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Biomedical subjects

P E Berger

Publications and source records attributed to P E Berger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

A system for reporting the size and location of lesions in the spine.

STUDY DESIGN: A description of a method for standardizing the nomenclature used in reporting the size and location of lesions in the lumbar or thoracic spine is presented. OBJECTIVES: To make the reporting of findings on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans simpler and more accurate. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Over the past 10 years, three other systems have been proposed, and parts of each have been incorporated in this system. METHODS: This is a multicenter report. A group of 12 prominent physicians, including radiologists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, and physiatrists, at 11 centers collaborated in the formulation of this system. RESULTS: In this system, areas in the axial plane, i.e., medial to lateral, are called "zones," and in the caudocranial direction, they are called "levels." The zones are the central canal zone, the subarticular zone, the foraminal zone, and the extraforaminal zone. In the caudocranial direction, the levels from above downward are the suprapedicle level, the pedicle level, the infrapedicle level, and the disc level. The size of a lesion can be rated by the descriptive words normal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe, or by the numbers 1 to 5, with the number 1 indicating normal and the number 5 indicating severe. CONCLUSIONS: The authors of the present study believe that all health care professionals who care for the spine will find this nomenclature valuable in communicating with each other, in writing medical reports, in presenting reports at meetings, or in writing scientific articles.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Occult osseous lesions documented by magnetic resonance imaging associated with anterior cruciate ligament ruptures.

Magnetic resonance images (MRI) were performed within three weeks of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture on 75 skeletally mature patients. Occult bony lesions were documented in 64 (85%) of the patients. Of the 64 patients with bone injuries, 83% had lesions of the lateral compartment. The lateral femoral condyle was involved in 50%, and the lateral tibial plateau was injured in 50% of the patients with changes. Nineteen of the 64 patients had more than one area of bony injury. Although the majority of bony lesions resolve, permanent alterations remained in some cases. This study has implications that may affect rehabilitation and the long-term prognosis in those patients with extensive bony and associated articular cartilage injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

MRI demonstration of radiographically occult fractures: what have we been missing?

During the course of MRI examinations of the knee for possible internal derangement, the hip for avascular necrosis, and the shoulder for rotator cuff tears, we have encountered many examples of unsuspected fractures of the tibial plateau, femoral condyles, pelvis, hip and proximal humerus. These fractures were either radiographically inapparent or demonstrated very subtle abnormalities that were missed on prospective interpretation. In addition, a large number of patients have been found to demonstrate evidence of intraosseous trabecular disruption, or edema and hemorrhage of medullary bone, or stress type injuries, all of which are radiographically occult. The clinical significance of these osseous abnormalities varies and is dependent upon the degree of injury. It is believed that an awareness of these osseous abnormalities will improve the accuracy of MRI interpretation, will heighten an appreciation of the subtle radiographic abnormalities that may be present, and will improve patient evaluation and management.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

High resolution surface coil magnetic resonance imaging of the spine: normal and pathologic anatomy.

In a brief two year period, magnetic resonance imaging of the spine has developed from a single slice, low signal/noise ratio, extremely time consuming technique to a multiplanar, high resolution examination that can be performed in a time frame similar to that of CT imaging. MR has already assumed a primary imaging role in myelopathic states. It is premature to evaluate its place vis-a-vis CT and myelography in many other disease states of the spine, but clearly, MR is assuming an ever expanding role. As technical improvements continue, it is perhaps realistic to predict that magnetic resonance will, in the near future, assume a dominant role in the imaging of the spine for the demonstration of most types of spinal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Preterm very-low-birth-weight neonates: relationship of EEG to intracranial hemorrhage, perinatal complications, and developmental outcome.

EEGs were performed on 102 preterm low-birth-weight neonates within the first 7 days of life. Babies were later separated into those without intracranial hemorrhage, those who had only subependymal hemorrhage (SEH), and those with intraventricular/intracerebral hemorrhage. The incidence and types of EEG abnormalities, 42% overall and including positive rolandic sharp waves, did not differ in the three groups. The incidence and distribution of EEG abnormalities between groups were not influenced by perinatal events. Developmental follow-up of 73 patients was similarly not correlated with neonatal EEG results, although the most severe EEG abnormalities were associated with subsequent mortality or morbidity.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1985

Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney: a case report.

Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney may simulate other pediatric renal tumors radiographically but it has a characteristic clinical course with a high incidence of intracranial tumors. This clinical course and its implications for prognosis and radiographic work-up are discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Multifocal nephroblastomatosis: clinical significance and imaging.

The correlation between nephroblastomatosis and Wilms' tumor has been established in the pathology literature. Two cases of multifocal nephroblastomatosis in the kidney contralateral to a Wilms' tumor are presented. The importance of these lesions and their recognition is discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

Childhood diskitis: computed tomographic findings.

The spectrum of computed tomographic findings in seven children with diskitis is reported. Paravertebral inflammatory masses, intraspinal (epidural) soft-tissue extension with thecal sac deformity, and psoas involvement with abscess were demonstrated in 7/7, 6/7, and 1/7 patients, respectively. Plain radiographic findings of disk space narrowing and vertebral end-plate destruction were confirmed by CT in all cases. Follow-up CT in two patients revealed persistent bone destruction despite resolution of soft-tissue inflammation and clinical abnormalities. CT proved most useful in the diagnosis of early and atypical cases. The CT spectrum of childhood diskitis may simulate other diseases, including neoplasm, tuberculosis, and disk herniation. While CT is not routinely indicated in typical childhood diskitis, it may confirm the diagnosis in those patients with atypical clinical presentation or nonspecific plain radiographs, and exclude other lesions in patients unresponsive to routine treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Abrikosov's tumor of the tongue associated with a sialometaplasia lesion].

One case of Abrikossof's tumor of the tongue associated with sialometaplasia is reported. The autors discuss the histogenesis of the granular-cell tumor. Actually, most of the autors agree to acknowledge a neurogene origin of the tumor: the typical granular cell of the myoblastoma, first described by Abrikossof, would originate from the schwann's cell, due to the ultrastructural morphological likeness of these cells with the phagocytic form of the schwann's cell.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

CT of blunt abdominal trauma in childhood.

Computed tomography (CT) was performed on 23 children who had sustained moderate or severe blunt abdominal trauma. The major advantages of CT over excretory urography, sonography, and radionuclide imaging include superior anatomic detail and ability to visualize all organs, the peritoneal cavity, and retroperitoneum simultaneously. In suspected renal injury, CT best defines the extent of parenchymal injury and provides an easy method for accurate follow-up when conservative management is elected. Angiography is necessary for direct demonstration of vascular injury, for demonstration of active bleeding, and in therapeutic embolization of active bleeding sites. CT seems well suited to evaluation of the liver and retroperitoneum. Evaluation of the spleen has been satisfactory, but may be less accurate because of potential pitfalls. Duodenal hematomas are best evaluated by the upper gastrointestinal series. For CT scanning of the traumatized child to be of maximum value, intravenous contrast enhancement and meticulous attention to technique is necessary.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1980

Computed tomography and ultrasound of renal and perirenal diseases in infants and children. Relationship to excretory urography in renal cystic disease, trauma and neoplasm.

Forty-seven infants and children had excretory urography, ultrasound, and computed tomography with the renal and perirenal areas as the primary regions of interest. Ultrasound is an excellent screening procedure and is often diagnostic especially in renal cystic disease. Computed tomography best demonstrated the extent of renal injury and best delineated the geography, character, and extent of solid renal and perirenal neoplasms (screened by ultrasound). Excretory urography in these patients was at times incorrect, often underestimated the extent of the pathologic process, and is often unnecessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Computed tomography and the occult tracheobronchial foreign body.

Four children with occlut tracheobronchial foreign bodies were examined by computed tomography (CT) in order to establish whether CT is superior to plain radiography and xeroradiography in visualizing foreign bodies, as in vitro data suggest. In three patients the foreign body was localized by CT. CT is not recommended as a routine in the diagnosis of tracheobronchial foreign bodies but can be of value in the more difficult cases.

Bronchography↗