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Biomedical subjects

P Göbel

Publications and source records attributed to P Göbel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Storm water runoff concentration matrix for urban areas.

The infrastructure (roads, sidewalk, commercial and residential structures) added during the land development and urbanisation process is designed to collect precipitation and convey it out of the watershed, typically in existing surface water channels, such as streams and rivers. The quality of surface water, seepage water and ground water is influenced by pollutants that collect on impervious surfaces and that are carried by urban storm water runoff. Heavy metals, e.g. lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) and readily soluble salts in runoff, contribute to the degradation of water. An intensive literature search on the distribution and concentration of the surface-dependent runoff water has been compiled. Concentration variations of several pollutants derived from different surfaces have been averaged. More than 300 references providing about 1300 data for different pollutants culminate in a representative concentration matrix consisting of medians and extreme values. This matrix can be applied to long-term valuations and numerical modelling of storm water treatment facilities.

Cadmium↗
PubMed2006

Development and investigation of a pollution control pit for treatment of stormwater from metal roofs and traffic areas.

Source control by on-site retention and infiltration of stormwater is a sustainable and proven alternative to classical drainage methods. Unfortunately, sedimentary particles and pollutants from drained surfaces cause clogging and endanger soil and groundwater during long-term operation of infiltration devices. German water authorities recommend the use of infiltration devices, such as swales or swale-trench-systems. Direct infiltration by underground facilities, such as pipes, trenches or sinks, without pretreatment of runoff is generally not permitted. Problems occur with runoff from metal roofs, traffic areas and industrial sites. However, due to site limitations, underground systems are often the only feasible option. To overcome this situation, a pollution control pit was developed with a hydrodynamic separator and a multistage filter made of coated porous concrete. The system treats runoff at source and protects soil, groundwater and receiving waterways. Typically, more than 90% of the pollutants such as sedimentary particles, hydrocarbons and heavy metals can be removed. Filters have been developed to treat even higher polluted stormwater loads from metal roofs and industrial sites. The treatment process is based on sedimentation, filtration, adsorption and chemical precipitation. Sediments are trapped in a special chamber within the pit and can be removed easily. Other pollutants are captured in the concrete filter upstream of the sediment separator chamber. Filters can be easily replaced.

Cities↗
PubMed2005

Metal concentrations in soil and seepage water due to infiltration of roof runoff by long term numerical modelling.

The qualitative effects of stormwater infiltration on soil and seepage water are investigated with long term numerical modelling. The retention behaviour of different soils and materials used in infiltration devices is determined with batch and column tests. Results of the laboratory tests are adsorption isotherms which represent input data for numerical transport modelling. The long term simulations are performed with combinations of different solutions (types of roof runoff) and infiltration devices (swale and trench) under different hydrogeological conditions. The presented results contain the infiltration of low polluted roof runoff, runoff from a roof with zinc sheets and from a roof with copper sheets concerning the heavy metals zinc, copper and lead. The increase of concentrations in the infiltration body is high. For the infiltrated water, the results show a migration to groundwater only for the low adsorbing soil.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2002

Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum--the Nuss procedure. A European multicentre experience.

Since the first description in 1998, the minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum has gained increasing acceptance. The aim of this survey is to report on the experiences of eight European centres with this technique. 172 patients with a mean age of 15.1 (+/- 4.6) years were treated and evaluated, 35.5 % were symptomatic. 45.3 % of the patients had an asymmetric configuration of the chest, 74.3 % had a CT index above 3.25. Mean duration of the operative procedure was 76 minutes. Major complications, including dislocation of the bar or stabiliser, pneumonia, atelectasis, local infection, pleural and pericardial effusion and liver injury occurred in 11.1 % of the patients. Minor complications, such as self-resolving pneumothorax, atelectasis and subcutaneous emphysema were reported in another 8.1 %. Early cosmetic results were excellent or good in 81.5 %. Although the surgical procedure is simple, blood-sparing and short, consideration of some important technical details, proper patient selection and knowledge of the limitations is of vital importance. Long-term results are still lacking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Gastrointestinal lymphonodular hyperplasia and lymphoid polyps of the rectum--a rare coincidence.

