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P Hilbert

Publications and source records attributed to P Hilbert.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Rat gene mapping using PCR-analyzed microsatellites.

One hundred and seventy-four rat loci which contain short tandem repeat sequences were extracted from the GenBank or EMBL data bases and used to define primers for amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the microsatellite regions, creating PCR-formatted sequence-tagged microsatellite sites (STMSs). One hundred and thirty-four STMSs for 118 loci, including 6 randomly cloned STMSs, were characterized: (i) PCR-analyzed loci were assigned to specific chromosomes using a panel of rat x mouse somatic cell hybrid clones. (ii) Length variation of the STMSs among 8 inbred rat strains could be visualized at 85 of 107 loci examined (79.4%). (iii) A genetic map, integrating biochemical, coat color, mutant and restriction fragment length polymorphism loci, was constructed based on the segregation of 125 polymorphic markers in seven rat backcrosses and in two F2 crosses. Twenty four linkage groups were identified, all of which were assigned to a defined chromosome. As a reflection of the bias for coding sequences in the public data bases, the STMSs described herein are often associated with genes. Hence, the genetic map we report coincides with a gene map. The corresponding map locations of the homologous mouse and human genes are also listed for comparative mapping purposes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Chromosomal mapping of two genetic loci associated with blood-pressure regulation in hereditary hypertensive rats.

The spontaneously hypertensive rat and the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat are useful models for human hypertension. In these strains hypertension is a polygenic trait, in which both autosomal and sex-linked genes can influence blood pressure. Linkage studies in crosses between the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat and the normotensive control strain Wistar-Kyoto have led to the localization of two genes, BP/SP-1 and BP/SP-2, that contribute significantly to blood pressure variation in the F2 population. BP/SP-1 and BP/SP-2 were assigned to rat chromosomes 10 and X, respectively. Comparison of the human and rat genetic maps indicates that BP/SP-1 could reside on human chromosome 17q in a region that also contains the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene (ACE). This encodes a key enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system, and is therefore a candidate gene in primary hypertension. A rat microsatellite marker of ACE was mapped to rat chromosome 10 within the region containing BP/SP-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

On the use of DNA fingerprints for linkage studies in cattle.

To find a marker for the bovine "muscular hypertrophy" gene and for the "roan" locus, we have typed six cattle pedigrees totaling 540 animals for nine blood group systems, for 12 biochemical markers, for RFLPs at four loci, and with five probes revealing multilocus DNA fingerprints. Segregation analysis of the fingerprint bands showed that, in cattle, a fingerprint probe will reveal a mean of 7.6 clearly resolvable bands, behaving as simple, highly informative Mendelian entities characterized by a mean mutation rate of +/- 1/4500 gametes. For one of the bands, we observed a "mutation burst" generating germline mosaicism. Because some of the fingerprint bands were allelic or corresponded to clustered minisatellites, a mean of only 5.7 independent loci is explored per probe. Fingerprint bands revealed by different probes also show a clear propensity for close linkage, pointing toward nonrandom distribution of minisatellite sequences or the existence of minisatellite clusters. Although this reduces the power of fingerprints for linkage analysis substantially, we were able to demonstrate genetic linkage between fingerprint bands and at least three of the classical markers, to exclude the roan locus from 4.5 Morgans of the bovine genome with the DNA fingerprints and for an additional 2.5 Morgans with the classical markers, and to identify a solid candidate marker for the bovine muscular hypertrophy gene, yielding a lod score greater than or equal to 2.84 without any obliged recombinant.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Linkage relationships among 20 genetic markers in cattle. Evidence for linkage between two pairs of blood group systems: B-Z and S-F/V respectively.

Five bovine paternal half-sib pedigrees for a total of 527 individuals were typed for six blood group systems: A, B, F/V, L, S, Z; for nine biochemical polymorphisms: ADA, MPI, PGM-3(slow), NP, Gc, Pi2, Tf, Ptf1 and Ptf2; and for restriction fragment length polymorphisms at five autosomal loci: Tg, GH, LDLr, BoLA-DQ and BoLA-DY. Two of the pedigrees were informative for segregation at the 'muscular hypertrophy' locus, and one was informative at the coat colour determining 'roan' locus. Linkage analysis was performed between all markers. Linkage was demonstrated between the S and F/V blood group systems (z = 3.11), adding one locus to the previously identified linkage group VII (LGVII) [Pi-2 and S], the most likely order being Pi2-S-F/V with maximum likelihood recombination rates of 0.208 and 0.211. Also shown to be linked were the blood group systems B and Z (z = 5.7, theta = 0.245). We confirmed the observation previously made by Andersson et al. (1988) of a high recombination rate between class II genes DQ and DY, suggesting either a larger physical distance between those genes than expected from comparative data, or the presence of a 'recombinational hotspot' in the bovine major histocompatibility complex. No linkage was found either with the 'muscular hypertrophy' locus, or with the 'roan' locus. However, these two loci could be excluded from respectively 1.7 and 2.5 Morgans of the bovine genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of genetic variation in the Belgian Blue cattle breed using DNA sequence polymorphism at the growth hormone, low density lipoprotein receptor, alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones and thyroglobulin loci.

New DNA sequence polymorphisms were identified at four bovine autosomal loci: growth hormone, low density lipoprotein receptor, alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones and thyroglobulin. Assuming independent assortment between these polymorphisms, the probabilities to be heterozygous at these four loci are 0.48, 0.36, 0.10 and 0.77 respectively, within the Belgian Blue Cattle breed (BBCB). Nucleotide diversity was estimated, showing that animals from the BBCB are heterozygous for 1/1450 nucleotides, a value significantly lower than the 1/500 value found in man. Moreover, we have estimated that the mutation rate at the cytosines of CG dinucleotides is about 10 times higher than that for other nucleotides.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

Use of DNA bar codes to resolve a canine paternity dispute.

The DNA fingerprinting method was used to resolve a canine paternity dispute. During the same estrus, a Shih Tzu bitch was inseminated by 2 dogs--a Shih Tzu and a Coton de Tulear. Because both breeds are alike phenotypically, it was difficult to decide whether the pups were purebred or of mixed breeding. The DNA bar codes indicated unambiguously that the 2 sires had fathered one pup each, thus documenting superfecundation.

Alleles↗