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Biomedical subjects

P H Höger

Publications and source records attributed to P H Höger.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Special features of the skin in newborns and young infants].

Detailed knowledge of the special features of neonatal and infant skin is a prerequisite for adequate skin care in this age group. Immediately postpartum, the newborn baby's skin assumes vital functions regarding water and electrolyte homeostasis and thermoregulation, as well as innate and adaptive host defense. Due to its functional and structural immaturity, premature skin requires special care. Mature neonates demonstrate benign, transient skin lesions that do not require specific therapy but have to be distinguished from serious and potentially life-threatening illnesses.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Dermatologic manifestations of infections in pediatric cancer patients].

Cutaneous infections in children and adolescents with cancer are frequently associated with a marked morbidity and mortality. Particularly neutropenic patients undergoing intensive cytostatic therapy or after allogenic stem cell transplantation are affected. In this group of patients, atypical manifestations of infectious skin disease are frequently observed which represent a diagnostic challenge. It is therefore essential for clinicians to be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and management of skin infections encountered in pediatric oncology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Naproxen-induced pseudoporphyria].

A 12 year old boy developed scars at light-exposed areas following long-term therapy with naproxen for rheumatoid arthritis. Erythrocyte and urine porphyrin levels were not increased, and there was no evidence of increased photosensitivity. Pseudoporphyria is reported in 10-20% of those treated with naproxen for > 4 weeks. As compared to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, the specific risk for naproxen is increased about 6fold. While the underlying abnormality has not been elucidated, formation of phototoxic metabolites in a subgroup of genetically predisposed individuals has been suggested as the most likely mechanism. Both dermatologists and rheumatologists should be aware of the risk of naproxen-induced pseudoporphyria and discontinue therapy early in order to avoid scar formation in light-exposed areas.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2000

[Unilateral laterothoracic exanthema. Case report and review of the literature].

Unilateral laterothoracic exanthem (ULE) developed in a 4-year-old-boy on maintenance therapy for acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL). This is the second reported case of an association between ULE and leukemia. The etiology of ULE is unknown. Endemic cases, frequently associated signs of upper respiratory infections, and the occurrence of ULE in immunocompromised hosts are suggestive of an infectious process.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1997

[Skeletal anomalies in nail-patella syndrome. Case report and overview].

The nail-patella syndrome (NPS), also known as hereditary onychoosteodysplasia (HOOD), is a hereditary disorder with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance involving nails, bones and other tissues. It is characterized by onchodysplasia of the finger nails (most prominent on the thumb and index finger) and V-shaped lunulae. Extraosseous manifestations include ocular (glaucoma, microcornea) and renal involvement (proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome). A variety of skeletal anomalies can be observed. We report a 59 year old male with NPS. In addition to dysplastic patellae and elbow joints and the pathognomonic posterior iliacal horns, he had involvement of humerus, radius, ulna. and finger bones, leading to early and painful degenerative changes. Furthermore, microproteinuria was noted. Early diagnosis of NPS is important to prevent early secondary arthrosis and severe renal damage.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1985

Craniosynostosis in hyper-IgE-syndrome.

A 9-year-old boy with hyperimmunoglobulin-E-syndrome (HIE) and craniosynostosis is reported. Premature fusion of the sagittal and lambdoid suture led to scaphocephaly. A partial optic atrophy without clinical signs of raised intracranial pressure was observed. This is the fourth reported case of craniosynostosis in HIE. Bone anomalies like osteoporosis are frequent findings in HIE. Apart from their clinical impact they could be related to factors involved in the pathogenesis of HIE, such as impairment of chemotaxis in tissues or monocyte differentiation.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Uptake, intracellular activity, and influence of rifampin on normal function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Quinone and hydroquinone forms of rifampin accumulated in normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) (maximal cellular to extracellular concentration ratio [C/Emax] +/- standard error of the mean, 9.36 +/- 0.54 and 8.82 +/- 0.65, respectively, after 5 to 10 min) and chronic granulomatous disease PMN (C/Emax, 13.76 +/- 0.77 and 14.29, respectively). Uptake of rifampin was influenced by incubation temperature and extracellular pH but not by phorbol myristate acetate stimulation or metabolic inhibitors. At extracellular concentrations between 0.06 and 5.0 mg/liter, rifampin significantly reduced the number of staphylococci surviving inside chronic granulomatous disease PMN, thus compensating for the bactericidal defect inherent with this disease. Spontaneous migration and chemotaxis of normal PMN were unaffected by rifampin. However, phagocytosis of yeast particles and oxygen consumption of stimulated PMN were moderately depressed, and O2- production and chemiluminescence were significantly depressed in a dose-dependent manner. The bactericidal activity of normal PMN was not impaired. Inhibition of chemiluminescence and O2- release were also observed in a cell-free system. We conclude that rifampin possesses favorable characteristics for the effective elimination of intracellular microorganisms. Further studies are needed to evaluate the in vivo significance of ion scavenging by rifampin, which could be hazardous to immunocompromised patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Chronic granulomatous disease: uptake and intracellular activity of fosfomycin in granulocytes.

In chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are unable to kill phagocytized catalase-positive bacteria. Therefore, patients with CGD are prone to infections and dependent on antimicrobial agents able to penetrate PMN membranes and to act intracellularly. Owing to their good lipid solubility, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and rifampicin passively diffuse the membrane. In contrast, fosfomycin is transported actively into the cell. In normal PMN, it reaches cellular-to-extracellular ratios of 1.83 after 15 min, in CGD-PMN 2.18 after 30 min. At concentrations between 16 and 200 mg/liter, fosfomycin was able to kill staphylococci surviving within CGD-PMN, thus compensating for the bactericidal deficiency in CGD. A combination of low concentrations of fosfomycin (8 mg/liter) plus rifampicin (0.06 mg/liter) was more effective at the intracellular level than either agent alone. Apart from a stimulation of PMN-chemiluminescence of yet unknown significance, the agent did not interfere with other neutrophil functions. Clinical investigations are indicated to study whether fosfomycin can be added to the small number of antibiotics useful in CGD.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Leprosy - An overview from a pediatric perspective].

Worldwide tourism is an increasing industry. One result of this phenomenon is the occurrence of imported infectious diseases, as recently observed even in Germany. Leprosy ranks high among dreaded infectious diseases from tropical and subtropical countries. It remains a major health threat despite marked improvements in diagnosis and therapy. This was achieved by a better understanding of bacteriological and immunological mechanisms over the past decades, resulting in a decline of Leprosy's incidence.

Age Factors↗