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Biomedical subjects

P Gaudry

Publications and source records attributed to P Gaudry.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Reflection on one case of acute peritonitis due to adjustable gastric banding during pregnancy].

Improving the information delivered to pregnant women with adjustable gastric banding is desirable. Indeed, we report a case of peritonitis on gastric banding due to Klebsiella pneumoniae complicated with fetal death. Then, we discuss the specific risks of infection on the gastric band during pregnancy. Although, according to the literature, prophylactic fluid removal from the band in early pregnancy is not recommended, data about complications in pregnancy due to gastric banding are limited.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Perianal basal cell carcinoma].

INTRODUCTION: The perianal localisation of a basal cell carcinoma is exceptional. Its long term progression and the modalities for its treatment should be known. OBSERVATION: A 66 Year-old man was referred for a non-regressive haemorrhoidal thrombosis. He presented with a painless but hemorrhagic lesion of the anal-cutaneous junction that had not progressed much over 5 Years but which did not heal. Following exeresis and biopsy, the anatomopathological exploration concluded in an ulcerous-nodular basal cell carcinoma. COMMENTS: The treatment of perianal basal cell carcinomas consists in the local exeresis of the tumour. Of good prognosis, the possibility of a local relapse however requires strict follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Enhancement of murine IgE antibody detection by IgG removal.

RATIONALE: Although animal models for the study of allergic reactions are desirable, the use of mice has been hindered by the lack of sufficiently sensitive in vitro immunoglobulin epsilon (IgE) antibody assays. The aim of this study was to enhance IgE antibody measurements by immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) depletion. METHODS: Seven- to eight-week-old female mice of four strains (C3H/HeJ, CBA/J, C57Bl/6J, and Balb/c) were immunized (20 mice/group) with shrimp or peanut extracts using Al(OH)(3) as adjuvant. Following immunization, animals were sacrificed by exsanguination and the sera of each group pooled. Initial measurements of IgE antibody levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were relatively low; IgG and IgE reactivity patterns by immunoblot were similar. Thus, sera from shrimp or peanut immunized mice were depleted of IgG (absorbed 3-6 times with immobilized protein G) and then tested for IgE antibody to shrimp or peanut allergen. RESULTS: A 3- to 5-fold increase in IgE antibody reactivity as measured by ELISA was demonstrated when >80-90% of the IgG was removed. This increase in detection of allergen-specific IgE occurred in sera from all mouse strains and to all allergens tested. In addition, reactivity of IgE antibodies to peanut or shrimp allergens by immunoblot increased visually approximately 4- to 10-fold. CONCLUSIONS: These studies indicate that allergen-specific IgG antibodies, which may be in more than 100-fold excess to IgE antibodies, interferes with detection of allergen-specific IgE, probably by competitive binding to allergenic epitopes. Substantial depletion of IgG antibodies (>80%) result in a significant increase in the sensitivity of the antibody measurements.

Allergens↗
PubMed2004

[Pregnancy after adjustable gastric band for morbid obesity: specific features of follow-up].

OBJECTIVE: To give pregnant women treated with an adjustable gastric band specific information on pregnancy and fetal outcome. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case report and discussion of the main complications and specific features follow-up during pregnancy. RESULTS: In our patient the gastric band was adjusted to prevent first trimester vomiting. Diet was not modified. Weight gain during pregnancy was limited to four kilograms (kg). A hypotrophic girl was delivered by cesarean section. CONCLUSION: The main difficulties concern first trimester vomiting and dietary advice. Information regarding the effects of gastric band on pregnancies is limited and requires further investigations. A national file on outcome of pregnancy in women with gastric bands would be useful to establish appropriate recommendations.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Work-related stress and depression among practicing emergency physicians: an international study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the levels of work-related stress and depression reported by practicing emergency physicians in three survey sites and to determine the effects of gender and marital status on the stress and depression experienced by these physicians. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mail surveys. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred sixty-four practicing emergency physicians from the United States, 91 fellows in full-time practice from Australasia, and 154 consultants and 47 senior registrars from the United Kingdom. INTERVENTION: Administration of questionnaires requesting demographic information and including an inventory to assess work-related stress and a scale to measure depressive symptomatology. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A 3 x 2 x 2 multivariate analysis of variance performed to compare scores on the stress inventory and depression scale simultaneously by survey site, gender, and marital status revealed significant differences in stress and depression by survey site and marital status. Univariate analyses of variance revealed significant differences in both stress and depression among the three survey sites and in depression by marital status. Adjusted means indicated that physicians from the United Kingdom reported higher levels of stress and depression than physicians from the United States and Australasia. Physicians from the United States and Australasia did not differ with respect to stress or depression. Physicians who were not married reported higher levels of depression than married physicians. No large mean differences, actual or adjusted, were found for any of the grouping factors. CONCLUSION: Statistical differences among practicing emergency physicians from the United States, Australasia, and the United Kingdom were observed, but the actual levels of work-related stress and depression were similar and did not appear severe. Marriage was associated with lower levels of depressive symptomatology.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Work-related stress and depression among physicians pursuing postgraduate training in emergency medicine: an international study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the levels of work-related stress and depression reported by physicians-in-training in emergency medicine in three survey sites and to determine the effects of gender and marital status on stress and depression among these physicians. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mail surveys. SETTING AND TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS: Physicians-in-training in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australasia. INTERVENTION: Questionnaires requesting demographic information and including scales assessing work-related stress and depression were administered. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A 3 x 2 x 2 multivariate analysis of variance in which survey site, gender, and marital status were independent variables and stress and depression scale scores were dependent variables revealed significant differences when stress and depression were analyzed simultaneously. Univariate analyses of variance revealed significant differences in stress by survey site and gender and in depression for all three independent variables. Comparison of adjusted means revealed that respondents from the United Kingdom reported significantly higher levels of stress than did respondents from the United States and that women reported significantly higher levels than men. Respondents from the United States reported significantly higher levels of depression than did respondents from the other countries, women reported higher levels than men, and unmarried respondents reported higher levels than married respondents. CONCLUSION: Despite limitations resulting from self-report bias, cross-sectional survey methodology, sampling error, and differences in training among the three survey sites, the respondents experienced similar levels of stress and depression attributable to anticipated sources.

Australia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of Glasgow Coma Scale in poisoning.

A 12-month prospective study was undertaken to observe current practice and to determine if a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 8 or less on admission is a useful parameter to predict the need for airway protection in poisoning. For the period of September 1988 to August 1989, there were 414 admissions for poisoning with 3 fatalities (0.7%). A total of 41 patients (10%) were assessed by attending physicians as requiring airway protection. An initial GCS of 8 or less had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 95% for predicting the need for intubation. Logistic regression analysis showed an odds ratio of 0.48 for the relationship between GCS and intubation, significant at P < 0.001. In addition, the absence of a gag reflex on admission gave a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 100% for predicting the need for airway protection. Further analysis showed that the presence or absence of a gag reflex added nothing to the GCS for the prediction of probability for intubation. In conclusion, an initial GCS of 8 or less was found to be a useful guideline for intubation. However, it should be used in conjunction with the clinical context.

Adolescent↗