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Biomedical subjects

P French

Publications and source records attributed to P French.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA for thrombosis of tricuspid valve prosthesis during pregnancy].

The authors report the case of a woman with thrombosis of a tricuspid Saint Jude prosthesis during the fourth month of pregnancy. A first course of thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA reestablished normal prosthetic valve function but was followed by a threatened abortion and severe uterine haemorrhage. An early rethrombosis of the prosthetic valve led to interruption of the pregnancy after failure of a second course of thrombolysis, and to replacement of the tricuspid valve prosthesis. This case illustrates the problems of pregnancy in women with mechanical cardiac prosthetic valves and the difficulties of treatment.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1994

An experimental study of the effects of learning climate on patient-centred decision-making.

This paper aims to communicate a particular methodology which was devised in an attempt to identify particular influences on the patient centredness of student nurse decision making in the practice setting utilising a quasi experimental approach. The major variables of ward sister student orientation and patient centredness are described in the context of the development of the experimental conditions and the patient centredness measuring tool. The video presentation of experimental conditions is also described. The study supported the hypothesis that student nurse patient centredness could be positively or negatively influenced by the student orientation of the significant nurse teacher in the clinical setting (The Ward Sister). On a consistent basis this is likely to produce nurses who learn that clinical decision making need not always be in the best interests of the patient. A cause and effect relationship between teacher orientation, student behaviour and practitioner outcomes is postulated.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1993

Spontaneous morphological changes by overexpression of the growth-associated protein B-50/GAP-43 in a PC12 cell line.

In order to study the direct effects of B-50 on neural cell morphology, rat B-50 cDNA was transfected into a PC12 cell line (PC-B2) exhibiting neurite outgrowth independent of the expression of endogenous B-50. The morphological changes were visualized by confocal scanning laser microscopy using fluorescence labelling for B-50 and for F-actin. The transfected cells exhibited filopodia and/or blebs on the plasma membrane, containing most of the B-50 immunoreactivity. No spontaneous neurite outgrowth was observed. Following NGF treatment transfected and nontransfected PC-B2 cells extended F-actin positive filopodia and neurites with a striking colocalisation of B-50 and F-actin. Our data show that the presence of B-50 can influence cell surface morphology independent of the presence of NGF. The colocalisation of B-50 and F-actin in the filopodial protrusions but not in the blebs might be indicative for a role of B-50 in actin polymerization and depolymerization.

Actins↗
PubMed1993

In vitro activity of novobiocin against multiresistant strains of Enterococcus faecium.

Sixty strains of vancomycin- and ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium were evaluated for their susceptibilities to novobiocin in vitro. In Mueller-Hinton broth, novobiocin inhibited all strains when it was used at a concentration of < or = 2 microgram/ml and 40 of 60 strains when it was used at a concentration of < or = 0.5 micrograms/ml. MICs were 8- to 16-fold higher in 50% serum. Novobiocin alone resulted in 2-log-unit killing at 24 h. Combinations of novobiocin and a fluoroquinolone (either ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin) were additive and bactericidal for quinolone-susceptible strains in either broth or 50% serum. Gentamicin did not affect novobiocin activity, and rifampin and doxycycline were antagonistic.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1992

An interpersonal-epistemological curriculum model for nurse education.

This paper proposes a curriculum model for nurse education which holds forms of knowledge and interpersonal relationships as key issues if nurse education is to develop autonomous, reflective, critical practitioners. By adopting areas of cognitive interest, principles of andragogy and the concept of reflection-in-action, the model provides a heuristic tool which attempts to enable the provision of a nurse education which is devoted to adult learning processes and relevant to the development of education in the practice setting. The technical, practical and emancipatory areas of cognitive interest provide an understanding of learning domains which require different knowledge bases, methods of learning and forms of assessment to each other. The pedagogy/andragogy dichotomy is presented to reflect two teaching paradigms. The former approach is derived from the activity of teaching children and provides for passive dependence. The latter is more appropriate to adult learning and student self-direction. The model attempts to promote the transitional dynamic which moves the student nurse toward a state of greater self-direction. Finally, the concept of reflection-in-action is discussed in an attempt to ensure that the areas of cognitive interest and the learning strategies are inextricably linked to the practice component of a professional nurse education. All three dimensions are combined to show how each should develop in unison as the professional education of the nurse proceeds along a chronological dimension.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1992

The quality of nurse education in the 1980s.

