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Biomedical subjects

P Gathmann

Publications and source records attributed to P Gathmann.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Psychological health, self-reported physical health and health service use. Risk differential observed after one year of unemployment.

One year after the closure of a furniture factory the health consequences of long-term unemployment were studied among the 215 former employees and an interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to measure psychological health, self-perceived physical health and health service use. Those remaining unemployed 12 months after the closure were found to be 8 times more likely to report poor psychological health than were the re-employed (Odds ratio (OR): 8.5; 95% CI: 4.2-17.0). Self-reported physical ill-health was generally thought be respondents to be due to former work (56 percent of all disorders were related by subjects to former work history) and was also found to be associated with current employment status (OR 5.6; 95% CI: 2.7-11.5). Health services were over-utilized by the unemployed (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2-4.1) and this differential was demonstrated to be even greater for the older and those reporting more diseases. Given the increasing proportion of long term unemployed in many Western countries this health service over-utilization will impose a substantial burden on public health expenditures unless other means of psychological and social support are provided.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

[Psychosomatic aspects in otorhinolaryngology exemplified by the "globus" sensation].

The term "psychosomatic" is defined by means of the "globe" sign in its clinical use. Psychosomatic anamnesis is introduced as a mode to establish the somatic and psychic status. In this diagnostic therapeutic process the psychosomatically oriented ENT specialist assesses the pattern of these frequent psychophysical disturbances. The therapy of psychosomatic disorders is based on the multiplex aetiology of these diseases; therefore, psychosocial factors of distress must be considered with the same attention as the somatic signs and symptoms. To meet this challenge the specialist has to consider the therapeutic dialogue, psychodynamics and distress coping, effective relaxation techniques and the use of psychotropic drugs.

Conversion Disorder↗
PubMed1986

[What does psychotherapy accomplish in the treatment of psychosomatic disorders?].

Psychosomatic disorders are epidemiologically so frequent as often accompanied by psychic (anxiety), vegetative, and psychiatric (depression) symptoms. Efficient psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders must therefore influence vegetative (peripheric) and central arousal as well as deficient coping strategies. The latter trigger pathologic psychosomatic reaction patterns in (mostly) specific distressfull situations. Psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders effects: Relaxation of the overactivated and stimulation of the desactivated, a shift of the patient's exclusively somatic attribution of the disease to a psychosomatic one, more efficient coping strategies, a break-up of the pattern "conflict - emotion - vegetative irritation - physiologic reaction".

Arousal↗
PubMed1985

[Computer-assisted static and light-evoked dynamic pupillometry in psychosomatic patients].

Microprocessor-assisted pupillometry was used in this psychophysiological study to investigate the pupillary diameter (static pupillometry) and visual-evoked pupillary reactions (dynamic pupillometry) in psychosomatic patients (duodenal ulcers, ulcerative colitis, cardiac phobia, anorexia nervosa, bronchial asthma) as compared with age-and sex-matched normal controls. Statistical analyses including multivariate methods demonstrated interesting differences between psychosomatic patients and normal controls, as well as between various subtypes of psychosomatic disorders and elucidated also the influence of a 6 weeks' course of psychotherapy. The data give valuable clues to symptom/syndrome-specific psychophysiological reaction types, which may be of considerable relevance for the characterization of psychosomatic diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ulcerative colitis: a cyclothymic disorder?

While psychogenic aspects in ulcerative colitis have been comprehensively studied, much less attention has been given to sequence and interaction of psychic and somatic factors in psychopathological description. Onset of schizoaffective and cyclothymic symptomatology in 20 ulcerative colitis patients proved to occur only after somatic manifestation. As later on organic and psychic relapse never occurred simultaneously, further discussion should be centered on two points: Does schizoaffective cyclothymic axial syndrome occur separately from ulcerative colitis manifestation? Or is there a common etiological, pathogenic base for both somatic and psychic symptoms?

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1984

[Duration of spiral after-effects in psychosomatic patients (a psychophysiologic study and analysis of data using multivariate procedures)].

In a psychophysiological study the spiral after-effect, as measured by means of the Archimedes spiral, was investigated in 182 patients with psychosomatic disorders including duodenal ulcers, ulcerative colitis, anorexia nervosa, asthma and heart neurosis and compared with the results obtained in a control group of healthy volunteers (n = 30). Using multivariate data analysis it was possible to divide the total group of psychosomatic patients into various different subgroups which parallelled the subdivision from the clinical point of view. Moreover, the objectivation of the influence of psychotherapy lasting for 6 weeks on the duration of the after-effect was shown by this technique. These results suggest that the determination of the duration of the spiral after-effect may be of value in clinical psychodiagnostics.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathologic psychosomatic reaction pattern in aging patients: epidemiologic, diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic remarks].

Somatic, psychic, and social factors influence the Pathological Psychosomatic Reaction Pattern (PPSRP) in the elderly. Some administrative epidemiological, and differential-diagnostical data of the Viennese Psychosomatic Department comment on and extend previous findings. Because of the specificity of PPSRP in the elderly, specific preventive and therapeutic strategies are proposed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