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Biomedical subjects

P Faul

Publications and source records attributed to P Faul.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Activity of antiseptic catheter lubricants against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)].

In recent years, general and urinary tract infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have became an increasing problem worldwide. Catheterization of the urinary bladder is one of the most significant risk factors for MRSA contamination of the urine. In vitro tests have documented the antimicrobial activity of the catheter lubricants Instillagel and Endosgel against MRSA specimens within 5 min. These findings support recommending the use of these lubricants in high-risk patients in hospitals and old people's homes for prophylaxis of MRSA bacteriuria.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Current therapy of prostate carcinoma].

Despite the high incidence and the intensive research, the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach for prostatic carcinoma (PCA) is still controversial. PSA and its new subtests allow earlier diagnosis of PCA. No rigid guidelines can be given concerning therapy. The therapeutic regimen has always to be adapted to the patient's individual needs and situation. For organ-confined and progressive disease, new concepts have been introduced. They seem to improve quality of life rather than to achieve prolonged survival.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1993

Video TUR: raising the gold standard. New aspects, techniques and tendencies to minimize invasiveness.

Video TUR is a new and convenient technique of transurethral surgery in which resection is performed under visual control provided by a camera and a monitor. The method involves fewer risks for the patient and less discomfort for the surgeon. The postoperative stricture rate of the urethra could be reduced from 6 to 1% by using a new double-sheath continuous flow resectoscope (Olympus).

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Problems and principles of hormone therapy of advanced prostate cancer].

The availability of hormones with few side effects has enlarged the indication for their use: In the presence of metastases, primary endocrine treatment which includes orchiectomy as standard therapy is employed with palliative intent. Adjuvant endocrine treatment is given after radical prostatectomy when positive margins or lymph nodes were present. A salvage endocrine treatment is administered if the primary tumor persists after radiotherapy or recurred after prostatectomy. The term diagnostic hormone treatment is misleading and should not be used. A secondary hormone application is supported by the observation that allaged hormone resistant tumor progressed after testosterone injection. The problem of early versus delayed endocrine therapy is unsolved, however, it is conceivable that the latter therapy is confronted with a larger tumor burden. The principle of endocrine treatment is properly described as means suppressing the androgenic stimuli. There are 5 different routes of androgen deprivation, among which the antiandrogens and LH RH analogs have the highest priority. Phase III-studies are under way to clarify their efficacy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Autologous blood replacement in urology].

In a total number of 67 urological operations (24 transurethral resections of the prostate, 30 transvesical resections of the prostate, 13 radical prostatectomies) intraoperative blood loss was saved, cleaned, and reinfused to the patients as washed, packed red blood cells with a "Cell Saver" (Haemonetics). Patients with preoperative urinary tract infection were excluded from reinfusion in transurethral resections of the prostate. Although radical prostatectomy is oncologic surgery we consider it an ideal possibility for intraoperative autotransfusion. Based on our experience, autotransfusion seems to be warranted also in urological surgery.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1990

[Video-guided TUR].

Video-TUR has become a very important new technique in urology, causing far less discomfort than conventional techniques for the surgeon. A mini-chip camera (Olympus OTVS-2) is attached to the lens system of a continuous-flow resectoscope (Olympus). A television monitor (Sony PVM 1442) provides reliable guidance for the cutting loop when resection is necessary for the treatment of benign hypertrophy or carcinoma of the prostate or carcinoma of the bladder. To maintain a good intravesical flow system, which is very important for a clear field of view, a suprapubic cystostomy should be placed. The surgeon sits in a comfortable position with both eyes on the screen so that eye-strain, back pain and mental stress can be reduced. The excellent depth perception is due to a 50-times enlargement by the camera, so that tissue-orientated TUR is possible. Even when it is not possible to place the patient in an optimal position, because of scrotal hernia or coxarthrosis, TUR can still easily be performed. In 120 transurethral prostate resections and 30 transurethral bladder tumour resections, the video technique has proved comfortable for the surgeon and safe for the patient. Video-TUR has been helpful in the presentation of this technique in urologic teaching. TUR of the prostate has been freed from much of its mystique, since the procedure can be watched while it is in progress. The video technique has opened up a new epoch in endourology, whose importance cannot yet be realized.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Autologous blood transfusion in urology].

In a total of 67 urological patients (24 transurethral resections of the prostate, 30 transvesical resections of the prostate and 13 radical prostatectomies) the blood lost during the operation was collected by using the Haemonetics cell saver, washed and cleaned of cells, haemoglobin and plasma haemoglobin and retransfused to the patients in the form of erythrocyte concentrate. When patients lose a large volume of blood, the lost plasma volume and the lost clotting factors must be substituted: in addition to electrolyte and colloidal solutions we use autologous fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Preoperatively we usually obtain FFP from the patient by plasmapheresis. All patients have tolerated the preoperative plasmapheresis very well and also the subsequent retransfusion of the intraoperatively saved autologous blood. Only 1 patient (who unexpectedly suffered a postoperative haemorrhage) received homologous blood; in other cases no homologous transfusion became necessary despite blood losses of up to 4500 ml.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1985

[Metastatic involvement of pelvic lymph nodes in relation to the morphological differentiation grade and clinical status of prostatic cancer].

The relationship of cytological and histological grade and local tumour extent to pelvic lymph node involvement was assessed surgically in 92 patients, who underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy alone (31 cases) or together with radical retropubic prostatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate (61 cases). A direct correlation was observed between the histological and cytological grade and clinical stage and node involvement. A total of 26% complications were observed after the lymphadenectomy.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Prostate cytology. 12 years' experience with transrectal fine needle biopsy].

From January 1970 until November 1982 7814 fine needle biopsies of the prostate were performed in 5856 patients in the urological clinic of the University of Munich. Our experience with this method demonstrates, that the technique is not as easy and must be taught carefully. The diagnostic accuracy depends mostly on the clinician who performs the procedure, less on the cytopathologist. It is possible to distinguish a normal cytological pattern as well as different degrees of infection and different types of tumour-malignancy of the prostatic cancer. Therapy-induced tumour-regression also can be diagnosed. Because of few complications and its high diagnostic reliability the method deserves increased use.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of cytological malignancy grading of prostatic carcinoma].

Clinical staging and morphological grading are very important for treatment of prostatic carcinoma. In 1980 a German pathological-urological study group of prostate cancer completed a new cytological grading system. This system has grades I-III of malignancy, based on six cellular criteria, whose relevance for prognosis was shown by cellkinetical investigations. The present study demonstrates less "undergrading" from transrectal fine needle biopsy and cytological diagnosis than from punch-biopsy and histological diagnosis. The cytological grade correlates well with the local extent of the tumor and metastases to pelvic lymph nodes. Despite of the wellknown problems with morphological grading on a biopsy it gives us very important information.

Biopsy, Needle↗