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Biomedical subjects

P Halpern

Publications and source records attributed to P Halpern.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Early use of naloxone in shock--a clinical trial.

Naloxone hydrochloride (N) 0.4-1.2 mg i.v. was administered during 10 episodes of shock (8 septic and 2 cardiogenic) in 9 adult patients. Shock was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) less than or equal to 90 mmHg and urine output less than 0.5 ml/h and signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion lasting for greater than or equal to 30 min, despite fluid loading to a CVP 5 cmH2O above baseline. N was given as early as 30 min after onset of shock and resulted in an increase of SBP from a mean of 75 +/- 10 to a mean of 130 +/- 25 mmHg maximum (P less than 0.01). Within 10-60 min urine output increased from 16 +/- 12 to 122 +/- 56 ml/h, heart rate, CVP and arterial blood gas tensions remained unchanged. No side effects were observed. Naloxone, even in small doses, may improve hemodynamic parameters in human shock, provided it is administered very early.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Rupture of the stomach in a diving accident with attempted resuscitation. A case report.

A compressed air diver suffered pulmonary barotrauma with arterial air embolization; resuscitation was unsuccessful. Attempts at resuscitation included mouth-to-mouth ventilation and cardiac massage. A chest radiograph taken during resuscitation revealed free intraperitoneal air. Postmortem examination showed rupture of the stomach. The two possible aetiological factors--barotrauma of ascent and cardiopulmonary resuscitation--are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of methyl prednisolone on normobaric pulmonary oxygen toxicity in rats.

Male albino rats were exposed to 81, 86, 90 or 99% oxygen until death. Rats were also administered methyl prednisolone (MP) 10-60 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally. MP-treated rats survived significantly less than controls: 53.5 +/- 4.7 vs. 65.2 +/- 8.2 h, p less than 0.001 in 99% O2, 74.4 +/- 9.4 vs. 120 +/- 39.8 h, p less than 0.02 in 86% O2 and 113.7 +/- 21.4 vs. 162 +/- 17.9 h, p less than 0.03 in 81% O2. Rats were exposed to 99% O2 for 10, 30 and 50 h and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in their lungs was monitored. MP-treated rats showed less increase in pulmonary SOD after 10 h (111 vs. 171%, p less than 0.03) but no effect on SOD activity thereafter. MP had no effect on the response of catalase to O2. No effect of MP on lung morphology could be found under the light microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for gas gangrene casualties in the Lebanon War, 1982.

Four gas gangrene casualties from the Lebanon War, 1982, were treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). Myonecrosis was diagnosed in three and intraabdominal spread of clostridial infection in one. In all four cases, HBO treatment, in combination with meticulous but conservative surgical debridements and proper antibiotic coverage, was begun within 24 h of diagnosis. HBO therapy was terminated when bacteriostasis was attained, as evidenced by no further spread of myonecrosis and the alleviation of systemic toxic symptoms. All four patients recovered from the clostridial infection, but one died later from other causes. HBO therapy enhances the survival rate of patients with gas gangrene, lowers the anesthetic risk, allows for maximal tissue preservation and helps avoid radical mutilating surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Arterial air embolism after penetrating lung injury.

We present a case of cerebral air embolism after a gunshot wound to the lung, combined with mechanical ventilation. Hyperbaric and pharmacologic therapy resulted in complete recovery. The discussion focuses on hyperbaric therapy as the mainstay of treatment, the importance of prophylactic measures, and prompt diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Saturation recompression therapy in a diving accident.

We report a case of cerebral air embolism caused by pulmonary barotrauma in a diver. Severe neurological symptoms, deterioration during decompression, and a prolonged, complicated, initial pressure profile indicated the need for saturation therapy. Few clinical cases treated by saturation recompression therapy (SRT) have been reported since its introduction in 1978 (1,5). SRT is an effective alternative for the management of complicated and persistent accidents involving intravascular bubbles.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cardiac decompression sickness: report and discussion of a case.

A case of first degree atrio-ventricular block, probably representing cardiac involvement by decompression sickness, is presented. The conduction defect resolved spontaneously 36 h after the initiating decompression insult, and was not accompanied by any other cardiovascular changes. The contribution of a recompression treatment, which alleviated accompanying Type I decompression sickness (DCS) symptoms, to the resolution of cardiac DCS is not certain. Cardiac symptoms of DCS do not receive enough consideration. It is suggested that an electrocardiogram should, whenever possible, form part of the basic evaluation of suspected DCS and of the initial workup of candidates for diving. A flow diagram for management of cardiac DCS is proposed.

Adult↗