Biomedical subjects

P Dusek

Publications and source records attributed to P Dusek.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Time perception in functional brain imaging].

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of physiological mechanisms underlying time perception is still rather limited. The aim of our study was to search for a 'time accumulator', i.e. the part of the brain where information on the duration of time is stored. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nine healthy volunteers were given a time reproduction task during event-related fMRI. Subjects were instructed to retain the duration of the stimulus presented (presentation phase) and then to reproduce it by pressing a button (reproduction phase). Two different analyses were made: event-related (P < 0.05, FWR corrected) and parametric (BOLD signal increase/decrease during the presentation/reproduction phases correlated with the time intervals; P < 0.01, FDR corrected). When the event-related approach was employed, activation was noted bilaterally in the inferior prefrontal cortex (IPFC), supplementary motor area (SMA), precuneus and secondary visual cortex. On the right, there was activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), gyrus cinguli and inferior parietal lobule. On the left, the primary sensory-motor cortex was activated. While during the presentation phase the left DLPFC activity inversely correlated with the presented duration, a nearly identical area showed positive correlation in the reproduction phase. CONCLUSIONS: The event-related analysis did not allow distinguishing the process of time perception from many cognitive processes running simultaneously. In turn, the parametric analysis was based on visualizing regions, in which the signal correlated with the varying duration of the time interval provided the level of attention, decision-making and the processes of behavioral response planning and execution were constant. Moreover, the right and left DLPFC seem to play different roles in time perception. While the left one is functioning as a "time accumulator", the right one is rather involved in the recognition of previously perceived intervals.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Subjective symptoms before and after prostate surgery. The International Symptom Scoring System, I-PSS].

In this thesis are evaluated the questionnaires of the I-PSS retrieved from 415 patients (TVPE 104, TURP 272, TUIP + PRP 25 and TUIP 14) operated on the BPH at the department of Urology, FN Motol, during 1988-1993. The average value of S in the whole group of patients was 18.9 in the pre-surgery period and 6.9 after surgery. Before the surgery, the prominent difficulties were recorded in 50.8% of patients (S = 20-35) and after surgery this number fell down to 7%. Without any major difficulties (S = 0-7) were 66.3% of patients after the surgery. The average value of L before and after surgery was 4.2 and 1.6 respectively. The quality of life after the surgery was perceived by the patients more convenient than should correspond to the symptom scoring value. The best results (both the average S and L) were recorded in patients after TVPE (S 5.1 and L 1.1), followed by TURP (S 7.4 and L 1.7), than TUIP + PRP (S 8.4 and L 2.1) and only TUIP alone closed scale (S 8.9 and L 2.4). The differences of postsurgery S and L are statistically significant (p < 0.05). The comparison between the subjective better performance and the quality of life, when taken from TVPE resp. TURP point of view, does not prove to be the statistical difference. The comparison between S changes after the standard operation (TVPE and TURP) and minor prostatic surgery (TUIP + PRP and TUIP) also does not occur as statistically significant. Only the quality of life (L changes) is recorded by the patients as significantly worse after the minor prostatic surgery (p < 0.05). The pre-surgery worst perceived symptoms are: weak stream, nycturia and polakisuria (questions Nr. 5.7 and 2). After the surgery, nycturia is the leading worst symptom.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Results of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

The authors have evaluated the results of the BPH surgery in the computer study on 669 patients (out of them 181 after TVPE and 488 after TURP) operated on at the department of Urology, FN Motol during 1988-1992. The average age of the patients was 70.6 years. The occult cancer was found in 6.7%. The incidence of bladder stones rose with the age (in the 8th decade at the quarter of patients). The average weight of the resected tissue was 63.7 gms in TVPE and 16.7 gms in TURP and it rose with the age. The average surgery time 47.1 mins at TVPE and 50.8 mins at TURP did not change statistically. The average demand on the blood transfusion was higher at TVPE (440.1 mls) than at TURP (95.5 mls) and rose with the resected tissue. The death rate was 0.5% among all the patients included (TVPE 0, TURP 0.6%). All three patients after TURP died from myocardial infarction. In this thesis is evaluated the number of early and late complications (incl. the transient incontinence), which have occurred in five consecutive years. The total morbidity was 27.2% and the further surgery was necessary in 2.8% after TVPE and 5.7% after TURP respectively. The pre-surgery performance status was aggravated in 79.4% of patients. In spinal anesthesia was operated on in 84.2% (subarachnoidal 56.5% and epidural 27.7%) and in general anesthesia in only 15.8% of patients. The pre-surgery urinary infection was found in 38.7% and after operation in 29.3%. Out of the latter, 30% were nosocomials. This was in accordance with the higher rate of late complications after both types of operations.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Sexual consequences of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

In this thesis are evaluated the sexual questionnaires retrieved from 412 patients (TVPE 101, TURP 272, TUIP + PRP 25, TUIP 14), who had been operated on during 1988-1993 for the BPH at the department of Urology, FN Motol. Before the surgery, 69.7% of patients were sexually active yet (28.6% regularly, 41% irregularly). Without sexual intercourse were 29.9% in the time of surgery and 2 patients (0.5% did not respond the questions. The sexual activity was rapidly declining in the 7th decade, in the 8th decade still 41% of the patient argued sexual activity prior to surgery. The libido remained unchanged in 62.9%, worsened in 24.3% and improved in 10.7%. The changes in libido was neither parallel to the aging nor the type of prostatic surgery. After the surgery, the intercourse was admitted only by 49.3% of patients. Without any intercourse remained 50%. The difference compared to the pre-surgery responds is statistically proved (p < 0.01). The erectile dysfunction seemed to be the main cause of sexual intercourse decline. The impotence margin after TVPE or TURP is not statistically significant. On the other hand, the reawakening of the sexual activity at the patients, who had already not experienced intercourse preoperatively, was recorded only in 6 cases (1.5%). The unchanged ejaculation after surgery argued 13.1% of patients, the weaker ejaculation was recorded in 21.6% of patients and ejaculation was completely absent in 62.4% (retrograde ejaculation). Between TVPE and TURP was no significant margin found. The ejaculation damage after minimal prostatic surgery (TUIP + PRP and TUIP alone) is significantly minor (p < 0.01) than after the standard prostatectomy (TVPE and TURP).

Aged↗