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Biomedical subjects

P G Burhol

Publications and source records attributed to P G Burhol.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

A patient with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, myxedema and muscle atrophy.

A case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is presented. The patient had alopecia, onychodystrophy and gastrointestinal polyposis, mainly in the stomach and duodenum, with transient diarrhea and hypoproteinemia. Marked atrophy and weakness of the shoulder girdle muscles due to myopathy were also present. In addition she had primary hypothyroidism. The outcome of the disease is usually fatal within months, but so far our patient is alive four years after the onset of symptoms. The pathological changes, pathophysiology, symptoms, course and treatment of this rare disorder of unknown etiology are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Radioimmunoassay of group I pepsinogens (PGI) and the effect of food on serum PGI.

A sensitive and precise radioimmunoassay of group I pepsinogens (PGI) in serum is described. The method is a modification of the one described by Samloff and Liebman. The most important improvement is that 125I-labeled PGI can be stored diluted for at least 7 weeks without loss of immunoreactivity. The present method has a detection limit of 2.6 ng/ml, a within-assay precision of 6%, and a between-assay precision of 17% in the normal range. A light test meal had no significant effect on serum PGI. Serum PGI in 388 non-fasting subjects 20-49 years old was 164 +/- 5 ng/ml (mean +/- S.E.M.). In these subjects serum PGI was significantly higher in men than in women. In both sexes the frequency distribution showed two peaks, indicating the presence of two different populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Serum group I pepsinogens during prolonged infusion of pentagastrin and secretin in man.

Six 20- to 25-year-old healthy men were studied with an intravenous pentagastrin infusion in a dose of 6 micrograms/kg-h for 4.5 h. Four of these were also studied on separate days with an intravenous secretin infusion in a dose of 2 CU/kg-h for 4.5 h. Gastric juice was collected continuously for one 30-min period before and in 30-min periods throughout the infusion periods, and the gastric H+ and pepsin outputs were determined during the pentagastrin infusion only. Blood was drawn before, every 30 min throughout the infusion, and the next morning for determination of serum group I pepsinogens (PG I), serum gastrin, and plasma secretin. Pentagastrin evoked a sustained rise in gastric H+ and pepsin secretions, a more delayed and sustained increase in serum PG I in the four subjects with a normal pentagastrin-stimulated maximal gastric secretion, and a fall in serum PG I in the remaining two subjects with a low gastric secretion. Secretin also elicited a sustained elevation in serum PG I in all four examined, including one who showed a fall in serum PG I during pentagastrin infusion. It is proposed that pentagastrin may exert its stimulatory effect of pepsinogen synthesis subsequent to degranulation of the chief cells, whereas secretin may stimulate the pepsinogen synthesis more directly. Thus, the fall in serum PG I during pentagastrin infusion in the two subjects with low gastric secretion may possibly be due to a defective cellular storage of PG I in atrophic gastritis. Plasma secretin was not affected by gastric suction or by prolonged infusion of pentagastrin, whereas serum gastrin fell during secretion infusion accompanied by gastric suction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effect of duodenal acidification on plasma secretin and gastrin and pancreatic bicarbonate secretion in man.

Plasma secretin, plasma gastrin and pancreatic bicarbonate output were measured in three healthy youths before and after a 10 min period of duodenal infusion of 50, 75 and 100 ml 100 mmol/1 HCl. Plasma secretin rose to a shortlived peak within 10 min, whereas plasma gastrin fell gradually to values significantly below the basal level 60 min after the start of duodenal acidification. Pancreatic bicarbonate output showed a more sustained increase following duodenal acidification. Significant positive correlations were obtained between plasma secretin and infused dose of HCl, between pancreatic bicarbonate output and infused dose of HCl and between plasma secretin and pancreatic bicarbonate output. The calculated maximal pancreatic bicarbonate output (Vmax) of 30.6 mEq/h and the calculated dose of secretin to elicit half maximal pancreatic bicarbonate output (S50) of 0.2 CU/kg-h following duodenal acidification were comparable to that seen after intravenous infusion of secretin. No significant correlation was found between plasma secretin and plasma gastrin. It is suggested that the pancreatic stimulation subsequent to duodenal acidification is mainly effected by release of secretin, and that the fall in plasma gastrin may be caused by a HCl-induced inhibition of gastrin release from the duodenum.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effect of a test meal on plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and secretin in man.

In six fasting healthy young male students a 15-min test meal consisting of 160 ml milk, 200 ml coffee, 70 g bread, 3.5 g butter, 35 g cheese, and 30 g ham (45 g carbohydrates, 30 g proteins, and 25 g fat) caused a late but significant elevation in plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), an early and sustained significant rise in plasma gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), but no significant change in plasma secretin.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Enzymatic sulfation of glycochenodeoxycholic acid by tissue fractions from adult hamsters.

