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Biomedical subjects

P Fodor

Publications and source records attributed to P Fodor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Interspecific distribution and co-associations of chemical elements in the liver tissue of marine mammals from the Polish Economical Exclusive Zone, Baltic Sea.

Concentrations of Al, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sr, Tl, V, Zn, Ca, K, Mg, Na and P in the livers of marine mammals obtained from by-catches or stranded on beaches on the Polish Baltic coast were determined by ICP-MS or ICP-AES and CV AAS. Interspecific diversity with respect to the contents of these elements was found in cetaceans and pinnipeds. The diverse Cd contents in the livers of these mammals can be attributed to the variable concentrations of this element in their food. Mercury was correlated with age and can reach high concentration associated with higher level of Se in older specimens. No significant relationships were found between concentration of the chemical elements studied and nutritional status/condition of the Baltic harbour porpoises as well as between their concentration in specimens from the Gulf of Gdańsk and open Baltic. It seems that the nutritional and health status of the specimens studied is generally enough good since the specimens studied were not stranded on beach because of starvation but almost incidentally caught in salmon gill nets. Strong correlations were found between the macroelements analysed, i.e. for the Ba-Ca-Sr, Ca-K, Ca-Mg, Mg-P, Zn-Mg and Zn-P assemblies. Significantly higher content of Al was found in males of harbour porpoises.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Multiple sclerosis gender issues: clinical practices of women neurologists.

Substantially more women than men develop multiple sclerosis (MS), but information about the effects of MS and gender-specific issues such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, menstruation and hormone use is lacking. A survey study of neurologists' practice patterns was undertaken to elicit information about gender-specific topics and the use of disease-modifying MS therapies (DMT) including the interferons and glatiramer acetate (GA). A total of 147 surveys were returned. Half of respondents require patients to discontinue DMT during pregnancy, while 35% encourage discontinuation. Among those who allow patients to continue therapy, half consider GA to be safer during pregnancy than the interferons. Nearly 86% of respondents do not use DMT in patients who are breastfeeding. Among the 11% who actually prescribe during breastfeeding, most recommend GA. Neurologists generally leave the decision to breastfeed up to patients, and most refer patients to obstetrician/gynaecologists for counselling about contraception or hormone replacement therapy. The survey results described here provide insight into how neurologists manage reproductive health issues among women with MS.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2004

Distribution and biotransformation of arsenic species in chicken cardiac and muscle tissues.

This study evaluated the bioaccumulation and biotransformation of arsenic species in chicken heart and meat tissues. The experimental study was carried out using two sets of samples. In the first one, 10-d-old chickens were exposed to sodium arsenate, using spiked drinking water. These chickens grew normally and were killed after 50 d of arsenic exposure. The second set were edible chickens used as blanks for a parallel study. The total arsenic and arsenic species content in the exposed samples were at least twice those in the normal edible chicken. It has been demonstrated that sodium arsenate is biotransformed to arsenite and an unknown species and its distribution varies among the different cardiac and meat tissues. One important aspect is the capability of the auricle to preconcentrate the most toxic species, arsenite, in the exposed chicken. A nonidentified arsenic species from the edible chicken was detected. Arsenobetaine was also detected in several tissues. This article shows that chicken can be used as a representative animal when considering inorganic arsenic exposure in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of performance of time-saving extraction devices in the BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure.

Two alternative extraction methods--a routine ultrasonic bath and a microwave oven--were developed and optimized for their eventual exploitation in the three-stage sequential extraction procedure proposed by the European Standards, Measurements and Testing (S, M & T) Programme, formerly Bureau Communitaire de Reference (BCR), for the operationally defined speciation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. The conventional BCR three-stage sequential extraction procedure was modified at each stage, applying ultrasonic or microwave devices in order to shorten the required 16 h of shaking in all three steps. The experimental tests and the optimization of the operating parameters were carried out on a highly homogenized estuarine sediment reference material (RM S7) prepared by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of ISPRA. Extractable metal contents were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the results obtained in each fraction by all three methods were statistically compared for all the studied elements. The conventional and newly developed alternative extraction methods were finally compared by the analysis of BCR 601, which is certified for the three-step BCR sequential extraction procedure. According to the statistical evaluation of the results, the proposed accelerated sequential extraction methods are valid alternatives to conventional shaking, with much shorter extraction times.

Chemistry Techniques, Analytical↗
PubMed2001

Improving selenium extraction by sequential enzymatic processes for Se-speciation of selenium-enriched Agaricus bisporus.

