[Endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct perforation in the course of acute pancreatitis].
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
P Gower
Publications and source records attributed to P Gower.
Nephropathy caused by Chinese herbs in the UK.
The use of Chinese herbal remedies is increasing in the UK. We report the presence of a nephrotoxic compound in herb samples, which led to end-stage renal failure in two patients. We suggest that use of these products is regulated more tightly.
Aristolochic Acids↗
Abnormal mucus in cap polyposis.
BACKGROUND: Cap polyposis is a rare disease characterised by mucoid and bloody diarrhoea, with polyps covered by a cap of mucoid and fibrinopurulent exudate. The pathogenesis is not known. AIMS: To pour some light on cap polyposis pathogenesis, by examining the mucus of patients and analysing the expression of five mucin genes, MUC2, MUC3, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC5B. PATIENT AND METHODS: The study was performed on biopsy specimens taken from a patient with recurrent cap polyposis. Histochemical examination, electron microscopy, and mRNA in situ hybridisation were used. RESULTS: The mucus of cap polyposis differed in three respects from that of normal adult colon: abnormal ultrastructure of the mucus in the goblet cells, predominance of non-sulphated mucins, abnormal expression of the MUC4, MUC3, and MUC5AC genes. CONCLUSIONS: Most of these abnormalities have been reported for other pathological situations, suggesting that the abnormalities observed in the mucus of this patient with cap polyposis are probably secondary phenomena rather than primary. However, the mucin abnormalities detected, which reflect deregulation of the expression of three apomucin genes, abnormal glycosylation, and abnormalities of the secretion process, are also probably involved in the clinical manifestations of cap polyposis.
Adult↗
Cap polyposis occurring in the postoperative course of pelvic surgery.
The case is reported of a 42 year old woman who presented with the characteristic clinical, sigmoidoscopic, and histological features of cap polyposis occurring in the postoperative course of pelvic surgery. Pathogenesis of cap polyposis is unknown. In this patient, abnormal colonic motility was not a likely aetiological factor as suggested in previous cases. Despite some arguments favouring an infectious origin or participation, no specific viral or bacterial agent was identified. Cap polyposis remains a poorly recognised condition, which may be confused with inflammatory bowel disease.
Adult↗
Ultrastructural immunogold studies of heparan sulphate proteoglycan in normal human glomeruli and glomerulonephritis.
The distribution of heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG) has been investigated in normal human glomeruli, membranous glomerulonephritis, mesangial IgA disease, and anti-glomerular basement membrane disease. HSPG was localized using anti-bovine HSPG antibody and 10 nm gold-labelled secondary antibody on paraformaldehyde-fixed, Lowicryl K4M resin-embedded kidneys. HSPG was present in all glomeruli and there was a zonation of its distribution in that it was predominantly on the epithelial aspect of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and mesangium with little in the central regions of the mesangial matrix. In the cases of immune complex glomerulonephritis, no HSPG was found in the electron-dense deposits. These findings contrast with our previous studies using the same technique in which type IV collagen and fibronectin were found predominantly on the endothelial aspect of the GBM.
Adult↗
Immunoelectron microscopic studies of immune complex deposits and basement membrane components in IgA nephropathy.
The relationship between the immune complex deposits of mesangial IgA nephropathy and the basement membrane components, type IV collagen and fibronectin, has been investigated by an indirect immunogold technique in four cases of mesangial IgA disease. Using paraformaldehyde-fixed, Lowicryl K4M resin-embedded kidney, IgA, IgM and C3 were localized in the mesangial electron-dense deposits with 10 and 20 nm gold-labelled secondary antibodies. In the same glomeruli, type IV collagen and fibronectin were rarely present within the electron-dense deposits, although both were distributed throughout the remainder of the mesangial matrix with the exception of the subepithelial regions. These two components were also present within the glomerular basement membrane and localized mainly on the endothelial aspect. A similar distribution of the basement membrane components was seen in a control kidney processed in the same way. This technique gives reproducible results and has demonstrated for the first time the relationship between the mesangial immune complex deposits of mesangial IgA nephropathy and the basement membrane components of the matrix in which they are found.
Adult↗
Impaired bacterial flora in human excluded colon.
We compared the rectal microflora of 16 patients with surgically excluded colorectum with 16 healthy controls. The cause of diversion was inflammatory bowel disease (n = 10), colon cancer (n = 3), miscellaneous (n = 3). Six patients had a diversion colitis. In the excluded colorectum, the total bacterial count was only slightly lower than controls but the variety of the flora was significantly reduced. This reduction was confined to strict anaerobes, mainly the genus Eubacterium and Bifidobacterium. Among aerobes, enterobacteria were more often isolated than in controls. This altered microflora of excluded colorectum could be involved in the mucosal damage observed in some cases.
Adult↗