Biomedical subjects

P Dundr

Publications and source records attributed to P Dundr.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Expression of actin isoforms in human auricular cartilage.

The objective of this study was to determine whether human auricular chondrocytes can also express alpha-- -smooth muscle actin. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies for alpha-smooth actin, muscle-specific actin, beta-actin, S-100 protein, CD34, and desmin was performed on samples of human ear cartilage obtained from 20 individuals during a partial resection of the ear for different reasons. Moreover, the RT-PCR analysis of actin isoforms in auricular chondrocytes was performed. Approximately 60 % of the chondrocytes of the ear cartilage expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in all the examined samples. Actin-positive chondrocytes occurred in both external subperichondrial layers of the auricular cartilage. This finding was confirmed by the RT-PCR technique. The knowledge of this fact could help us to better understand the chondrocyte changes occurring during the healing and transplantation of auricular cartilage. The question of whether it is necessary to refer to these predominating cells in ear cartilage as myochondrocytes is considered. This is the first report of an unusual immunophenotype and contractile potential for human auricular chondrocytes.

Actins↗

PubMed2006

[Enucleation of intramural uterine fibroids in women at fertile age: midterm results of prospective clinical trials].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical and reproductive outcomes of patients after laparoscopic (LM) or open (OM) myomectomy. DESIGN: Prospective clinical trial. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague. METHODS: Women under the age of 40 with intramural fibroid larger than 4 cm were indicated for myomectomy. LM was performed when laparoscopy revealed solitary or 2 fibroids smaller than 8 cm; otherwise the OM was carried out. The patients were followed at 6 months intervals. RESULTS: 80 myomectomies with extirpation of 121 myomas was performed from January 2002 to April 2005. The average age was 33.5 years, average size of dominant fibroid 56 mm. 38% of women suffered from infertility; the mean follow-up was 15.6 months. We performed LM in 56 cases (70%). From 24 open procedures 18 were elective and 6 converted from laparoscopy. In 18 patients some of the fibroid--ischemization procedures (uterine arteries embolization or laparoscopic dissection, or laparoscopic myolysis) preceded myomectomy. In the group with LM there was significantly lower peri-procedural blood loss, lower count of leucocytes and CRP concentration the 2nd day after surgery, shorter stay in the hospital, shorter interval between surgery and conception, and lower incidence of early complications than in women with OM. Fibroid related symptoms fully disappeared in 76% of patients. 20 women from 38 that have already tried to conceive have achieved 22 gestations so far: 9 deliveries (2 preterm; 3 vaginal, 6 Cesarean), 6 miscarriages, 1 ectopic and 6 ongoing pregnancies at the moment. CONCLUSION: In the hands of surgeons experienced in operative laparoscopy the enucleation of intramural uterine fibroids is safe, symptomatically effective, mostly low invasive procedure with good reproductive prognosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Leiomyoma of the gastrointestinal tract with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Report of three cases.

We report three cases of leiomyoma of the gastrointestinal tract with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies similar to those characteristic of inclusion body fibromatosis (IBF). The first two cases represent leiomyoma of the stomach: one in a 70-year-old female and the other in a 72-year-old female. In both instances inclusion bodies were present in a large amount. In the third case the leiomyoma was located in the esophagus of a 63-year-old male and inclusion bodies in this case were rare. In all three cases an immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity of the tumor cells for muscle specific actin HHF35 (MSA), alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), h-caldesmon and desmin. The first case showed some inclusion bodies with positivity for cytokeratin CAM 5.2 and focal weak positivity for cytokeratin 18. In the second case the inclusion bodies were positive at the periphery with antibodies directed against MSA and SMA. In the third case the inclusion bodies were immunohistochemically entirely negative. Ultrastructurally, the inclusion bodies in the first case were composed of aggregated filaments, some with entrapped cytoplasmic organels and others with finely granular dense cores.

Actins↗

PubMed2006

[Present occurrence of benign teratoma of ovary and fallopian tube in a patient with adnexal torsion].

OBJECTIVE: The authors demonstrate the case of left adnexal torsion caused by 2 benign teratomas in its ovarian and tubal location. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Charles University, Prague. CASE: 24-years old woman underwent laparoscopy for several days lasting pain in lower abdomen and ultrasound finding of semicystic mass in the left adnexal region with suspicion of teratoma. The benign teratoma of the left ovary together with a torsion of the left Fallopian tube distended by teratoma was revealed during surgery. Left side salpingectomy and enucleation of the ovarian teratoma has been performed. This surprising finding was confirmed by histopathological examination. CONCLUSION: The acute gynaecological torsion event may be caused not only by torsion of uterine fibroid or enlarged tumorous ovary but rarely also by a teratoma of the Fallopian tube.

Adnexal Diseases↗

PubMed2005

[Interstitial cystitis--its diagnostics and treatment].

Interstitial cystitis is a chronic, non-bacterial inflammatory disorder of the wall of the urinary bladder and it manifests with very painful symptoms. Initially it can resemble a bacterial inflammation of the urinary bladder. This syndrome is characterised with motor and sensory dysfunction of the urinary bladder. The difficulties can be classified into so-called syndrome of the chronic pelvic pain. Increasing incidence, chronicity of this disorder and specific treatment leads to the reinterpretation of the chronic inflammation of the urinary tract diagnosed in the past and to the modification of the treatment of these patients. Because of the polymorphic difficulties and the psychosomatic manifestations, IC can lead to invalidity of the patient.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Desmin-positive and alpha-smooth muscle actin positive chondrocytes in human defective articular cartilage--preliminary report.

