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Biomedical subjects

P Fishman

Publications and source records attributed to P Fishman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Elemental X-ray microanalysis of mouse peritoneal and bone marrow derived cultured mast cells.

Elemental X-ray microanalysis of intact mouse peritoneal cells revealed significantly high K alpha sulfur and chloride peaks, while phosphorus, sodium and calcium displayed relatively low K alpha peaks. Bone marrow derived cultured mast cells exhibited a low K alpha peak for sulfur and a high K alpha peak for chloride. Peritoneal macrophages which served as controls differed from peritoneal mast cells by their high phosphorus and chloride content and a relatively low sulfur peak. The finding of two different spectra for the mast cells may provide additional parameters for discrimination of mast cell subsets.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of diclofenac-sodium (Voltaren) on the electrical charge of human platelet membrane.

Platelets incubated with prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, i.e. aspirin (ASA) and diclofenac-sodium (Voltaren) show a decreased capability to aggregate. While ASA induces the complete loss of platelet pseudopodia, Voltaren causes the appearance of long, needle-shaped pseudopodia, a finding which may suggest a rather increased tendency to aggregate. Platelets labeled with ferritin hydrazide and examined with a transmission electron microscope and by X-ray analysis show a greater deposition of ferritin hydrazide after incubation with Voltaren in comparison to those incubated with ASA and to the controls. This finding suggests an increased negative charge of the stretched platelet membrane after incubation with Voltaren with a subsequent increase in the repulsive forces between platelets.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1983

Auto-rosette formation in the peripheral blood of a patient with infectious mononucleosis.

Auto-rosette formation by peripheral blood lymphocytes was observed in a patient with infectious mononucleosis (IM), with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The red blood cells adhered to lymphocytes with numerous microvilli on their surface. This phenomenon was observed only during the acute stage of the disease and not in the recovery period. Auto-rosette formation was detected neither in 7 other patients with IM, nor in control subjects.

Child↗
PubMed1982

SEM and TEM studies on the osmotic behavior of control and leukemic lymphocytes and polymorphonuclears.

The osmotic behavior of control lymphocytes (CL) and polymorphonuclears (CPMN) was compared with that of cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), using the method of gradual dialysis against distilled water. The results were evaluated with a fragiligraph, and by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. The fragiligraphy curves showed that CLL cells are more resistant to osmotic pressure than the CL, whereas the curves for CPMN and CML cells showed an overlap. Surface alterations in CL appeared as early as 1 min of dialysis, while in CLL cells the membrane did not show major alterations even after 5 min of dialysis. CPMN also showed alterations earlier than CML cells, but this difference was not as prominent as in the case of lymphocytes and was observed for a maximum of 3 min of dialysis. The internal structure of the cells was altered earlier than the surface membrane and this was expressed mainly in the nucleus in both control and leukemic cells. Also in this respect, the internal structure of CL was altered earlier than that of CLL cells, whereas no major differences were observed between CPMN and CML cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructural and functional studies on human platelets incubated with diclofenac sodium (Voltaren).

The in vitro effect of diclofenac sodium (Voltaren) on the ultrastructure of healthy donors' platelets was examined and compared with those induced by aspirin (ASA). In distinction to ASA, which causes loss of platelet pseudopodia, Voltaren induced an increase and marked elongation of these pseudopodia. The implication of this finding in the explanation of the decreased platelet aggregation caused by the drug is discussed. Voltaren increased the phagocytotic activity of the individual platelet, although the overall ability of the cells to phagocytize latex particles was not markedly increased. Platelets incubated with Voltaren showed a decrease in their total protein synthesizing capacity. Voltaren did not exert any effect on the internal ultrastructure, platelet factor 3, and calcium content of the incubated platelets.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1981

Synthesizing activity and ultrastructural findings of human blood cells after incubation with cis-platinum "in vitro".

The synthesizing activity and ultrastructural appearance of human polymorphonuclears, lymphocytes and platelets obtained from healthy donors were examined after incubation with cis-platinum (cis-Pt). The drug caused a statistically significant inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis of the lymphocytes, but their ultrastructure appeared unchanged. On the other hand, incubation of polymorphonuclears with cis-Pt did not affect their protein synthesis but caused a decrease in the number of cytoplasmic granules, mitochondrial alterations, and appearance of membrane ruffles. The drug induced neither inhibition of platelet protein synthesis, nor ultrastructural alterations. The selective effect of this drug on the synthesizing activities of human lymphocytes may be of potential value in the treatment of lymphoproliferative and immunological disorders in man.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1981

The effect of aspirin on mouse small-intestinal mucosa. Ultrastructural studies.

The ultrastructural alterations in the small-intestinal mucosa of mice given aspirin for five weeks were observed by light microscopy and scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. The SEM examination revealed that the most affected areas were the duodenum and jejunum, which showed villous disarray, shortened microvilli with damaged tips, erosions, and an increased number of goblet cells. Similar findings were also observed with TEM.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Scanning electron microscope observations on surface changes occurring in murine granulocytes and macrophages during maturation in soft agar cultures.

