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Biomedical subjects

P Guichard

Publications and source records attributed to P Guichard.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Comparison of occlusion in medieval and present-day populations in southeast France.

Two groups living in southeast France several centuries apart were compared to assess changes in occlusion from medieval times to the present day. The present-day sample included 82 people, and the medieval sample included the skulls of 58 people who lived between the 8th and the 17th centuries. Variations in tooth contacts were examined in accordance with Angle classification. A decrease in Class III occlusion (mesioclusion) was noted from medieval to present-day populations. The rate of Class II occlusion (distoclusion) has increased progressively and has became a general feature in the present-day population (34%). Although the rate of Class I occlusion has generally decreased from proto-historic and medieval times to the present day, it is still the highest percentage (45%) and thus the "normal" reference in European populations. This study highlights distoclusion in human teeth and allowed us to ask questions about functional, genetic, psychological, and environmental factors that cause this malocclusion as opposed to the global harmony that Angle described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Diabetic cardiomyopathy: the significance of creatine.

Diabetics exhibit a greater incidence of cardiovascular disease than non-diabetics. The vascular changes that occur are well documented and are thought to promote other clinical manifestations such as cardiomyopathy. Research has shown that the pathogenic events in the myocyte may occur independently of atherosclerotic processes. The atherosclerotic changes in diabetes involve non-enzymatic glycation of extracellular basement membrane proteins. We hypothesize that intracellular glycation events occur in cardiac tissue that alter intermediary metabolism, particularly Ca2+ homeostasis, which leads to cell dysfunction. Additionally, we hypothesize that the high steady state intracellular concentrations of unphosphorylated creatine may offer protection against the formation of advanced glycation endproducts by reacting directly with glucose metabolites that may have reached toxic levels in the myocyte of diabetics.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of an intravenous injection of nicardipine on cerebral blood flow in subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by intracranial aneurysm].

Fifteen patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysm have been operated before undergoing post surgery xenon inhalation for cerebral blood flow valuation: first measurement has been performed as CBF reference; 2nd measurement has been done after 0.1 mg.kg-1 I.V. bolus of nicardipine; sides effects are mainly due to BP fall 2/15 and some consequent neurological distress have been noticed (2/15); results should be carefully interpreted. Significant CBF increase have been measured after nicardipine injection, specially in brain area correlated to low CBF before injection (the lower the CBF, the higher the increase of local flow). The study prompt us to check the effect of nicardipine on patient (with CBF measurement after nicardipine test) before giving the treatment. Problems remain to be solved with further studies and not yet established: correlation between hemodynamics changes and clinical status and also which time of disease evolution is the best to be treated.

Adult↗