We studied the results of immunostaining for S-100 protein, alpha-smooth muscle actin, muscle specific actin and desmin in articular cartilage specimens obtained during an arthroscopy from eight patients with different degrees of osteoarthritis of the knee joint. In all cases, most of the cartilage cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein. Actin positive chondrocytes were present in four samples showing repair cartilage changes with occurrence of fibrocartilage tissue. Moreover, in one case, we observed typical desmin-positive chondrocytes in the layer of cartilage filling the defect of the articular cartilage surface. The expression of desmin can be regarded as a reaction to trauma or the indication of an inherent abnormality. The chondrocytes probably switched on smooth muscle features during the healing process, because desmin is to a great extent a typical muscle cell marker. This fact could probably support our previous supposition that cartilage cells expressing muscle markers could be designated as myochondroblasts and myochondrocytes analogously to the terminology of myofibroblasts. It is possible that during the healing of the cartilage defects, such a transformation of the immunophenotype of the cartilage cells is quite frequent, but it could also be only transient nature only.

Actins↗

PubMed2004

[A case of a patient with solitary prostate metastasis of the colorectal carcinoma three years after abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum].

AIM: The aim of this study is to present a case-review of a patient with an extremely rare finding of a solitary metastasis of the colorectal carcinoma in his prostate. METHODOLOGY: A Case-Review. RESULTS: The study describes a case of a 42-year-old patient who underwent abdominoperineal amputation for the rectal carcinoma pT3 N1 M0 with complementary actinotherapy and chemotherapy. Three years after his rectum amputation, a CT scan disclosed a hypodense focus in his prostate of unknown origin. Elevation of the CEA was found upon laboratory examination, other tumor markers including the PSA were not abnormal. The positron emission tomography (PET) did not disclose other distant foci. The patient was administered 4 courses of chemotherapy with, basically, no signs of regression in the prostate foci. Biopsy from the suspicious focus was conducted transperitoneally, followed by its histological examination which confirmed cribriform adenocarcinoma. Our team decided on salvage cystoprostatectomy, securing urine derivation by the ilium conduit. 6 months later, the CT examination showed a massive local relapse and two metastatic foci in the liver, further oncological therapy was not indicated. The patient died 7 moths after the radical cystoprostatectomy. CONCLUSION: This case-review points out a possibility of metastatic prostate affections connected to the colorectal carcinoma disorder, as well as its treatment procedures.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2004

[Initial experience in exenteration interventions in the pelvis].

OBJECTIVE: Discussion of experiences with pelvic exenterations. DESIGN: Case-report. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Urology, Department of Surgery, Department of Pathology, Department of Clinical Oncology, General Teaching Hospital and Ist Medical Faculty of the Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. METHODS: Presentation of 4 cases of pelvic exenterations. Discussion with published data. RESULTS: Altogether four cases of pelvic exenterations are presented, one case of supralevator total exenteration for recurrent cervical cancer, one case of infralevator total exenteration for recurrent vaginal cancer, one case of supralevator anterior exenteration in the treatment of locally advanced cancer of urinary bladder, and one case of supralevator posterior exenteration for recurrent vaginal cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Combined treatment of uterine myoma (uterine arteries embolization followed by laparoscopic myomectomy)].

OBJECTIVE: The treatment of uterine myoma with pretreatment of uterine arteries embolization followed by laparoscopic myomectomy is presented. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague. SUBJECT AND METHOD: Forty two years old woman with uterine myoma was "pretreated" with uterine arteries embolization followed by laparoscopic myomectomy next day. The reason for this procedure was to improve in short period conditions for surgery and definitively solve uterine pathology. CONCLUSION: The "pretreatment" with uterine arteries embolization improves basically conditions and effect of uterine myoma surgery. This "two step procedure" could be recommended mainly for cases of large and vascularizated myomas.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Immunohistochemical differentiation of leiomyocellular tumors and tumors with myogenic differentiation].

The expression of alpha smooth muscle actin, muscle specific actin, desmin, h-caldesmon, and calponin was studied immunohistochemically in the following soft tissue and bone tumours and tumour-like lesions: muscle fibromatosis, inflammatory pseudotumours, chondroblastoma, enchondroma, chondrosarcoma, fibrous dysplasia, ossifying myositis, osteoblastoma, convential osteosarcoma, leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. Tumours and tumour-like lesions with myofibroblastic cells, osteoblasts and chondroblasts frequently exhibited intensive immunoreactivity for the muscle markers, and therefore, some of them may occasionally be confused with leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. Calponin does not help to differentiate various mesenchymal tumours expressing muscle markers, because it also stains intensively myofibroblasts, osteoblasts and chondroblasts. We confirmed that h-caldesmon was expressed intensely in leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas, and never in the other tumours examined, with the exception of three chondroblastomas. The results have shown that h-caldesmon is a rather specific and sensitive marker for smooth muscle tumours, but it can also stain some actin positive myochondroblasts. It is possible that the positivity of h-caldesmon in some chondroblastomas is due to their complete myogenic transdifferentiation, and so we use the term myochondroblasts and myochondrocytes for designation of such S-100 protein, actin, and h-caldesmon positive cells.

Actins↗