The present work has been undertaken to study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the cell surface changes occurring in granulocytes and macrophages during the process of maturation in soft agar cultures. All stages of maturation of these cells can be seen in a single colony, with immature cells at the center and mature cells toward the periphery. Special emphasis was made, therefore, to maintain the integrity of the colonies during preparation of the specimens for the SEM. Colonies of granulocytes appeared as tight aggregates of cells. The surfaces of cells in such colonies in 3 to 4-day-old cultures contained many microvilli. Cells in colonies of 5 to 7-day-old cultures contained fewer microvilli on their surfaces. Colonies of macrophages appeared as loose aggregates of cells. The surfaces of cells in such colonies in 3 to 4-day-old cultures was slightly ruffled, while the surfaces of cells in 5 to 7-day-old colonies had well developed ruffles. Granulocyte and macrophage colonies showed the same internal organization of the colony: In granulocytes, cells with many microvilli were located in the center of the colony and cells with less microvilli were at the periphery of the colonies. In macrophages, cells slightly ruffled were located in the center of the colony, while cells highly ruffled were at the periphery of the colonies. These observations have been confirmed by transmission electron and light microscopy preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The effect of tetracycline administration on iron absorption in mice.

The effect of perorally administered tetracycline, chloramphenicol and streptomycin, antibiotics known as inhibitors of protein synthesis, on the iron absorption in mice was examined. Tetracycline caused a marked decrease in iron absorption observed shortly after its administration. On the other hand, both chloramphenicol and streptomycin caused a marked increase in iron absorption. There was no difference between results when bivalent or trivalent iron was given. The possible mechanisms for the explanation of the effect of these antibiotics on iron transfer through the small intestine mucosa are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Lectin-like effect of Echis coloratus Venom on human and mouse lymphocytes.

Echis coloratus venom (ECV) treated human and mouse lymphocytes were examined for synthesizing activities and morphologic alterations. RNA, DNA and protein synthesis were markedly inhibited. Human cells were less affected than mouse lymphocytes. No mitogenic activity was observed. Transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed membranal damage in all types of lymphocytes and a considerable degree of agglutination. Human lymphocytes showed concentration of the microvilli at one pole of the cell. This phenomenon was considered as a capping effect. The action of ECV may be compared with the effect of the nonmitogenic lectin RCAII, known to penetrate the cells by endocytosis and to inhibit their protein synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

SEM observations on the mechanism of platelet release from megakaryocytes.

Normal human bone marrow megakaryocytes were examined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to clarify the mechanism of platelet release. Several types of megakaryocytes were dtected according to their surface appearance, i.e. with wrinkles, ridges, villous formations, round blebs and cells with platelets still attached to the cell membrane. These observations are consistent with the concept that bleb formation is at least one of the mechanisms for platelet liberation.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

pH-induced platelet ultrastructural alterations. A possible mechanism for impaired platelet aggregation.

After the observation that lavages with alkaline solutions exert a beneficial effect on the bleeding tendency and increase platelet aggregation in patients with intragastric hemorrhage, studies were undertaken to find a relationship between changes of pH and platelet morphology. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy showed that at a pH lower than 7.4, normal human platelets change their internal structure as well as their shape, becoming spheres deprived of pseudopodia. On the other hand, a pH higher than 7.4 induces transformation of platelet internal organelles similar to that caused by thrombin. At an alkaline pH, the platelets develop multiple pseudopodia that facilitate their attachment to each other. These findings may explain the increased platelet aggregation in alkaline medium demonstrated in one of our previous works.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1979

The surface ultrastructure of Gaucher cells.

The Gaucher cells of seven patients with Gaucher's disease were examined by both transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of the cells, as seen by transmission electron microscopy, did not differ from that reported in the literature. The surface structure varied not only in the different patients but also in the same individual. The cells were oval or round, most of them with a rough surface due to presence of microvilli, ruffles, ridges, and blebs of various numbers and shapes. In two patients the Gaucher cells showed phagocytosis. The appearance of the surface ultrastructure of the Gaucher cells supports the accepted view that they are related to the cells of the reticuloendothelial system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Satellitism of platelets to monocytes in a patient with hypogammaglobulinaemia.

The first case of platelet satellitism to monocytes in a patient with hypogamma-globulinaemia is described. Platelet adherence was observed with heparinized blood and was dependent on the patient's plasma. The ultrastructural findings observed with the transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are reported.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1978

Ultrastructure of the cells in the peripheral blood of human embryos at early gestational stages.

The presence of the different blood series in the peripheral blood of 10- to 18-week-old human embryos was followed by electron microscopy. It has been demonstrated that the earlier the stage of embryonic development, the more immature cells are found in the peripheral blood. This phenomenon may suggest migration of blood cell progenitors from earlier to more definitive sites of embryonic erythropoiesis.

Blood Cells↗