1990

Transient expression of an intermediate filament-associated protein (IFAPa-400) during in vivo and in vitro differentiation of chick embryonic cells derived from neuroectoderm.

The expression of an intermediate filament (IF) associated protein (IFAPa-400) and IF proteins was investigated during chick neurogenesis. Using immunoblots and indirect immunofluorescence we have found that IFAPa-400 was strongly expressed during the early events of nervous tissue ontogenesis and disappeared thereafter. IFAPa-400 was elevated in the brain and retina until ED 10 and until hatching in the cerebellum. This protein was shown to be transiently expressed in the Müller glia of the developing retina. In the brain, IFAPa-400 decreased as development proceeded in a way similar to vimentin but the latter remained elevated in the retina and the cerebellum radial glia (Müller and Bergmann cells). In all tissues examined, GFAP was detected long after the disappearance of IFAPa-400. In dorsal root ganglion cell cultures, IFAPa-400 and vimentin were absent from mature neurons but were coexpressed into supportive cells. In trunk neural crest cell cultures, IFAPa-400 and vimentin were present in all cells after one day but IFAPa-400 became undetectable after a few days of culture in differentiated melanocytes and catecholaminergic neurons. The transient expression of this giant cytoskeletal protein in non-differentiated cells deriving from the neuroectoderm could reflect a structural change which precedes overt cytodifferentiation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of hyperthermia on cisplatin sensitivity in human glioma and ovarian carcinoma cell lines resistant and sensitive to cisplatin treatment.

Two pairs of human tumour-cell lines consisting of a cisplatin sensitive and resistant line from glioma and ovarian carcinoma were tested to determine the effect of hyperthermia on cisplatin sensitization. Both cisplatin resistant lines were more sensitive to 42 degrees C heating than their cisplatin sensitive counterparts. The cisplatin response was dependent on cell growth phase, with plateau phase cells more sensitive than exponentially growing cells. The difference in cisplatin response between resistant and sensitive lines was also growth phase dependent and was opposite for the two cell line pairs. Hyperthermia caused about the same thermal sensitization in the plateau phase cisplatin sensitive cell lines and in the resistant lines but this too was growth-phase dependent. In exponentially growing cells hyperthermia-cisplatin sensitization was greater in the sensitive cell lines. Hyperthermia at 42 degrees C did not completely overcome cisplatin resistance but could be useful as a sensitizer in cisplatin resistant tumour cells.

Antineoplastic Agents↗