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P Dykstra

Publications and source records attributed to P Dykstra.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Safety, immunogenicity, and transmissibility of single-dose live oral cholera vaccine strain CVD 103-HgR in 24- to 59-month-old Indonesian children.

Recombinant A-B+ Vibrio cholerae O1 strain CVD 103-HgR is a safe, highly immunogenic, single-dose live oral vaccine in adults in industrialized countries. Safety, excretion, immunogenicity, vaccine transmissibility, and environmental introduction of CVD 103-HgR were investigated among 24- to 59-month-old children in Jakarta. In 81 households, 1 child was randomly allocated a single dose of vaccine (5 x 10(9) cfu) and another, placebo. Additionally, 139 unpaired children were randomly allocated vaccine or placebo. During 9 days of follow-up, diarrhea or vomiting did not occur more often among vaccines than controls. Vaccine was minimally excreted and was isolated from no controls and from 1 (0.6%) of 177 unvaccinated family contacts. A 4-fold or higher rise in serum vibriocidal antibody was observed in 75% of vaccines (10-fold rise in geometric mean titer over baseline). Of 135 paired placebo recipients or household contacts, 5 had vibriocidal seroconversions. Moore swabs placed in sewers and latrines near 97 households failed to detect vaccine. These observations pave the way for a large-scale field trial of efficacy.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

Old and lonely?

The purpose of the present study was first, to assess the incidence of loneliness among older adults in light of gender, marital status, age and health, and second, to assess the associations between loneliness and a) descriptive characteristics and b) evaluations of the respondents' personal relationships. Interviews were conducted with 461 men and women, aged 65 and over, and living either at home or in institutions. The results show that it is necessary to examine the combined effects of marital status, gender, age and health in order to adequately assess the incidence of loneliness among older individuals. The study also reveals that an evaluation of the quality of personal relationships contributes more to the study of the incidence of loneliness than describing their characteristics.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Friendships among the elderly].

The present study examined whether the specific functions that are generally ascribed to friends, are also fulfilled by other types of close relationships. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 46 men and women between the ages of 65 and 75, and living in their own homes. The majority of the romantic partners, sons (in-law), daughters (in-law), other relatives and neighbours were considered to be 'like friends'. Clear differences were found between the people who were friends or who were like friends, on the one hand, and the people who were not considered as such, on the other hand. People who were friends or like friends, shared more intimate feelings, and provided more self-esteem support and instrumental help. The findings indicate that relationships that have their origins in the family-network or in the neighbourhood, can play the role of friends. Older men and women should be encouraged to intensify these relationships.

Aged↗