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Biomedical subjects

P Firestone

Publications and source records attributed to P Firestone.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Efficacy of ACTH 4-9 analog, methylphenidate, and placebo on attention deficit disorder with hyperkinesis.

The present study compared the efficacy of ACTH 4-9 analog, methylphenidate, and placebo on attention deficit disorder with 30 (HK) children with attention deficit disorder and psychometric measurements. HK children were randomly placed into three groups, according to body weight, and treated with placebo, methylphenidate, and adrenocorticotropic hormone fractions (ACTH 4-9 analog). The results revealed that HK children on methylphenidate manifested a significantly greater vasomotor reactivity, behavioral improvement, and learning receptivity than HK children taking ACTH 4-9 analog and/or placebo. Future research implications with ACTH 4-9 and HK children are discussed.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1983

The effects of anxiety management training on the control of juvenile diabetes mellitus.

The present study was designed to determine whether diabetic control could be improved through the direct psychological management of stress and anxiety. Five poorly controlled female adolescent diabetics ranging in age from 15 to 18 years were used as subjects. All were seen on an outpatient basis over a 6-month period. A single-subject format employing a multiple-baseline design across subjects was used. The independent variable used was a technique known as anxiety management training. Baseline, attention-control, and treatment data were collected on a number of dependent measures. Subjective estimates of anxiety and tension by each subject were gathered on a biweekly basis using the Multifactorial Scale of Anxiety. Diabetic control was assessed daily using the Diastix method and weekly using the 24-hr quantitative glucose method. Data on the five subjects suggested that improved control of stress and anxiety had a positive effect on diabetic regulation. Lower and more stable urine glucose levels using both urine testing methods were found. However, no decreases in the subjects' personal assessment of tension and anxiety were evident.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Minor physical anomalies and obstetrical complications: their relationship to hyperactive, psychoneurotic, and normal children and their families.

Hyperactive, psychoneurotic, and normal control boys and their families were examined for minor physical anomalies (MPA). The results revealed that the hyperactive boys and their families had more MPA than the combined group of psychoneurotic and normal control children and their families. There were no differences in the mean number of MPA within families. Hyperactive probands also had more pre- and perinatal complications than the combined proband group. Furthermore, it was quite evident that the combination of numerous obstetrical complications and a high number of MPA significantly increased the probability of a child being diagnosed as hyperactive. The results are discussed in relation to the genetic transmission of MPA and the use of MPA as high risk indicators.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1983

Minor physical anomalies and behavior in children: a review.

The recent literature concerning minor physical anomalies (MPA) and their relation to behavior is reviewed. Research seems to indicate that for males there is considerable consistency in the results but the finding with females is tenuous at best. It appears that a high number of MPA are evident in several pathological groups of boys, as compared with normal controls. In addition, there is a suggestion that MPA are correlated with severity of hyperactivity, IQ, and school achievement. Furthermore, there is also a relationship between a high number of MPA and obstetrical complications. The etiology of MPA and their utility in predicting pathological behavior is discussed.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1983

Recurrent abdominal pain: a psychogenic disorder?

A controlled study of 30 children with recurrent abdominal pain and 30 pain free children failed to show any statistically significant differences between the groups on a variety of psychological variables thought to be associated with psychogenicity. A psychogenic basis has often been assumed as the cause in diagnosis of recurrent abdominal pain when clinical examination and laboratory tests show no organic or medical reason. We emphasise that establishing a psychogenic cause is only indicated where there is positive evidence for psychological factors such as family or school stress, extreme personality characteristics, or modelling of family pain behaviour.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

A comparative study of the efficacy of ACTH4-9 analog, methylphenidate, and placebo on attention deficit disorder with hyperkinesis.

The present study compared the behavioral performance of 30 children with attention deficit disorder with hyperkinesis (HK) on electrophysiological, biochemical, behavioral, and psychometric measurements. HK children were partitioned into cells of 10 and were then treated with placebo, methylphenidate, and adrenocorticotropic hormone fractions (ACTH4-9 analog), respectively, in a double-blind randomized cell sequence according to body weight. The results revealed that HK children on methylphenidate manifested a significantly greater vasomotor reactivity, behavioral improvement, and learning receptivity than did HK children taking ACTH4-9 analog and/or placebo. Future research implications with ACTH4-9 and HK children are discussed.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

Sleep patterns in hyperkinetic and normal children.

Sleep patterns in nonmedicated hyperkinetic (n = 11) and normal control (n = 11) male children (8-12 years old) were compared to document possible sleep disturbance in hyperkinetic children. Electroencephalographic, electro-oculographic, electromyographic, and autonomic measures were monitored continuously for five consecutive nights. Analysis of sleep pattern variables revealed a significantly longer rapid eye movement onset latency (p less than 0.05) and marginally significant greater absolute and relative amounts of movement time (p less than 0.07) for the hyperkinetic group relative to controls. No other sleep parameters differentiated the groups. It was concluded that baseline tonic sleep parameters do not indicate marked sleep disturbance in hyperkinesis. The results are discussed within the context of hypothesized arousal dysfunction underlying this disorder. Key Words: Hyperkinetic children--Hyperkinesis--NREM and REM sleep cycles--Spontaneous skin potential responses.

Arousal↗
PubMed1979

An analysis of the hyperactive syndrome: a comparison of hyperactive, behavior problem, asthmatic, and normal children.

In an attempt to determine whether the commonly described deficits associated with hyperactivity--inappropriate activity, short attention span, low frustration tolerance, and impulsivity--are unique to this population, hyperactive, behavior problem, asthmatic, and normal control children were studied. The test most often used in research with hyperactives were administered. Hyperactives, when compared to normals, did show deficits in the aforementioned areas. However, when compared to the behavior problem and asthmatic children only the attentional deficits clearly differentiated hyperactives from the other children.

Asthma↗
PubMed1975

The effects of reward and punishment on reaction times and autonomic activity in hyperactive and normal children.

The performance of hyperactive and control children was compared on a delayed reaction time task under three reinforcement conditions: reward, punishment, and reward plus punishment. Hyperactives had slower and more variable reaction times, suggesting an attentional deficit. Although each of the three reinforcement conditons was successful in improving reaction times for both subject groups, reward led to a significant increase in impulsive responses in the hyperactive children. Autonomic data revealed that reward also increased arousal to a greater extent than punishment or reward plus punishment. Although resting skin conductance was not different in the two groups of subjects, hyperactives produced fewer specific autonomic responses to signal stimuli.

Arousal↗