Lymphoid polyps of the rectum are rare lesions. We report on an 8 1/2-year-old boy, who presented with hematochezia and abdominal pain. Flexible endoscopy revealed large sessile polyps of the rectum and lymphonodular hyperplasia of the duodenum, terminal ileum und descending colon. One rectal polyp was excised in toto, microscopically it revealed the typical features of a lymphoid polyp. Based on the distinct follicular architecture, the cytomorphology and the immunohistochemical findings of the lymphatic infiltrate we were able to distinguish this lesion from malignant lymphoma. The coincidence of lymphoid polyps and gastrointestinal lymphonodular hyperplasia gives evidence that both entities are different variations of the same benign lymphoproliferative process. Lymphoid polyps of the rectum should be treated by local excision for diagnostic purposes. Immunohistochemical staining of fresh, nonfixed tissue is a useful ancillary technique in distinguishing these benign lesions from lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-lymphoma).

Biopsy↗
PubMed1997

[Does MRI compared with ultrasound examination add therapy-relevant knowledge in anorectal abnormalities?].

The topographical situation of the blind end of the recto-anal atresia to the musculus levator ani is the main question to ask when deciding on any operative procedure and for the prognosis of continence. In neonates, the use of preoperative perineal ultrasound is sufficient rather than magnetic resonance imaging in establishing the surgical way. In older incontinent children after pullthrough procedure, magnetic resonance imaging has benefits over endorectal ultrasound, especially in presenting muscular and cicatricial relationships.

Anus, Imperforate↗
PubMed1995

A modified ROC analysis for the selection of cut-off values and the definition of intermediate results of serodiagnostic tests.

A total number of 50 sera from clinically confirmed cases of canine Borrelia (B.) burgdorferi infection and 44 negative control sera were tested with a B. burgdorferi specific antibody ELISA. The data were submitted to the 'two-graph receiver operating characteristic' (TG-ROC) analysis which is a plot of the test sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) against the threshold (cut-off) value assuming the latter to be an independent variable. Thus, in contrast to the conventional ROC analysis, valid pairs of Se and Sp can be read for pre-assigned threshold values directly from the TG-ROC plots. A cut-off that realises equal test parameters (Se = Sp = theta 0 (theta-zero)) can be obtained as the intersection point of the two graphs. Since the value for theta 0 is below a preselected accuracy level (95% or 90%), two cut-off values are selected that represent the bounds of an 'intermediate range' (IR). IR can be considered as a 'borderline' range for the clinical interpretation of test results. The proportion of the measurement range (MR) that gives unambiguous test results can be expressed using IR as the 'valid range proportion' (VRP = (MR-IR)/MR). VRP and theta 0 are useful parameters for test comparison since they do not depend upon the selection of a single cut-off point. In addition, the selection of cut-off values is supported by graphical displays of efficiency, Youden's index and likelihood ratios which can be considered as functions of the pre-assigned cut-off value. TG-ROC was derived as a user-defined template for a commercially available spreadsheet programme (MS-EXCEL, Microsoft).

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Duplication of the alimentary canal in infants and children].

This is a review of 30 duplications of the alimentary tract in 28 patients treated at the Surgical Unit of the Children's Department of the Medical University of Pécs, Hungary and at the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the Medical Academy of Dresden, Germany, from 1964 to 1989. The ages of patients ranged from 1 day to 13 years, 80 per cent were less than 2 years of age at initial presentation. There were 6 thoracic, 20 abdominal and 2 thoracoabdominal duplications. Distended abdomen, vomiting, bowel obstruction and palpable abdominal mass were most frequently encountered. Plain thoracic and abdominal X-rays, ultrasonography, barium esophagogram, barium meal and enema were the most common diagnostic procedures. Emergency operative intervention was required in 18 patients. One infant died of an unrelated disease. Twenty-three duplications were cystic and 3 tubular. One patient had an appendiceal duplication, and another patient a flat lumenless duplication located on the perineum close to the anal opening. The surgical procedure--removal of the duplication--should not be more radical than necessary to eliminate the potential complaints and prevent recurrence. During surgery the common blood supply shared between the duplication and the native bowel must be carefully protected to avoid undue sacrifice of normal bowel.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Alimentary tract duplications in infants and children.