This paper describes a research project which attempted to evaluate the preregistration preparation of nurses as an educational pursuit. It argues that two major learning paradigms exist, education and training. These paradigms can be differentiated on the basis of three critical aspects of the curriculum which also indicate the key areas for quality assurance. These aspects are; the purposes of learning, the extant forms of knowledge and the nature of teacher-student relationships. The paper describes a structural analysis of previous research on nurse education in the United Kingdom, and a student nurse opinion survey which aimed to identify those aspects of their course which were of most significance to student nurses. It was concluded that the preregistration preparation of nurses subsumed under a training paradigm and that the major determinant of this was the practice setting. There was also some indication that the nursing curriculum was not patient-centred and that the training paradigm did not encourage personal development in critical thinking, self-reliance and problem solving. The final part of the paper describes an experiment which attempted to demonstrate a link between practice teacher-student relationships and practitioner competence utilizing video presentation of 'teacher' behaviours and a patient-centredness measuring instrument. The experiment supported this link. In conclusion, it is argued that if UKCC Project 2000 is to avoid a replication of the past then educational development must be focused on the practicum and not just on forging links with higher education if a professional nurse education is to be achieved.

Attitude↗
PubMed1991

Teaching and assessing on course for change.

This paper argues that the concept of change is a valuable tool for the development of continuing education which is relevant to the personal needs of nurse practitioners and to clinical practice. The context for this discussion is a teaching and assessing course which holds the concept of change as the central philosophy for curriculum structure. The paper begins by describing the course philosophy, curriculum models and outline structure which typify this course. The second part of the paper describes research used to evaluate the 13 courses which have been held and the main conclusions of this research. It is concluded that this course has proven educational benefits and effects on clinical practice which include the development of critical reflectivity, acceptance of change, increase in self confidence and an increase in self-directed learning.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1991

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare (MAI) is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to both increased illness and death in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Early reports of treatment of MAI were disappointing but recent studies have shown that combination antimycobacterial therapy may provide symptomatic relief and an improvement in mycobacteraemia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Transitions in the nuclear age: late adolescence to early adulthood.

College students, subjects in a 1983 study on reaction to that threat of nuclear war, participated in a follow-up study to investigate the changes that occur from late adolescence to early adulthood. The 41 subjects again completed the Nuclear War Attitude Survey (NWAS II) and, additionally, a second questionnaire and to 1 to 2 1/2 hour individual interview during which they were asked to explain changes in their answers to the NWAS II. Compared to their previous responses to the NWAS II, the responses of these young adults showed statistically significant decreases in the frequency they reported thinking about the possibility of nuclear war, their estimation of the likelihood of a nuclear war, and their intention to contact the news media to express their views. The researchers hypothesize that the major reasons for changes in response were (1) developmental differences, (2) the campus culture, (3) the political climate, (4) the media climate and (5) lack of engagement with the democratic process.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Survival analysis to explore the characteristics of employee assistance program (EAP) referrals that remain employed.

This study examined characteristics of referrals to employee assistance programs (EAP) associated with subsequent termination of employment. As well, relationships between characteristics of the referrals and program characteristics were explored. Longitudinal data were collected at several time periods for 163 referrals to EAPs from five organizations. Survival analysis was conducted to determine which variables were associated with termination of employment. Females, cohabitating couples, and employees who worked for the organization for 5 or more years were most likely to remain employed. One interesting finding was that people with alcohol problems were significantly more likely to be formal referrals.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hazards to nurses.

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Accident Prevention↗