[Acute renal failure and nephrotic syndrome after ingestion of fenoprofen].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Deteix.
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Three cases of skin reactions that occurred in patients under oral administration of Piroxicam are reported here: one erythema-multiforme-like reaction and two cases of acute, pruriginous erythemato-papulous dermatitis, one of which with intraepidermal blister formation. No past history of skin disease could be formed; lesions spontaneously improved when the drug was stopped. Only in one patient, receiving Piroxicam and Fenoprofene, an acute nephritis was observed. The role of Piroxicam, a new non-steroid antiinflammatory agent in the pathogenesis of the skin reactions observed is discussed. However, the renal involvement formed in one case is likely due to Fenoprofene, as in previously reported cases.
A study of the clinical, etiological and histological features of the nephrotic syndrome occurring in 76 adults aged over 60 was performed. Membranous nephropathy was the most frequent type (40%). 32% of the cases of membranous nephropathy were associated with another disease which was a malignant one in 22% of the cases. In 2 cases a renal vein thrombosis was associated with the malignant disease. Amyloidosis appeared to be the most frequent cause of the secondary nephrotic syndrome (13%), and was often associated with plasma cell dyscrasia. The study also showed the importance of lipoid nephrosis among elderly patients with the nephrotic syndrome (20%). Amongst these cases it is necessary to consider the association of minimal changes with a systemic disease, and the histological diagnosis of focal hyalinosis. Indeed the presence in elderly patients of arteriolar, interstitial and glomerular lesions of hyalinosclerosis makes interpretation difficult. With corticosteroid therapy complete remission was frequent in patients with lipoid nephrosis.
A prospective randomised trial was carried out in 14 patients with severe 'idiopathic' acute crescentic glomerulonephritis. The mean percentage of crescents was 78 per cent and 11 patients were anuric at presentation. Eight patients received pulses of methylprednisolone, immunosuppressive drugs and anticoagulants and six the same therapeutic regimen plus plasma exchanges for one to two months. Mean follow-up was 22 months. Recovery was statistically better in the PE+ group (p less than 0.02), but for discontinuation of dialysis, the difference is significant only at two months (p less than 0.02), perhaps because of the small number of patients. For this reason and because all pathological subgroups cannot be analysed separately, this study is continuing.
60 patients were studied 3 months to 4 years after pregnancy. All had high pressure, gross proteinuria, and edema. In many cases, typical glomerular lesions and proteinuria disappeared rapidly. When arteriolar lesions are of grade I or II, they progressively disappear or remain unchanged and blood pressure returns to normal values. When arteriolar lesions are of grade III (endotheliitis, hyperplasia and edema of the media and subendothelial deposits), blood pressure remains at a high level or increases, without changes during the time of observation of the arteriolar lesion or of renal function.
To test the hypothesis that complement-mediated cell lysis and cell-mediated cytotoxicity operate by analogous mechanisms, cell membranes from two antibody-dependent cytotoxicity systems were examined by electron microscopy after negative staining. Ring-shaped membrane lesions generally similar to, but larger than, those previously described for complement lysis were observed. These findings are in agreement with recent measurements of larger functional pores for ADCC than complement.
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Serum beta 2 microglobulin levels were found significantly higher (3.05 +/- 0.98 mg/l) in 32 sarcoidosis patients without renal dysfunction than in normal controls (1.54 +/- 0.22 mg/l). Low levels of C1q-binding immune complexes were detected in 70% of patient's sera, despite the absence of extra-thoracic manifestations. C-reactive protein was detected in 55% of sarcoidosis sera. Neither C1q-binding immune complexes nor C-reactive protein were correlated with beta 2 microglobulin levels. Beta 2 microglobulin raised during relapses and fell under efficient corticosteroid treatment. Beta 2 microglobulin would represent a possible biological marker of disease activity.
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UNLABELLED: The chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis is associated with a high incidence of prematured cardiovascular diseases, which represents the major causes of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the interest of stress echocardiography for the detection of silent myocardial ischaemia in the chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis. METHODS: 24 dobutamine stress echocardiography have been achieved in to patients having an average old of 61 +/- 11 years, 15 men and 3 women, with an average dialysis duration of 55 +/- 27 months. Only asymptomatic patients and those presenting an anomaly during the systematic annual echocardiography supervision have been included in this retrospective work. All echocardiography enregistrements have been achieved in the same center and by the same and experimented cardiologist. RESULTS: 75% of patients had an arterial hypertension antecedents, 65% were smokers, 50% had a dyslipidemia, 38% presented an arteriopathy of the inferior members, 30% had diabetes and 22% were obese; 8 (33.5%) stress echocardiographies were negatives. 6 patients have had 2 stress echocardiographies. A coronarography was realized in 16 patients and one of those was strictly normal (6.25% were false positive). 8 patients have had an angioplasty with stent making (1 simple stent, 7 double stent); 2 coronaries by-pass have been done in 2 patients. One patients refused surgery. Insignificant atheroumatous coronary lesions have been detected in 4 patients. In this study, the stress echocardiography enabled to detect a silent myocardial ischaemia in 15/16 patients (93.7%) and to treat 10/15 patients (66.5% including 20% by surgery). CONCLUSION: The sensibility of this test must be compared to the thallium scintigraphy coupled with dipyridamole as part of a larger prospective study.
UNLABELLED: Renal vascular pathologies are important causes of the chronic renal failure progression. This work aims to define retrospectively a score based on simple clinical and paraclinical helping to select atheromatous renal stenosis affected patients; 67 patients more than 50 years old have been explored by arteriography because of degradation of the renal function or hypertension: 45 of them had one, or many, significant stenosis of the renal arteries. Were analyzed: clinical data: age, weight, sex, blood pressure, previous ateromatous lesions (cardiac, peripheral, aortic), smoking, associated diabetes; biological data: serum cholesterol and creatinine, creatinine variation under angiotensin-coverting enzyme inhibitor or sodium depletion, kaliemia; radiologic data: kidney size through scanning, renal arterial and aortic calcifications on abdominal plain films and profile. The group with and without stenosis differed considerably for age (68.9 vs 64 years old, p < 0.05), smoking (26.3 vs 11.5 packet-year, p < 0.001), variation of creatinine after sensibilisation (140 mumol/l vs 17 mumol/l, p < 0.001), presence of arterial calcification (p < 0.001). A score taking in to account these four criteria was established with performances in terms of specificity and sensibility amounted to 83%. CONCLUSION: The reliable aspect of this score enabling to define a group seriously risking a renal stenosis must be checked through a prospective study.
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