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Biomedical subjects

P E Brander

Publications and source records attributed to P E Brander.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Nocturnal oxygen saturation and sleep quality in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during treatment with moderate dose CR-theophylline.

The effect of a 24-h controlled-release (CR) preparation of theophylline (Th) on nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and sleep quality has been evaluated in 7 patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a double-blind cross-over experiment; median values: age 61 y; PaO2 8.0 kPa; PaCO2 5.8 kPa. During treatment with 450-900 mg Th in the evening, morning plasma drug levels ranged from 5.2-12.9 micrograms.ml-1. During Th and placebo treatment, the median evening FEV1 was 0.45 l and 0.46 l, respectively, and the morning FEV1 was 0.53 l and 0.41 l. Sleep was monitored by whole-night polysomnographic recording of oximetric SaO2, airflow, respiratory and body movements (static charge sensitive bed), eye movements and submental electromyogram. There was no significant difference between Th and placebo in sleep quality. Th treatment was associated with a marginal improvement in nocturnal oxygenation in most of the patients; the average nocturnal SaO2 ranged from 84.4%-92.8% during Th and from 82.2-90.5% during placebo treatment, respectively. Only in the morning, during the last 2 h in bed, was the slight difference in SaO2 statistically significant in favour of Th. It is concluded that a moderate dose of CR-theophylline did not alter the sleep quality or substantially improve nocturnal oxygenation in patients with advanced COPD and mild to moderate day-time hypoxaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Nocturnal oxygen saturation in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after a moderate dose of ethanol.

The effect of a moderate oral dose of ethanol/(0.5 g.kg-1 body weight) on nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was evaluated in nine male patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), (median forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 0.9 l, arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) 9.3 kPa, arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) 5.3 kPa). During the four study nights (two after alcohol and two after placebo intake), the patients were monitored by whole-night computerized recordings of SaO2 (Biox-oximeter), airflow (thermistors) and respiratory as well as body movements (static charge sensitive bed). After alcohol intake, the mean blood ethanol concentration (SEM) in the evening was 42(2.3) mg.100 ml-1. Alcohol intake was associated with a marginal deterioration of nocturnal oxygenation; the mean (SEM) nocturnal SaO2 was 88.4(2.0) % after alcohol ingestion and 89.1(1.6) % after placebo ingestion, respectively. Only during the first 2 h in bed was there a statistically significant difference in SaO2 in favour of placebo (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that moderate alcohol intake in the evening, corresponding to "social" drinking, did not substantially aggravate nocturnal oxygenation in our patients with advanced COPD and mild to moderate daytime hypoxaemia.

Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Fire-eater's lung.

Acute pneumonitis following aspiration of petroleum products is usually related to accidental poisonings in children. We describe here two cases of hydrocarbon pneumonitis in fire-eaters, caused by accidental aspiration of petroleum during the performance of fire-eating. Both patients had cough, dyspnoea, chest pain and fever. Chest X-rays showed basal lung infiltrates and, 2 weeks later, pneumatocele formations. Reversible bronchial hyperresponsiveness and restrictive ventilatory limitation were demonstrated in one of the patients. The bronchoalveolar lavage specimen showed cytoplasmic vacuolation of the macrophages and neutrophilia. After treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids the symptoms disappeared and the lung function values returned to normal within 2-3 weeks. Radiological resolution of the pneumatoceles occurred within 2-12 months.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Nocturnal oxygen saturation and body movement in asthmatics treated with controlled-release preparations of theophylline or terbutaline.

Nine adult asthmatics with a history of nocturnal symptoms and with morning dips in peak expiratory flow (PEF) were treated for 10-14 days with 24-h controlled-release preparation of theophylline (Th), or a controlled-release preparation of terbutaline (Te), in a double-blind cross-over experiment. During treatment with 450-900 mg Th in the evening morning, plasma drug levels ranged from 53-95 (mean 73) mumol/l. The Te dose was 7.5 mg twice daily. Morning PEF values during Th (mean 338 l.min-1) and Te (316 l.min-1) were not significantly different. There were no significant differences between the treatments in average nocturnal oximetric O2 saturation (91.9% during Th and 91.0% during Te), or the amount of nocturnal body movement, recorded with a static charge sensitive bed (total number of movements 146 during Th and 120 during Te). No difference between the treatments was seen with respect to assessment by the subjects of sleep quality, which was considered fair or good. The findings suggest that in moderately severe asthma, nocturnal oxygenation and sleep quality were similar during the two treatments.

Adult↗