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Biomedical subjects

P Govender

Publications and source records attributed to P Govender.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance breath-hold FLASH imaging in the diagnosis and staging of renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma accounts for 2% of all reported cancers. Its apparent incidence is increasing due to the more widespread use of cross-sectional imaging and as a result, tumours are being detected at an earlier stage. It is hoped that this improvement in early detection will result in a significant increase in survival rates. Radiological diagnosis and staging have a critical role in triaging patients' -treatment. Although computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound are well established in the evaluation of renal cell carcinoma, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques are still rapidly developing. In our institution breath-hold three-dimensional (3D) gadolinium-enhanced fast low-angled single shot (FLASH) spoiled gradient-echo sequence imaging has become an integral part of staging for renal cell carcinoma. In this article, we review our experience of the use of this emerging technique in the diagnosis and staging of renal cancer.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed2005

The imaging of intussusception.

Intussusception is defined as the telescoping of one segment of the gastrointestinal tract into an adjacent one. It is relatively common in children and is the second most common cause of an acute abdomen in this age group. It is much less common in adults and accounts for less than 5% of cases of mechanical small bowel obstruction. Whereas the diagnosis is usually already suspected in children before imaging, it is often made unexpectedly in adults. In addition, although in children there is usually no specific underlying cause, an underlying lead point is often present in adults. Plain film radiography, barium studies and ultrasound imaging play major roles in both the diagnosis and management of this condition, and it is increasingly common for the diagnosis to be made by CT and MRI, particularly in adults. This pictorial essay reviews the imaging features that may be found in patients with bowel intussusception. As well as describing the imaging features of the more commonly used tests, we also stress the role of emerging technologies such as MRI using ultrafast half-fourier sequences with single shot turbo spin echo.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2005

Blunt trauma to the spleen: ultrasonographic findings.

The spleen is the most frequently injured organ in adults who sustain blunt abdominal trauma. Splenic trauma accounts for approximately 25% to 30% of all intra-abdominal injuries. The management of splenic injury has undergone rapid change over the last decade, with increasing emphasis on splenic salvage and non-operative management. Identifying the presence and degree of splenic injury is critical in triaging the management of patients. Imaging is integral in the identification of splenic injuries, both at the time of injury and during follow-up. Although CT remains the gold standard in blunt abdominal trauma, US continues to play an important role in assessing the traumatized spleen. This pictorial review illustrates the various ultrasonographic appearances of the traumatized spleen. Correlation with other imaging is presented and complications that occur during follow-up are described.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Multimodality preoperative imaging of pancreatic insulinomas.

Pancreatic insulinomas are rare tumours of the islet cells of the pancreas, which account for the majority of functional neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas. There is often a typical history of recurrent hypoglycaemic collapse and dizzy spells. Insulinomas are usually solitary, and the vast majority are intra-pancreatic in location. They are characteristically small with approximately 66% being less than 2cm at presentation. Insulinomas continue to pose a diagnostic challenge to physicians, surgeons and radiologists alike. The role of imaging is to detect and provide precise anatomical localization and staging of tumours prior to surgery. Due to their small size at clinical presentation, they are notoriously difficult to localize radiologically, and specifically designed protocols are necessary to aid detection. In this review, we describe the current "state of the art" imaging protocols that may be used in the preoperative localization of insulinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in severe tetanus: current perspectives.

The enigma of autonomic nervous system dysfunction in severe tetanus is discussed in the light of recent and older evidence concerning the nature and action of tetanus toxin, its clinical effects, and therapy. Some suggestions for the pathogenesis and management of the cardiovascular disturbances are made.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1979

Group B streptococci in blacks.

Vaginal swabs were taken from 60 Black women attending a family planning clinic and from 60 attending a special clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. Using selective media, the isolation rate for group B streptococci was 26,7% in the former group and 40,0% in the latter. The isolation rates of other streptococcal serogroups are also given. All group B streptococci isolated were uniformly sensitive to penicillin but resistant to gentamicin. Clinical details of 7 patients with group B streptococcal septicaemia are also given.

Adult↗