[Excessive crying in babies: literature review and practical recommendations].
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Colic↗
Biomedical subjects
P G Eckhardt
Publications and source records attributed to P G Eckhardt.
Morphologic features of bone in human osteopetrosis.
Trabecular bone biopsies obtained from six patients with malignant osteopetrosis, one patient with benign osteopetrosis, and two controls were examined by light and electron microscopy. Osteopetrotic osteoclasts showed little to no signs of active involvement in bone resorption. Ruffled borders and clear zones were absent in most cells. In all patients there were large numbers of osteoclasts. Numbers of osteoblasts, bone lining cells, and bone marrow stromal cells were extremely low in all patients with malignant osteopetrosis. In six of the patients a mineralized layer of amorphous organic material lacking collagen fibrils was seen covering large areas of the bone or cartilage matrix. We suggest that this layer represents a pathological calcification on which subsequently organic material has accumulated. The abnormalities in osteopetrotic bone are discussed in the light of the pathogenesis of this disease.
Bone and Bones↗
Detection of optic pathway misrouting in the human albino neonate.
The diagnosis of albinism is indicated by the presence of visual pathway misrouting in which temporal retinal fibers erroneously decussate at the optic chiasm disrupting the normal topographical distribution of retinal geniculate-cortical projections. Detection of misrouted fibers is effected by non-invasive electrophysiological assessment of the topographical representation of the visual evoked potential (VEP) following full field monocular stimulation. By combining appropriate state defined neonatal recording procedures with the albino VEP test paradigm, the presence of aberrant optic pathway projections was detected in a five-day-old full-term infant. The electrophysiological signature pathognomonic to albinism was observed within a long (300 ms) latency window of an otherwise normal neonatal luminance flash response. The results of this study indicate that the VEP misrouting test can be extended to reliable albino diagnosis within the neonatal period.
Albinism↗
[An infant with osteoarthritis and osteomyelitis of the humerus caused by Escherichia coli].
A two-month-old girl had acute osteoarthritis and osteomyelitis of the left humerus. An Escherichia coli was found as the causative agent. We discuss the possible diagnostic methods and the interpretation of the findings.
Escherichia coli Infections↗
[Transient hyperphosphatasemia in infants and young children].
Transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy. Striking transient increases in serum alkaline phosphatase in nine new cases are reported. The etiology is still unknown. The patients were 6.5 months to 30 months of age and none showed any clinical evidence of hepatic or skeletal disease. Values became normal within 12 weeks in all patients. It is important to know this condition to avoid unnecessary and expensive diagnostic procedures. Though hyperphosphatasemia does not seem to give any problems we recommend a brief diagnostic protocol in order to recognize transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].
Four children were found to have clinically significant obstructive sleepapnea. Hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue, specifically the adenoid and tonsils causing obstructive sleepapnea in children, is a well defined clinical entity with nocturnal CO2 retention, retarded growth and impaired physical and psychological status. A small number of these children may develop pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale and ultimately death. Children with only moderately enlarged tonsils in association with neuromuscular hypotonia and anatomical defects may also develop this syndrome. Polysomnographic monitoring during natural sleep proved useful in confirming the diagnosis. All patients had improved after surgical relief of airway obstruction. The subjective impressions were documented by objective improvement: normalization of growth curves, ECG improvement of cor pulmonale and improvement of bloodgasses. Increased awareness of obstructive sleepapnea and examination of the sleeping patient and polysomnographic monitoring should result in earlier treatment and less morbidity for children with obstructive sleepapnea.
Adenoidectomy↗