PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Hanff

Publications and source records attributed to P Hanff.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA, RNA, and antibody in normal donor blood.

Peripheral blood samples from 313 normal donors were tested for prior human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection: 37%, 0.9%, and 43% of the samples were positive by antibody detection, DNA hybridization, and RNA hybridization assays, respectively. An early mRNA, which is transcribed from a HindIII-b fragment of the CMV genome and detected with an antisense RNA probe, can be detected more frequently than antibody and CMV DNA. The early CMV mRNA transcripts can be detected in the peripheral white blood cells in 44% of HCMV-seronegative blood donors. Blood samples that were CMV RNA positive but antibody negative comprised 27% of the tested samples. Whether CMV RNA in donor blood indicates that CMV can be transmitted via blood transfusion must be determined by further studies.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1993

Bioerodible polyanhydrides for antibiotic drug delivery: in vivo osteomyelitis treatment in a rat model system.

Acute and chronic osteomyelitis can be difficult to treat by conventional means. Current methods of treatment involve the use of systemic antibiotics, the local implantation of non-degradable drug carriers, and surgical débridement. Each method has specific drawbacks. We report on the use of a new controlled release system utilizing gentamicin and bioerodible, biocompatible polymers (polyanhydrides) designed for drug delivery applications for the treatment of clinical osteomyelitis. We compared this system's ability to reduce bacterial levels in infected bone with that of conventional non-degradable delivery systems based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and gentamicin. Polyanhydride copolymers of bis-carboxyphenoxypropane and sebacic acid P loaded with gentamicin sulfate and PMMA/gentamicin matrices were implanted in the long bones of Sprague-Dawley rats infected with a strain of Staphylococcus aureus. After 3 weeks of implantation, the polymeric delivery devices were removed and quantitative cultures were used to determine bacterial levels in bone. The polyanhydride/gentamicin matrices demonstrated significant degradation over the 3 week implantation period. Levels of bacteria, measured in colony forming units, were significantly lower in bone implanted with the polyanhydride/gentamicin release system than in long bones of control animals without an implant (p < 0.01), of animals with a polyanhydride polymer implant alone (p < 0.01), and of animals with a PMMA/gentamicin implant (p = 0.03). Bioerodible polyanhydrides show promise as a new treatment modality for infections in bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Antibiotic release from an experimental biodegradable bone cement.

An experimental biodegradable bone cement [poly(propylene fumarate)-methylmethacrylate] (PPF-MMA) has been compared in vivo with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as a carrier agent for local release of antibiotics. This approach is potentially applicable to the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis where the clinical goal is to achieve sustained high concentrations of antibiotics locally in the infected bone. In our experiments, gentamicin- and vancomycin-impregnated cylindrical PMMA and PPF-MMA cement specimens were implanted subcutaneously in rats, and blood and wound fluid samples were obtained over a 2-week period. Antibiotic levels were determined using immunoassays, and microbiologic activity was confirmed with agar diffusion techniques. The biodegradable PPF-MMA cement achieved and maintained considerably higher wound antibiotic levels than did PMMA cement. Vancomycin levels for the PPF-MMA cement were greater than 20 times those for the PMMA cement at all sampling times from 24 h to 14 days. For both cements, the serum antibiotic concentrations remained safely below maximum levels recommended for parenteral therapy. Mechanical testing of the PPF-MMA cement showed that admixture of 3% by weight of antibiotic did not adversely affect material properties. We conclude that this experimental biodegradable bone cement (PPF-MMA) can be used as a carrier to achieve high sustained local levels and low serum levels of antibiotics. Because it is biodegradable and thus does not require a secondary procedure for removal, it has special potential for use in treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.

Administration, Topical↗