Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Elbaze.
Rhodococcus equi is an easily missed opportunistic infection in patient infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. We report one case with lung abscess in a patient with AIDS with literature review.
We sequenced nearly complete small-subunit rRNAs of 54 reference strains belonging to the genera Vibrio, Photobacterium, Aeromonas, and Plesiomonas. We then performed a phylogenetic analysis by comparing the sequences which we obtained with all other known sequences for bacteria belonging to the gamma subgroup of the Proteobacteria (thus providing a data base consisting of 70 sequences for the genera investigated), using methods such as neighbor joining, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony, as well as bootstrap, to assess the robustness of each topology. Our results confirmed that the family Vibrionaceae should include only Photobacterium and Vibrio species (but not Vibrio marinus); that Aeromonas species deserve family rank; and that Plesiomonas shigelloides is linked to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The genera Vibrio, Photobacterium, Aeromonas, and Plesiomonas, together with the family Enterobacteriaceae, the family Pasteurellaceae, and probably the genus Alteromonas, form a robust monophyletic unit within the gamma 3 subgroup of the Proteobacteria.
We describe 2 patients who injected themselves with the same brown heroin a few days before hospitalization. The first patient presented with characteristic oculo-cutaneous candidiasis. Blood samples remained sterile during the so-called 'septicemic syndrome' which represents the first phase of this syndrome and were positive for Candida albicans only when cutaneous nodules developed. The second patient was hospitalized for a stomach perforation and had no cutaneous or ocular candida involvement. Both patients were unusually colonized by C. albicans on their skin (particularly on hairy zones). These observations support the hypothesis that the skin may constitute the reservoir for C. albicans in oculo-cutaneous candidiasis.
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Sixty cases of septicaemia treated with pefloxacin, alone (30) or in combination with other antibiotics (30) were analysed retrospectively. A satisfactory outcome was achieved in 33 (87%) of 38 evaluable Gram-negative septicaemias (including success in 25 of 29 treated with pefloxacin alone) and in 15 of 21 staphylococcal septicaemias, mainly treated with combinations of antibiotics. Failures and relapses were associated with a variety of local or systemic underlying conditions.
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Ornithine decarboxylase activity was measured in skin from 14 normal and 24 psoriatic subjects (with stable plaque type psoriasis vulgaris) using punch biopsies carried out immediately (0 h) and 6 h after stimulation by cellotape stripping. At 0 h, no significant difference was found between normal and involved or uninvolved psoriatic skin, but a significant increase was measured 6 h after tape stripping. This increase was significantly greater in uninvolved and involved psoriatic skin compared with normal skin. Preliminary results indicated that these changes were localized in the epidermis.
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Following the observation, in a patient with leukemia, of a factitious hypoglycemia that was related to in vitro glucose consumption by leukocytes, a study of glucose fall in vitro in the blood of 17 patients with leukemia of various types and with various grades of leukocytosis was undertaken. Results show that in vitro glucose consumption is linked to the intensity of leukocytes concentration, and is independant of the type of leukocyte. Factitious hypoglycemia may thus frequently occur in patients with high blood leukocyte count. This phenomenon, that was previously described, is again of interest to day because many laboratories do not yet use any more glycolysis inhibitors that partially inhibit it. Indeed, these inhibitors interfere with measures of other biological parameters that are simultaneously determined in autoanalysers.
Following the observation, in a patient with leukemia, of a factitious hypoglycemia that was related to in vitro glucose consumption by leukocytes, a study of glucose fall in vitro in the blood of 17 patients with leukemia of various types and with various grades of leukocytosis was undertaken. Results show that in vitro glucose consumption is linked to the intensity of leukocytes concentration, and is independent of the type of leukocyte. Factitious hypoglycemia may thus frequently occur in patients with high blood leukocyte count. This phenomenon, that was previously described, is again of interest to day because many laboratories do not yet use any more glycolysis inhibitors that partially inhibit it. Indeed, these inhibitors interfere with measures of other biological parameters that are simultaneously determined in autoanalysers.
Three cases of mushroom growers lung, responding to the criteria for an extrinsic allergic alveolitis, have been observed in the Hôpital Bichat, Paris. In the first case, a "semi-delayed" hypersensitivity phenomenon of type III was evoked, an "immediate" type I phenomenon in case 2, and an association of the two in the third case. Clinical manifestations may develop very rapidly in subjects working in areas where they are exposed to a high inoculum of fungal products. Multiple antigens are involved: Psalliota, actinomycetes of different varieties, manure substrate, fungal spores, bacteria, cereal dust, etc. A recognized occupational disease, it leads to a change in activity and the right to compensation.
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