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Biomedical subjects

P G Aaron

Publications and source records attributed to P G Aaron.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Can reading disabilities be diagnosed without using intelligence tests?

Unlike conventional procedures, which use IQ in making diagnostic and eligibility decisions regarding learning disabilities, this demonstration study used listening comprehension and other reading-related tasks to make a differential diagnosis of reading disabilities. Tests of listening and reading comprehension were administered to 180 children from Grades 3 through 8. A regression equation was then derived to predict reading comprehension from listening comprehension. The regression equation was applied to the listening comprehension scores of seven children from Grades 3 to 8 who had reading difficulties, and their reading comprehension was predicted. Based on the discrepancy between their actual reading comprehension and the predicted reading comprehension, their reading difficulty was attributed to one of the following three factors: (a) poor decoding, (b) poor comprehension, or (c) a combination of poor decoding and poor comprehension. The validity of these diagnostic decisions was assessed by testing independently these children's word-decoding skill and reading speed. The results suggest that this diagnostic procedure has potential utility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The paradoxical relationship between intelligence and reading disability.

Specific reading disability or developmental dyslexia is a condition wherein an individual with average or superior intelligence does not acquire normal reading skills. This paper provides a tentative explanation of the paradoxical relationship between the reading disability and intelligence. Study of 15 dyslexic college students showed that they were deficient in grapheme-phoneme conversion and that the decoding skill could be an autonomous, specific ability that is independent of the "g" factor as expressed in terms of IQ. The decoding skill appears to be a subroutine and may, in dyslexia, operate as a limiting factor that affects reading comprehension.

Dyslexia↗
PubMed1979

A neuropsychological Key approach to diagnosis and remediation of learning disabilities.

Described a new approach in reaching clinical decisions with regard to learning disabled children. The method emphasizes a systematic deductive procedure and is presented in the form of a Key. The rationale for the diagnostic and remedial decisions reached at every node of the Key is explained and is supported by data derived from clinical and experimental studies in psychology and neurology.

Achievement↗
PubMed1978

Dyslexia, an imbalance in cerebral information-processing strategies.

Reading ability seems to involve analytic-sequential processing of selected letters and a holistic-simultaneous perception of the salient features of the entire word. The dyslexic child, being normal in intelligence, is most likely deficient in either one of the two processes while being normal in the other. To test this hypothesis, 28 reading disabled children, on the basis of the nature of errors made in a writing from dictation task, were divided into groups: analytic-sequential deficient and holistic-simultaneous deficient. Further testing showed that the first group was poor in processing a sequence of digits but normal on holistic-simultaneous memory tasks. The opposite pattern of performance was shown by the second group. A control group of 14 normal readers did not show such an imbalance.

Child↗
PubMed1975

Directional scanning and cerebral asymmetries in processing visual stimuli.

A perceptual exploration task involving three horizontal linear arrays of stimuli was administered to 167 children ranging in age from 3 to 7 yr. It was found that the well organized, predominantly right-to-left responses of very young children were eventually replaced by left-to-right patterns. A tachistoscopic test showed that Ss who gave right-to-left responses to the linear arrays showed hemispheric asymmetry of perception. The results were interpreted as supporting the view that directional response tendencies are related to hemispheric asymmetry.

Age Factors↗