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P Dubrous

Publications and source records attributed to P Dubrous.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Value of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies in comparison with rheumatoid factor for rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis].

The detection of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) antibodies is a new marker for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. We screened 100 patients suffering from rheumatic pathologies or from other affections where rheumatoid factor is frequently detected. The screening was assessed by a second generation ELISA (Immunoscan RA) in comparison with agglutination assay (Latex and Waaler-Rose) and specific ELISA (IgM, IgG and IgA). The sensitivity of the anti-CCP is good (>70%) with an excellent specificity (98%). In our study the predictive value of the Immunoscan RA reached 71% and more among patients with joints symptoms. Anti-CCP antibody test could serve as a better diagnosis marker than rheumatoid factor.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1998

[Topicality of serologic screening of human immunodeficiency virus infections in adults].

Enzyme immunoassay is the basic method for the detection of antibodies to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In spite of the apparent facility of the serological screening, the difficulties are real at all stages of the analysis. Specimen treatment needs defined rules to avoid contamination. The products authorized are listed by the "French Drug Agency". The specificity cannot be less than 99.5%, and the sensitivity must be of 100%. Each biologist have to acquire its own experience of the tests utilised. To the very recent seroconversions, he must define decision criteria for the pursuit or not of the investigations. False positive have been observed for patients with autoimmune pathology, but was usually related to a disparity between kit lots.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1997

[Pseudomonas aeruginosa: bactericidal activity on various beta-lactam resistance phenotypes of 8 antibiotics and 7 combinations].

Bactericidal activities of 8 antibiotics (ticarcillin, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin) and of 7 combinations have been studied by time-killing curve technique for 16 Pseudomonas aeruginosa selected for their beta-lactams resistance phenotypes (3 wild strains, 5 penicillinases, 2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, 3 high level cephalosporinases and 3 non enzymatic resistance). Bactericidal activities of beta-lactams used alone were as follows: imipenem > cefepime > ceftazidime, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam > ticarcillin. All the antibiotics combinations were synergistic or additive. However, only the combination of imipenem with amikacin was bactericidal for all strains. For the strains with penicillinases, piperacillin-tazobactam was not more effective than piperacillin. For the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, we have observed a synergy with piperacillin-tazobactam and ciprofloxacin or amikacin.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1997

[Sensitivity to fosfomycin of multiresistant serotype 012 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Multicenter study].

In a multicentric study including 214 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we observed that serotype O12 is more frequently sensitive to fosfomycine than other serotypes strains (72% vs 13.2%, p < 0.000001). Time killing experiments demonstrated that combination of ceftazidime-fosfomycine and amikacine-fosfomycine have usually bactericidal and synergistic activities and could be used for the treatment of multiresistant Pa O12 infections. However, an antagonism between beta-lactams and fosfomycin in disk diffusion needs an adequate concentration of both antibiotics in the site of infection.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1996

Study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O12 isolates with a common antibiotic susceptibility pattern.

A multicentre European study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O12 isolates with a common antibiotic resistance pattern was conducted. Resistance to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides was observed in 24 of the 25 isolates, as often reported in Europe, and all 25 isolates were significantly more susceptible to fosfomycin than 189 isolates of other serotypes (72% vs. 13.2%). The mutational frequency of serotype O12 was similar to that of other serotypes and thus could not explain the susceptibility to fosfomycin. As a number of epidemiological studies using various methods, especially ribotyping with EcoRI, have shown that most strains are similar, it has been suggested that a single strain of this serotype is widespread. However, in this study ribotyping with EcoRI and PvuII distinguished seven clones among 24 ticarcillin resistant serotype O12 isolates, although one ribotype predominated (67%). Thus the hypothesis of spread of one clone across Europe cannot explain the common resistance phenotype observed in different clones of serotype O12. Resistance of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides might be explained by greater receptiveness for transposable resistance mechanisms, and susceptibility to fosfomycin by increased permeability of the outer membrane.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1996

A TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A clinical strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PAe1100, was found to be resistant to all antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics and to aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, amikacin, and isepamicin. PAe1100 produced two beta-lactamases, TEM-2 (pI 5.6) and a novel, TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase called TEM-42 (pI 5.8), susceptible to inhibition by clavulanate, sulbactam, and tazobactam. Both enzymes, as well as the aminoglycoside resistance which resulted from AAC(3)-IIa and AAC(6')-I production, were encoded by an 18-kb nonconjugative plasmid, pLRM1, that could be transferred to Escherichia coli by transformation. The gene coding for TEM-42 had four mutations that led to as many amino acid substitutions with respect to TEM-2: Val for Ala at position 42 (Ala42), Ser for Gly238, Lys for Glu240, and Met for Thr265 (Ambler numbering). The double mutation Ser for Gly238 and Lys for Glu240, which has so far only been described in SHV-type but not TEM-type enzymes, conferred concomitant high-level resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The novel, TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase appears to be the first of its class to be described in P. aeruginosa.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1995

[Antibiotic sensitivity to epidemic strains of Vibrio cholerae and Shigella dysenteriae 1 isolated in Rwandan refugee camps in Zaire].

Multiresistance or epidemic enteric bacteria to antibiotics greatly complicates treatment, and in some cases prophylaxis, of severe invasive gastroenteritis. During the summer of 1994, two epidemics of diarrhea, one due to Vibrio cholerae and the other to Shigella dysenteriae 1 isolated from the Goma and Bukavu camps was determined by measurement of the Agar Minimal Inhibitory Concentration. Multiresistance to tetracyclins, aminopenicillins, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, and nifuroxazide was observed. After intensive treatment mutant forms of both bacteria resistant to nalidixic acid rapidly appeared. Only fluoroquinolones remained active on these mutant strains, but the availability of this agent in Africa is restricted due to cost. The most effective way of preventing resistance is to limit the spread of enteric infections by health education and improvement of hygiene. This can be difficult during wartime.

Cholera↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacillus licheniformis: an unusual cause of erysipelosis].

The authors report a case of a cutaneous infection due to Bacillus licheniformis. It occurred after a wound due to a wicker splinter. The bacteriological identification was easy thanks to the very typical aspects of culture. First intention antibiotherapy given for bacterial dermo-hypodermatitis may be ineffective because Bacillus licheniformis secretes a biofilm and is frequently resistant to Beta-lactams.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Invasive infections by Streptococcus pyogenes].

Invasive infections by Streptococcus pyogenes continually increase both in France and in others industrialized countries. Because of the seriousness, the rapidity of the evolution and the epidemic potentialities, guidelines for managing these infections are requested by the Superior Council of Public Hygiene of France. The authors report herein a case of an adult stricken down by a violent evolution due to Streptococcus pyogenes. They point up how diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis for family circle are difficult.

Diagnosis, Differential↗