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Biomedical subjects

P Fleming

Publications and source records attributed to P Fleming.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Analysis of an emergency dental service provided at a children's hospital.

An analysis was undertaken of the evening, weekend and public-holiday emergency dental service provided at the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children during one calender year (1987). Dental emergencies accounted for 4% of all attendances during these periods at the Accident & Emergency Department. Toothache, with or without abscess, was the most frequent dental complaint (49%) and abscesses were most frequently associated with primary first molars. Acute trauma was the second most frequent dental complaint (39%) and traumatic injuries were most commonly caused by falls and bicycle accidents. Tooth displacement was was the most common dental injury of primary and permanent teeth. Complaints other than toothache, abscess or traumatic injury accounted for only 12% of dental emergencies.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Dental management of the pediatric oncology patient.

Acute oral problems that frequently occur during oncologic therapy include mucositis, infection, and hemorrhage. Certain chemotherapeutic agents consistently produce significant mucositis. Herpes simplex virus infection is a frequent cause of oral ulceration. Gram-negative oral bacilli can cause severe local necrosis of oral tissues and lethal bacteremia and sepsis. Sepsis with oral streptococci is common in the early postengraftment period following bone marrow transplant. A case report describes the successful use of a new hemostatic agent to control hemorrhage in a patient with severe thrombocytopenia in leukemic relapse. Long-term dental complications of oncologic therapy include abnormal dental and craniofacial development. Dental abnormalities in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia are more severe if oncologic therapy begins before 5 years of age and if cranial irradiation is used. The combination of high-dose cranial irradiation (2400 cGy) and chemotherapy before 5 years of age results in deficient mandibular growth. In children with reduced growth hormone production and deficient mandibular growth due to treatment with bone marrow transplantation, stimulation of mandibular condylar growth is reported following the use of growth hormone.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Single maxillary central incisor in association with mid-line anomalies.

A single maxillary central incisor may occur as an isolated dental finding. However, it has also been reported to occur in association with autosomal dominant holoprosencephaly, in association with growth retardation with or without growth hormone deficiency and occasionally in association with other mid-line developmental defects. Holoprosencephaly and pituitary dysfunction are two specific examples of mid-line defects and this report emphasises that other mid-line defects may be associated with a single maxillary central incisor. We recommend that patients with this dental anomaly should be referred for a detailed medical examination.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

The development of penicillin-resistant oral streptococci after repeated penicillin prophylaxis.

Oral streptococci may cause infective endocarditis in patients with susceptible cardiac disease after dental treatment. Multiple dental visits, each preceded by penicillin prophylaxis, may result in the unwanted development of resistant oral streptococci. This study was undertaken to determine whether resistant oral streptococci would develop after the repeated use of penicillin prophylaxis in healthy adults. Plaque samples were collected from 20 subjects on each Monday for 5 successive weeks. Each subject was administered 2 gm penicillin V followed by 1 gm 6 hours later (standard prophylaxis regimen of the American Heart Association), on three successive Mondays (weeks 2, 3, and 4). The total cultivable oral streptococci and penicillin-resistant oral streptococci were determined for each plaque sample, and representative colonies of resistant streptococci were speciated. During the study, there was a significant increase in the number of subjects who harbored penicillin-resistant oral streptococci. However, with the exception of one subject who had resistant streptococci throughout the study, the number of resistant strains represented only 0.0003% to 0.41% of the total cultivable oral streptococci.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Surfactant abnormality and the sudden infant death syndrome--a primary or secondary phenomenon?

A prospective study of 46 infant deaths occurring between 3 and 100 weeks of age was performed and comprised a structured necropsy followed by collection of lung washings for surfactant phospholipid analysis and samples for microbiological examination. Of the 46 infants studied, 23 died from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) alone; SIDS was the cause of death in a further 12 but there were additional clinical or pathological findings insufficient in themselves to account for the death ('SIDS-plus'). In 11 there were other causes of death ('non-SIDS'). The lung washings from infants dying from SIDS had significantly lower concentrations of phosphatidylcholine and a significantly lower palmitate content in the phosphatidylcholine. There was no association between surfactant phospholipid abnormality and the presence of recognised pathogens, histological evidence of pulmonary inflammation, aspiration of stomach contents, age at death, sex, and death-postmortem interval. There were, however, lower concentrations of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine palmitate content in infants colonised by organisms with reported phospholipase A2 activity.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Effects of eye color on the accuracy of ball throwing of elementary school children.

Light-eyed individuals generally perform better at self-paced activities while dark-eyed individuals perform better at reactive activities. In throwing a ball at a target there were no differences between light- and dark-eyed elementary school-age children. Boys hit the target more times than did girls, and older children in upper grades hit the target more often than did younger children in lower grades.

Attention↗
PubMed1989

Effects of eye color and sex on accuracy in archery.

126 subjects were 47 children in Grade 7, 49 students in Grade 8, and 30 adults, who shot arrows at bull's-eye targets from varying distances. Analysis of variance of accuracy scores indicated that there was no difference for eye color, but boys scored more points than did girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Relations of eye color to scores on Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency--Short Form.

The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency--Short Form (8 subtests and 15 motor skill activities) was administered individually to 28 students. Multivariate analysis of variance showed no association with differences in eye color. There were two significant sex differences on univariate F tests; boys scored better at standing broad jump than girls, while girls scored better at standing on one leg and drawing a straight line than boys.

Child↗