Biomedical subjects

P Greenlee

Publications and source records attributed to P Greenlee.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed to canine T lymphocyte markers expressed during development.

Two monoclonal antibodies (mAb) which recognize cell surface antigens of canine T lymphocytes are described. mAb RQ1 (of IgG1 subclass) binds a 34 kDa peptide under non-reducing conditions which is expressed, on average, by 27 +/- 9% (n = 11 dogs) of thymocytes, with preferential binding for medullary, but not cortical thymocytes. RQ1 adheres to splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheath cells. In adult dogs (n = 7) RQ1 binds on average 86 +/- 7% of unstimulated canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (CPBMC), 69 +/- 13% (n = 11) of lymph node cells, and < or = 19% (n = 2) of bone marrow cells. RQ1 does not bind canine granulocytes, erythrocytes, fibroblasts or kidney epithelial cells. The relative density of RQ1-binding antigen (expressed as fluorescence intensity per cell) was up to 83% greater in lymph node cells than in thymocytes. Thus RQ1 appears to preferentially bind mature T cells. In contrast, mAb LQ1 (of IgG3 subclass, which binds a 32 kDa sialic acid containing glycoprotein) recognizes both cortical and medullary canine thymocytes as well as 75 +/- 6% CPBMC. This profile is characteristic of a pan-T cell marker. The simultaneous utilization of these two markers allows for the characterization of canine T lymphocyte development: early lymphocyte (e.g. LQ1+, RQ1- thymocytes), common lymphocyte (e.g. LQ1+, RQ1+ [dim fluorescence] thymocytes), and mature lymphocyte (e.g. LQ1+, RQ1 + [bright fluorescence]).

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Medication reporting in the workplace.

Impairment from medication use in hazardous work environments has not been well studied. We analyzed incident events in an explosive manufacturing facility using a retrospective case control study to determine whether medication use was related to safety incidents. Medication use between the incident group and the controls was not significantly different. However, 23% of the incident group had been employed by the facility for less than 1 year compared with 2% of controls. Only 19% of restricted medication use was self-reported. In this study, being employed less than 1 year was a greater predictor of safety incidents than was medication use, and self-reporting did not reflect actual medication use. We conclude that medication use is not directly related to safety events and that a self-reporting program is difficult to justify in the corporate setting.

Accidents, Occupational↗

PubMed1990

Zinc, magnesium, copper, and protein concentrations in human saliva: age- and sex-related differences.

Normal concentrations of trace elements in parotid saliva, supernatant- and sediment-mixed saliva, plasma, and hair were determined in 278 healthy adults grouped as young (18-29 y), middle-aged (30-64 y), and elderly (65-93 y). Age-related increases (p less than 0.05) were observed in concentrations of zinc in the supernatant of mixed saliva and parotid saliva, copper in plasma, and protein in all fractions of saliva studied. Concentrations of zinc in salivary sediment and plasma did not vary with age. Age-related decreases (p less than 0.05) were found in concentrations of magnesium in mixed-saliva supernatant, copper in salivary sediment, and zinc and copper in hair. Males had higher concentrations of zinc in plasma (p less than 0.05) and of copper in sediment (p less than 0.01) than did females but lower amounts of copper in plasma and of protein in parotid saliva (p less than 0.05). Concentrations of zinc in saliva were not correlated with those in plasma or hair. Copper in mixed-saliva supernatant was positively associated with concentrations in plasma but negatively related to concentrations in hair.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Clinical, biochemical, acid-base, and electrolyte abnormalities in cats after hypertonic sodium phosphate enema administration.

Ten clinically healthy cats were allotted into 2 groups. Group A was given the low (60 ml), and group B was given the high (120 ml) recommended dose of a commercial hypertonic sodium phosphate enema. Enema retention was enforced. All cats developed clinical and/or laboratory abnormalities, with group B cats being more severely affected. Clinical signs that occurred rapidly included depression, ataxia, vomition, bloody diarrhea, mucous membrane pallor, and stupor; tetany was not seen. One cat in group B died. Laboratory abnormalities included hypernatremia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, calculated hyperosmolality, and metabolic acidosis with high anion gap probably due to hyperlacticacidemia. There were no significant gross or microscopic lesions associated with enema administration. Therefore, the use of hypertonic sodium phosphate enema at recommended doses is potentially dangerous to cats.

Acidosis↗

PubMed1983

Basics in standardization and practical applications of immunofluorescent microscopy: standardization of antinuclear antibody tests.

ANA tests are, at present, the primary example of the diagnostic use of an indirect IF method. Appropriately standardized and interpreted ANA tests afford the primary sero-diagnostic screening test for certain connective tissue diseases. In the present state of the art of ANA testing, it appears possible to achieve appropriate standardization in up to 70% of laboratories, however, further work remains to be done to achieve a 90% or higher frequency of reliable testing among clinical laboratories for a given antigenic substrate. The present indications for the preparation and use of this and other IF methods assay systems for clinical laboratory studies are as follows: a. For each antigen substrate used for ANA tests, the manufacturers of kits or the laboratories which prepare their own ANA test reagents, should take responsibility for assuring that the sensitivity of their test systems as measured by ANA titers falls in the range expected for that particular antigenic substrate. b. If adequate assurance of the appropriate sensitivity level of a given ANA test system is provided both by their manufacturers and users, then physicians should be supplied with data on the frequencies of biologic false positives for different age groups of males and females as well as frequencies of biologic false negatives for at least the major diseases for which ANA are of diagnostic significance. Part II of this report (Chorzelski et al., in press) presents data on this point. c. Since ANA tests detect a heterogeneous population of antibody specificities, several of which are now recognized as having distinct clinical significance (Tan, 1981), appropriately standardized tests for each of these diagnostically relevant antibodies to identified nuclear antigens needs to be made available to physicians by clinical laboratories. They need to be provided with data on the frequencies of false negatives, biologic false positives and, importantly, with data on the kinetics or dynamics of the relationships between demonstrable immune responses and the clinical manifestation of the diseases. Much of this remains to be done. d. Steps need to be taken toward standardization and evaluation of other immunofluorescent microscopic methods used in clinical laboratories, notably the tests for anti-smooth muscle antibodies (Doniack and Roitt, 1968), the anti-mitochondrial antibodies (Paronetto and Popper, 1976), antithyroid antibodies (Johnson et al., 1965), antibodies to epithelial antigens (Beutner et al., 1979; Beutner et al., 1970) and others, (Hekman, Rumke, 1976; Kaplan, 1976; Rose and Witebsky, 1968; Rule and Genkins, 1976).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Successful modification of medical students' cardiovascular risk factors.

Modifying identified risk factors for cardiovascular disease should change an individual's risk. Educational interventions might change behavior to modify some risk factors. To evaluate this possibility, we evaluated the health and fitness status of freshman medical students at the University of Utah (n = 89) in 1983 and determined their cardiovascular risk factors. During a preventive cardiology course later that year, students received their results. We reevaluated the students during their senior year using the same method. For both years, we obtained complete data on 77 (87%) of the eligible students. As freshmen 83% of these students had at least one modifiable risk factor, compared with 62% with a risk as seniors. The number of reevaluated students with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low estimations of aerobic capacity, or both, decreased significantly (P = .009 and P = .0008, respectively). The preventive cardiology educational intervention may have changed behavior and improved cardiovascular risk factors.

Adolescent↗