This is a review of 30 duplications of the alimentary tract in 28 patients treated at the Surgical Unit of the Children's Department of the Medical University of Pécs, Hungary, and at the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the Medical Academy of Dresden, Germany, from 1964 to 1989. The ages of patients ranged from 1 day to 13 years, 80 percent were less than 2 years of age at initial presentation. There were 6 thoracic, 20 abdominal and 2 thoraco-abdominal duplications. Distended abdomen, vomiting, bowel obstruction and palpable abdominal mass were most frequently encountered. Plain thoracic and abdominal x-rays, ultrasonography, barium esophagogram, barium meal and enema were the most common diagnostic procedures. Emergency operative intervention was required in 18 patients. One infant died of an unrelated disease. Twenty-three duplications were cystic and 3 tubular. One patient had an appendiceal duplication, and another patient a flat lumenless duplication located on the perineum close to the anal opening. The surgical procedure--removal of the duplication--should not be more radical than necessary to eliminate the potential complaints and prevent recurrence. During surgery the common blood supply shared between the duplication and the native bowel must be carefully protected to avoid undue sacrifice of normal bowel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Personal experiences with covering burns in children with amnion].

The different methods of local treatment of burns are still controversial. Aims of good local are the therapy prevention of fluid loss, loss of proteins, electrolytes, heat and energy, prevention eg. reduction of wound infections, preservation and acceleration of regeneration of remained own skin, influence on good formation of scars eg. preparing of high value as possible transplant-ground for eventual necessary skin transplantation. Experience in covering juvenile burn-injuries with lyophilized Human-Amnion were gathered in our department for more than 15 years. The treatment of patients with this "biological bandage" and results were demonstrated. In our opinion the method of primary amnion covering of juvenile burn-injuries is superior to other procedures.

Amnion↗
PubMed1988

[Replacement esophagoplasty by the jejunum].

The authors discuss the problem of oesophagus replacement in children with congenital Type Vogt II atresia. They describe their own experience obtained from replacement, using jejunum.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

[Aggressive fibromatoses. Treatment concept and results with special reference to ultrasound diagnosis].

Therapeutic tactics and control regime for aggressive fibromatosis are described in this paper, with reference being made to the authors' own patients. Locally delimited, wide excision without supporting radiotherapy is recommended also for recurrent cases. Anti-oestrogenic treatment has now been adopted to cope with locally delimited inoperability. The polytopic, usually congenital form of aggressive fibromatosis must be interpreted as a particularly unfavourable course with potential malignancy. Sonography so far has proved to be a suitable approach to pre-operative and postoperative screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[2 cases of pyloric atresia].

Two cases of pyloric atresia are presented. In the first case an isoperistaltic gastroenterostomia was performed with an atretic long segment. In the second child, pyloroplasty according to Finney was performed. The different possibilities of treatment are discussed.

Duodenum↗
PubMed1978

The protective effect of ketotifen in bronchial asthma.

Thirty-six patients with confirmed allergic bronchial asthma were divided into 3 parallel groups and treated with ketotifen 1 mg b.i.d. (Group I), ketotifen 2 mg b.i.d. (Group II), and clemastine 1 mg b.i.d. (Group III) respectively for 6 months. Nine out of 12 patients in Group I and 10 out of 12 in Group II experienced a statistically significant improvement in dyspnoea and in pulmonary function (Tiffeneau test). Likewise there was a marked reduction in the number, severity and average duration (minutes per week) of asthmatic attacks. By the 12th week, 8 out of 12 patients in the clemastine group had dropped out because of inefficacy. Ketotifen was very well tolerated by all the patients. In both ketotifen groups pathological eosinophil counts returned to normal during treatment. It can be concluded that ketotifen is effective in the long-term prophylaxis of bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical experience with ambroxol syrup (author's transl)].

In an open trial trans-4-[(2-amino-3,5-dibromo-benzyl)-amino]-cyclohexanol hydrochloride (ambroxol, NA 872) in the form of ambroxol syrup was given to non-hospitalised patients suffering from acute and chronic bronchitis. A marked reduction in coughing and dyspnoea as well as an improvement in expectoration was apparent. The maximum effect was reached on the third day of treatment. The effect can be maintained by consistent prolongation of the therapy. There were no side effects.

Administration, Oral↗