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Biomedical subjects

P Eskelinen

Publications and source records attributed to P Eskelinen.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

[Methodologic studies in dynamic EMG mapping based on the Hilbert transformation].

On the basis of Discrete Hilbert Transformation spectral parameters for dynamic EMG analysis can be introduced. Within analysis intervals which are used in the same manner as in spectral analysis, the momentary power of EMG frequency bands can be computed as time series of the same interval duration. A close connection exists between momentary power and the current phenomenology of power spectral analysis because the momentary power of a defined frequency band can be seen as the exact dynamic equivalent of the corresponding mean power value deduced from the power spectrum. A multichannel EMG recording (greater than or equal to 16 channels) makes the representation of the topographical distribution of the spectral parameter by a coloured map possible. Additionally, the momentary power can be used to calculate map sequences. In this way, changes of EMG activity can be quantified by map sequences of an arbitrary time resolution. By calculation of momentary frequency via DHT an artefact detection scheme for ECG interference can be suggested. A completion of this methodology can be carried out by applications of adaptive filtration procedures. Using this concept of EMG processing, a new and common methodical basis of EMG power spectral analysis can be introduced.

Brain Mapping

Does ephedrine influence newborn neurobehavioural responses and spectral EEG when used to prevent maternal hypotension during caesarean section?

The recovery of 16 infants born by elective caesarean section with spinal anaesthesia, in which either ephedrine or fluid load was used to prevent maternal hypotension, were studied using Scanlon's neurobehavioural tests and a computerized EEG. Neurobehavioural testing showed no differences between the ephedrine and the non-ephedrine groups of infants at ages of 3 h, 1 day, 2 days and 4-5 days, whereas the spectral EEG showed significant differences between the two groups during the first 2 h after delivery, which had disappeared 24 h later. It is suggested that small doses of ephedrine given to the mother i.v. to prevent hypotension during spinal anaesthesia have short-lived effects on the neonate's central nervous system, which will be detected in the spectral EEG, but not in neurobehavioural tests.

Adult

Effects of anaesthesia for caesarean section on the computerized EEG of the neonate.

The effects of anaesthetic techniques and drugs on 18 neonates born after elective Caesarean section were studied, employing computerized EEG. Three different groups, epidural, spinal and general anaesthesia, were compared with each other and with a control group after normal vaginal delivery. A new computerized EEG method, Zero Band Power Rate (ZBPR) analysis, was devised for this study and implemented together with conventional spectral EEG estimates of five frequency bands. ZBPR analysis was found to be much more sensitive than conventional spectral analyses for detecting differences between the study groups. Significant differences occurred between the general anaesthesia group and the epidural and control groups and also between the spinal group and the epidural and control groups. No significant difference was seen between the epidural group and the control group. Significant differences were attributed to the clinical use of two drugs: thiopentone in the general anaesthesia group and ephedrine in the spinal group. The effects of these drugs on the neonatal EEG were reflected in decreased ZBPR values, particularly during sleep.

Adolescent