Sample preparation methods based on the use of proteolytic and cell wall digesting enzymes for the speciation analysis of selenized mushroom were investigated. The sample (Agaricus bisporus; 160 microg total Se per g sample) was grown on compost supplemented with selenized yeast. Experiments were carried out to elucidate the possible role of the cell wall digesting enzymes--Lysing enzyme and Driselase--in the improvement of extraction efficiency with and without inhibiting proteolysis during cell wall digestion. A 3-step procedure applying Lysing enzyme and pronase gave the highest extraction efficiency (89%); however, the best species recovery was achieved by a one-step proteolytic procedure. All the procedures of selenium speciation were controlled by independent ICP-AES analysis measuring the total amount of selenium.

Agaricus↗
PubMed2000

[Postoperative insufficiency of duodenal stump sutures caused by Ascaris lumbricoides].

A 43 years old female patient suffered ventricular resection (Billroth II) because of tumor. On the 11. postoperative day an Ascaris lumbricoides (with the length of 20 cm) was creeping out of the site of the draining tube onto the abdominal wall. Enteral parasites are very rare and strange reasons for postoperative duodenal suture insufficience but our case may deserve some attention considering the well known spreading of Ascaris infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Simultaneous determination of dimethylarsinic acid and monomethylarsonic acid after derivatization with thioglycol methylate by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method has been developed to determine two methylated arsenic species in human urine samples. The yield of derivatization for dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) using thioglycol methylate (TGM) was measured. The detection limit for the derivatized DMA and MMA using the GC/MS method are 0.95 and 0.8 ng cm-3, respectively. This simple and rapid method has good precision and accuracy. Fragmentation routes of derivatized MMA and DMA are suggested on accurate mass measurements.

Arsenicals↗
PubMed1997

[Management of aortic recoarctation by transluminal balloon angioplasty in childhood].

Recoarctation balloon angioplasty is an interventional technique for the treatment of restenosis of the aortic isthmus after surgery. At present it is the treatment of choice prior to surgery. Authors report their experience with the first 30 patients in this country. Age less than 1 year at surgery is considered as a risk factor. The diagnosis of recoarctation was made by noninvasive techniques. Balloon angioplasty was performed in one session with the haemodynamic study. Twenty-nine successful procedures were performed, 1 patient only improved after the dilatation. Systemic hypertension decreased in all, but one patient, the diameter of the narrow segment increased in all patients. No mortality was observed. In one patient femoral artery injury developed without definite impairment of the circulation of the lower extremity. It is concluded, that balloon angioplasty is an effective and safe treatment, carries a lower risk for the patient, than surgery, and hospital stay is shorter. The procedure is cost-effective. Therefore, it is proposed for widespread use in the country.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

The tumor promoter tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate elicits the redistribution of heavy metals in subcellular fractions of rabbit thymocytes as measured by plasma emission spectroscopy.

Prolonged (90 min) incubation with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) causes no significant changes in the elemental composition of whole rabbit thymocytes (25 elements included). The only exception is the amount of magnesium, where a significant increase can be detected. However TPA preincubation elicits the redistribution of heavy metals (mainly Zn and to a much lesser extent Fe and Cu) from the nuclear and large granular (mitochondrial-lysosomal) fraction to the cytosol and microsomes. A significant translocation of calcium and phosphorus from the large granular fraction mainly to the nucleus can also be observed. The TPA-induced heavy metal depletion of the nucleus might play a role in the antiproliferative activity of TPA, the arrest of G1----S phase transition. On the other hand the increased amount of heavy metals in the cytosol might be linked to the TPA-induced block of intercellular communication and the desensitization of TPA-treated cells towards extracellular calcium which are well-known properties of neoplastic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

T-cell dysfunction in minimal-change nephrotic syndrome of childhood.

Cell-mediated immunity was studied in 25 children with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome in different stages of their disease. This was assessed by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, number of T lymphocytes, and blastogenic response to phytohemagglutinin and PPD. Patients with active nephrosis could not become sensitized to dinitrochlorobenzene and had decreased response to common recall antigens. T-cell number ranged within normal values in all nephrotic patients. During active disease, lymphocyte transformation was markedly reduced, but improved considerably when cells were cultured in normal plasma. During remission, patients showed normal proliferative response. Reactivity of normal lymphocytes to both stimulants was inhibited by nephrotic plasma. Our results suggest the existence of a serum factor that affects T-cell function.

Adolescent↗