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Biomedical subjects

P Crome

Publications and source records attributed to P Crome.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Infection in the elderly: studies with lomefloxacin.

Results of trials of lomefloxacin (400 mg once daily) in elderly patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections, complicated urinary tract infections, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and as prophylaxis for transurethral surgical procedures (400 mg single dose) have been analyzed. In patients greater than or equal to 65 years of age with uncomplicated urinary tract infections, the bacterial eradication rate for lomefloxacin was 100%. In patients with complicated urinary tract infections, the bacterial eradication rate for lomefloxacin (92.2%) was statistically superior to comparator agents (84.9%, p = 0.012). In elderly patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused predominantly by gram-negative pathogens, lomefloxacin eradicated 85.2% of pathogens versus 73.8% for amoxicillin (p = 0.004). Lomefloxacin was 98% effective as a prophylactic agent in transurethral surgery. The bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of lomefloxacin was similar in young and elderly groups of patients. Lomefloxacin appears to be as effective as the comparator drugs in both young and elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The problem of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning.

In the year May 1976 to April 1977, 489 enquiries about the management of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning received at the London Centre of the National Poisons Information Service were followed-up. One hundred and sixty-four patients (33.5%) were unconscious, convulsions occurred in 62 (12.7%), hypotension in 31 (6.3%), respiratory depression in 28 (5.7%), tachydysrhythmias in 17 (3.5%) and cardiac arrest in 12 patients (2.5%). Sixteen patients died (3.3%). No statistically significant differences were found between individual antidepressants although poisoning with amitriptyline-like drugs resulted in a significantly higher proportion of unconscious patients than poisoning with imipramine-like drugs (P less than 0.01). There were more asymptomatic children than adults and more unconscious adults than children. Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning is a major clinical problem in general medical and paediatric practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Further clinical observations on the pulmonary effects of paraquat ingestion.

Five patients are reported who developed evidence of acute lung damage after proved ingestion of paraquat. In two the lung changes resolved; in one an aspiration pneumonia occurred, which was successfully treated, while two developed fatal pulmonary oedema. These pulmonary complications after paraquat intoxication appear more common than the progressive pulmonary fibrosis previously described. It is suggested that acute pulmonary oedema is a response to large doses, usually of Gramoxone, that subclinical lung changes result from small doses, usually of Weedol, and that pulmonary fibrosis occurs after intermediate doses. Preliminary data on plasma paraquat concentrations suggest that these are of value in prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effects of physostigmine on amitriptyline induced cardiotoxicity in dogs.

When 0.5 mgs of physostigmine salicylate was injected intravenously into adult beagle dogs which had been severely poisoned with amitriptyline, a transient improvement in cardiac output, systolic blood pressure, intraventricular conduction and in the maximum rate of rise of arterial blood pressure (arterial dP/dT max.) was observed. These effects were maximal at 15-20 minutes after injection and had largely disappeared 30 to 35 minutes after the injection.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1978

Effect of delayed administration of activated charcoal on nortriptyline absorption.

Activated charcoal is known to reduce the absorption of therapeutic doses of nortriptyline in vivo when administered 30 min after drug ingestion. In a group of volunteers, one sachet (10 g) of a new activated charcoal preparation, 'Medicoal' was found to produce a highly significant reduction in nortriptyline absorption when given as long as four hours after nortriptyline dosing. Activated charcoal may therefore be useful in the treatment of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning even if a delay of several hours ensues before medical help is sought.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Relationship between clinical features of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning and plasma concentrations in children.

Clinical features and drug plasma concentrations were studied in 13 children admitted to hospital with tricyclic antidepressant poisoning. Patients with plasma concentrations below 500 microgram/l had anticholinergic signs and increased reflexes but did not have convulsions or cardiac arrhythmias. Four patients with plasma concentrations above 1000 microgram/l suffered convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, or prolonged coma. The diagnosis of poisoning in 2 of these cases was made only by toxicological analysis. Quantitative estimation of tricyclic antidepressants is useful in atypical or severe poisoning both to reach the diagnosis and to give an idea of the likely duration of symptoms.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