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Biomedical subjects

P Granstrom

Publications and source records attributed to P Granstrom.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Follow-up of benign results of stereotactic core breast biopsy.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to obtain long-term follow-up data on women with benign histologic results of a breast stereotactic core needle biopsy (CNB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mammography charts of 300 consecutive women who underwent prone stereotactic CNB with digital radiography were reviewed. Women with frankly malignant or suspicious histologic findings (51 patients) or a technically unsuccessful stereotactic CNB (one patient) were excluded. The remaining 248 benign core biopsies in 229 women were included in the study. RESULTS: Follow-up mammograms were obtained for 152 lesions with benign histologic results following stereotactic CNB. The mean length of follow-up after stereotactic CNB was 34.6 months. Cancer was diagnosed in six women who underwent surgical biopsies 1/2 to 30 months after benign stereotactic CNB. An initial chart review demonstrated that no follow-up data were available for 64 lesions, and information was missing for an additional seven. CONCLUSION: SCNB remains a sampling procedure that can result in false-negative histologic results. Intrinsic procedural issues were identified that could minimize the potential for missing a malignancy. Goals for patient compliance with follow-up recommendations fell short of expectations.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Breast cancer diagnosis in women with subglandular silicone gel-filled augmentation implants.

PURPOSE: To determine whether breast augmentation implants interfere with detection of breast cancer and to characterize the projections that offer an improvement in the detection of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mammographic examinations, clinical presentation, and pathologic findings were retrospectively reviewed in 18 patients who underwent breast augmentation with silicone gel-filled implants. RESULTS: At diagnosis, 16 patients (89%) had palpable abnormalities. Standard mammographic views were negative in 17 patients (94%). Modified implant compression views (used with implant displacement) showed abnormalities in 12 patients (67%). Sixteen (89%) of the 18 patients had invasive carcinomas, and seven (39%) had positive axillary lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: Standard mammographic views are inadequate for breast cancer screening in patients with silicone gel-filled implants. Although additional modified compression views offer a moderate improvement in breast cancer detection, imaging with tangential mammographic views, sonography of palpable areas, and breast physical examination in conjunction with mammography will offer additional benefit in breast cancer detection.

Breast Implants↗
PubMed1995

MR imaging of the retroperitoneum.

The multiplanar and soft-tissue capabilities of MR imaging make it a valuable diagnostic tool for the retroperitoneal space and its organs. In addition, by virtue of its location, the retroperitoneum is well suited for study by this modality. Appropriate techniques, including the use of contrast, are discussed as are the normal and pathologic appearances of the organs and areas of the retroperitoneum.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1992

Bone marrow imaging using STIR at 0.5 and 1.5 T.

We retrospectively examined MR images in 82 patients to evaluate the usefulness of short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) in bone marrow imaging at 0.5 and 1.5 T. The study included 56 patients at 1.5 T and 26 patients at 0.5 T with a variety of pathologic bone marrow lesions (principally oncological), and compared the contrast and image quality of STIR imaging with spin-echo short repetition time/echo time (TR/TE), long TR/TE, and gradient-echo sequences. The pulse sequences were adjusted for optimal image quality, contrast, and fat nulling. STIR appears especially useful for the evaluation of red marrow (e.g., spine), where contrast between normal and infiltrated marrow is greater than with either gradient-echo or T1-weighted images. STIR is also extremely sensitive for evaluation of osteomyelitis, including soft tissue extent. In more peripheral (yellow) marrow, T1-weighted images are usually as sensitive as STIR. Limitations of STIR include artifacts, in particular motion artifact that at high field strength necessitates motion compensation. At 0.5 T, however, motion compensation is usually not necessary. Also, because of extreme sensitivity to water content, STIR may overstate the margins of a marrow lesion. With these limitations in mind, STIR is a very effective pulse sequence at both 0.5 and 1.5 T for evaluation of marrow abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Lovastatin therapy for cholesterol ester storage disease in two sisters.

We administered lovastatin to two sisters, aged 4 and 17 years, who had cholesterol ester storage disease, an autosomal recessive disorder manifested by hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. The drug, a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, was taken orally for 6 months. Serum lipid concentrations were determined monthly. Computed tomography of the liver was performed before and during therapy to evaluate liver fat content. The younger sister had liver biopsies before and after 6 months of lovastatin therapy to assess hepatic cholesterol stores. Both patients had marked decreases in serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels increased. Computed tomography during treatment demonstrated a significant increase in linear attenuation, suggesting a decreased liver fat content. Liver tissue obtained 6 months after lovastatin therapy was initiated had 13% less esterified cholesterol than the liver sample obtained before treatment. We conclude that lovastatin may be effective in treating children with cholesterol ester storage disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preliminary evaluation of iron phytate (inositol hexaphosphate) as a gastrointestinal MR contrast agent.

A simple, effective, safe, and well-tolerated contrast agent is needed as a bowel marker for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The authors tested a variety of foodstuffs admixed with ferric iron as potential gastrointestinal MR contrast agents. Phytate (inositol hexaphosphate) more than doubled the relaxivity of solutions of ferric iron. Because of the improved relaxivity of iron phytate, the concentration of iron could be reduced substantially relative to free ferric iron (eg, ferric chloride or ferric ammonium citrate). Imaging studies were performed in five volunteers to determine the optimal dose of iron phytate and in five additional volunteers to test its effectiveness. A 200 mg/L concentration of ferric iron with phytate functions as an effective gastrointestinal MR contrast agent for T1-weighted abdominal MR imaging, significantly improving bowel contrast (P < .01). Blood studies after contrast agent administration showed no appreciable increase in serum iron. Compared with standard chelate complexes that decrease the relaxivity of a given paramagnetic ion, phytate not only decreases the absorption of the iron but increases its relaxivity.

Contrast Media↗