Teaching students psychotherapy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
P E Fitzpatrick
Publications and source records attributed to P E Fitzpatrick.
Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate gland: value of 12 versus 6 cores.
We investigated the effect on prostate carcinoma detection of 12 versus 6 core biopsies at transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), when all biopsies are taken from the lateral peripheral zone. This was a prospective study of 202 consecutive men, ages 51 to 81 years, referred for TRUS-guided biopsy of the prostate gland. All patients had prostate serum antigen levels higher than 4.0 ng/mL and/or abnormal digital rectal examination. In each case three biopsies were taken from the peripheral zones of the right and left lobes of the prostate. Biopsies were taken at the apex, midway between the apex and the base, and at the base. A second set of biopsies was taken from the same regions and analyzed separately. In total, twelve biopsies were taken. Note was subsequently made of additional carcinoma diagnosis increase in Gleason grade, and new diagnoses of carcinoma in the opposite side of the gland diagnosed on the second set of biopsies alone. Seventy-eight of the 202 men (38.6%) had prostatic carcinoma diagnosed on TRUS-guided biopsy. Of these 78 patients, six were diagnosed with malignancy based on the second set of biopsies alone, a 2.9% increase in the 202 patients, representing an increased yield of 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 5.3-28.6%). In nine cases (12.5%; 95% confidence interval, 6.2-22.9%), the Gleason tumor grade was increased on the second set of sextant biopsies; in an additional nine cases, carcinoma was detected in the opposite side of the gland. There were two complications (1%). A 12- versus six-core biopsy strategy for TRUS-guided biopsy of the prostate gland improves detection and histologic grading of prostate carcinoma. The added benefit of additional biopsies was lower in this series than in some prior studies using extensive biopsy protocols.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Risk factors for carriage of Neisseria meningitidis during an outbreak in Wales.
In a school outbreak of meningococcal disease in Wales, we compared risk factors for the carriage of Neisseria meningitidis B15 P1.16 with carriage of any meningococci. Students had throat swabs and completed a questionnaire. Sixty (7.9%) carried meningococci; risk for carriage was higher in those >14 years of age.
Adolescent↗
Factors associated with the decision to breast-feed among Irish women.
On the day of discharge from the postnatal ward a questionnaire was administered to 100 consecutive breastfeeding mothers (BRM) and 100 consecutive bottle-feeding mothers (BOTM). The significant results were as follows. BRM were older than BOTM, were more likely to come from social classes I and II, to be married, to be living with their partner, to have received third level education and to have attended semi-private/private clinics. BRM were less likely to smoke, more likely to have planned their pregnancy, to have been breastfed themselves and to have at least one sibling who was breastfed. They were also more likely to have a sister/sister-in law and a close friend who breastfed, to have discussed infant feeding with their partner and to have been encouraged to breast-feed by him. The reason most commonly quoted for breastfeeding was that it was better for the baby while that for bottle-feeding was that it was more convenient.
Adult↗
Profile of patients attending a Dublin adolescent antenatal booking clinic.
A structured computer-coded questionnaire was administered to 120 consecutive teenage mothers attending a public adolescent antenatal clinic in order to examine their sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behaviour. The mean age of teenagers attending the clinic was 17.7 years (range: 14-19); only 5 (4.1%) were under 16 years. The mean gestation at booking was 16.4 weeks (range: 6.34); 90 (75%) had unreliable menstrual dates; 29 (24.2%) were over 20 weeks, 18 (68.9%) of these saying that they were afraid to attend hospital earlier. Ninety seven (80.8%) said that they had just one sexual partner to date and 105 (87.5%) said that they were involved in a continuing relationship with the father of the baby. Conception occurred within the first year of the relationship in 110 (91.6%). One hundred and seventeen (88.2%) were from social classes III-V, 15 (12.5%) were still at secondary school and 59 (49.2%) were unemployed. Of the 105 (87.5%) who had left school 80% had not sat the Leaving Certificate and 10% had not undertaken any state examinations. Sixty seven (55.8%) continued to smoke and 29 (24.2%) to drink alcohol during pregnancy. Sixty two mothers (51.7%) had used contraception in the past; only 33 (27.5%) had used it always. The age of first coitus, fertility awareness and the use of contraception were significantly influenced by social class and education. This study highlights the necessity for early commencement of sexual education programmes.
Adolescent↗