Using a radiometric assay with glycochenodeoxycholic acid as substrate, bile acid:3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity was found in 105,000 g supernatant fractions of liver, proximal intestine, and adrenal gland homogenates from adult hamsters. Optimum conditions for measurement of the hepatic enzyme were determined. In both male and female animals sulfation only occurred at the 7 alpha-position. Saturation analysis with glycohenodeoxycholic acid revealed that the higher activity observed in fractions from female compared to male hamsters was due to a 4-fold lower apparent Km (79 muM vs. 317 muM) for this bile acid in the females. The sulfation of glycohenodeoxycholic acid was competitively inhibited by glycolithocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid. The data are consistent with the concept that sulfation of many, if not all, bile acids can occur in vivo.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1978

Serum group I pepsinogens and gastrin in relation to gastric H+ and pepsin outputs before and after subcutaneous injection of pentagastrin.

A conventional pentagastrin test was carried out in 25 patients with dyspeptic complaints, and gastric H+ and pepsin outputs were determined. Blood was drawn before the intubation and 5 and 30 min after subcutaneous injection of pentagastrin, and serum group I pepsinogens (PG I) and serum gastrin were determined by radioimmunoassay methods. A significant correlation was found between serum PG I, on the one hand, and basal gastric pepsin, output as well as pentagastrin-stimulated gastric H+ and pepsin outputs, on the other. Basal serum gastrin was also significantly correlated to pentagastrin-stimulated gastric pepsin output as well as to serum PG I. Pentagastrin failed to induce an increase in serum PG I during the first 30 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Radioimmunoassay of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in plasma.

A sensitive, precise, and specific radioimmunoassay for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is described, with a detection limit of 0.8 pmol/l, within assay precision of 7.8%, and between assay precision of 13.1%. The final dilution of the antiserum to bind 50% of 0.9 fmol 125I-labeled VIP was 1:250000. The antiserum showed an effective equilibrium constant (Keff) according to Scatchard of 7.4 x 1011 l/mol, an average equilibrium constant (Ko) according to Sips of 7.3 x 1011 l/mol, an index of heterogeneity (alpha) according to Sips of 0.99, and a negligible cross-reactivity with secretin. 125I-labeled VIP was prepared by a modified Chloramine-T method, and the label purified on a Sephadex G-15 column followed by a SP Sephadex C-25 column had a specific radioactivity of 1700 muCi/nmol. The present assay allows measurements of fasting plasma VIP in the very low pmol/l range and the increase and gradual fall in plasma VIP subsequent to a brief period of duodenal acidification.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1978

Production and evaluation of secretin antibodies.

Antibodies were readily produced in three rabbits to unconjugated pure natural porcine secretin, and in two rabbits to synthetic porcine secretin conjugated to BSA. The final dilutions of the antisera to bind 50% of 1 fmol 125-i-labeled secretin prepared by the Chloramine-T method and purified on a Sephadex G-15 and a SP Sephadex C-25 column varied between 1:14,500 and 1:245,000. The effective equilibrium constants (Keff) according to Scatchard varied between 0.8 x 10(11) and 3.4 x 10(11), the average equilibrium constants (Ko) according to Sips varied between 0.8 x 10(11) and 3.6 x 10(11), and the indices of heterogeneity (alpha) according to Sips were 1.00 or close to 1.00. None of the antisera showed any cross reactivity to gastrin, glucagon or insulin. There was no differences in any of the preceding parameters between the antisera produced to the two immunogen preparations. It is suggested that the immunogenicity of secretin may be related to its basic charge, and to the possibility that secretin may circulate bound to certain plasmafactors or in a polymerized form. The two antisera with the highest equilibrium constants, which also allowed the highest working dilution to be applied, allowed measurements of fasting plasma secretin levels in the low pmol/1 range in all acidified plasmas examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Radioimmunoassay of secretin in acidified plasma.

Antibody was readily produced in a rabbit against synthetic porcine secretin coupled to BSA. The final dilution of the antiserum to bind 50% of 1 fmol 125I-labeled secretin was 1 : 150,000. The effective equilibrium constant (Keff) according to Scatchard was 3.4 X 10(11) l/mol, the average equilibrium constant (Ko) according to Sips 3.5 X 10(11) l/mol, and the index of heterogeneity (alpha) according to Sips 1,00. No cross reactivity was found for gastrin, glucagon and insulin. 125I-labeled synthetic porcine secretin was prepared by the Chloramine-T-method, and the label purified on a Sephadex G-15 column followed by a SP Sephadex C-25 column had a specific radioactivity of 1.150 muCi/nmol. The radioimmunoassay method described has a detection limit of 1.6 pmol/l with 95% confidence limit, a within assay precision of 9,6%, and a between assay precision of 12.8%. It allows detection of fasting plasma secretin in the low pmol/l range, and the rather sharp rise and fall in plasma secretin subsequent to a brief period of duodenal acidification. The problem involved in measuring plasma secretin have been overcome by acidification of the plasma, and by subtracting the "apparent" secretin concentration in corresponding secretin-free plasma prepared by incubation at 37 degrees C for 96 h for each subject.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

MSH-producing gastric tumour.

MSH-producing gastric tumour. A case report. A patient with melanosis due to MSH-production by a gastric tumour is described. It is also possible that the tumour was producing gastrin, whereas there was no sign of increased ACTH-production. This is the first patient described with a MSH-producing tumour without concomitant ACTH-production.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