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P I Novikov

Publications and source records attributed to P I Novikov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Sex determination of forensic samples by polymerase chain reaction of the amelogenin gene and analysis by capillary electrophoresis with polymer matrix.

The aim of this study was to validate an application of GenePrint Sex Determination System based on amplification of a section of the X-Y homologous gene amelogenin followed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products for gender testing of forensic DNA. It was found that subnanogram quantities of male and female DNA were correctly detected by this system. Experiments were performed to investigate the possibility of quantitating the X-Y chromosome-specific PCR products to disclose sex-mixed DNA samples. It was found that observed electrophoretic profiles correctly reflected an X-Y chromosome proportion of the DNA sample which was introduced into the PCR mix. The tested amelogenin PCR-CE system was successfully used for gender testing of a wide range of biological evidence including sex-mixed DNA samples from rape cases. These results demonstrate that the tested amelogenin PCR-CE system is a useful tool for gender determination of forensic DNA.

Amelogenin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Testing problems regarding narcotic substances in hair analysis].

The authors discuss legal, ethic, and technological problems associated with introduction of drug testing by analysis of hair in Russia. There are sufficiently reliable methods of hair analysis, but lack of legal basis and poor equipment of forensic chemical departments impede the introduction and wide use of these methods in Russia. The authors propose certification of the best equipped departments and render them the legal status of regional centers for tests for narcotics and psychotropic agents.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Population study of D1S80 locus in Caucasians living in the Ural region of Russia by capillary electrophoresis].

A series of screening tests showed that separation of polymerase chain reaction products and identification of D1S80 by capillary electrophoresis with the use of hydroxyethyl cellulose as the substituting screening template and double internal DNA reference is an accurate, rapid, and reliable method, fit for routine use. D1S80-allele frequencies for Caucasian population were determined in a population of 340 unrelated individuals living in the Ural region of Russia. The D1S80 genotypical frequencies in this population sample do not statistically deviate from the Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The discrimination power for this locus is 0.935. Significant deviations from the zero hypothesis of population homogeneity were detected by comparison of 4 Caucasian population samples. Differences in the frequencies of alleles 25, 30, and 31 seem to be the main cause of heterogeneity in paired comparison.

Electrophoresis, Capillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of alcohol in heroin overdose].

The relationship between ethanol and risk of heroin overdosage was studied. Statistical processing of the results of forensic chemical analysis (460 expert evaluations) carried out in Chelyabinsk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Expert Evaluations in 2000 was carried out. The results of morphine and ethanol measurements in the blood and urine from corpses where deaths ensued from narcotic or ethanol poisoning, were analyzed. The concentrations of morphine in the blood and urine were measured on a gaseous chromatographer with mass-selective detector (Hewlett Packard HP 6890/HP-5972). Methods for measuring urinary and blood morphine are described. The results of statistical analysis demonstrated relationships between the age and ethanol concentrations in the blood and urine; blood ethanol and total urinary and blood morphine concentrations; blood concentration of free morphine and presence of 6-monoacetylmorphine in the blood. The authors conclude that the presence of ethanol in the blood together with morphine drastically augments the risk of rapid death from respiration arrest. It can also lead to a relatively high risk of overdosage in experienced narcomaniacs using heroin and ethanol.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Population study of HLA DQA1, LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC loci in Caucasians living in the Ural region of Russia].

Allele frequencies have been determined for 6 tested locuses. The distribution of HLA DQA1 gene and locuses of Polymarker kit (Perkin Elmer, USA) for population studies conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Inequilibrium for linkage for all possible locus pairs was tested by an accurate test. No statistically significant inequilibrium was detected. Paired comparison of allele frequencies of tested locuses of the Ural population with other Caucasoid populations showed homogeneity for GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and HLA DQA1 locuses. Significant differences for 1 and 2 of the 4 compared pairs were detected for LDLR and GC locuses, respectively. The total discrimination potential for 6 tested locuses was 0.9995. Our population study showed that high informative value of the tested genetic markers and conformity to HWE make them a useful tool for forensic genetic studies in the Ural Caucasoid population. Preliminary assessment of the efficiency of PCR of 6 studied locuses by capillary electrophoresis is highly effective in typing of DNA samples isolated from material evidences with negligible content of biological material with presumably high degree of degradation and for evaluating the positive and negative amplification controls.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of capillary electrophoresis for the study of D13S317 and D7S820 microsatellites in Caucasian population of the Ural region of Russia].

A method for the simultaneous amplification and typing of microsatellites D13S17 and D7S820 by using monocomplex sets GenePrint Fluorescent STR Systems ("Promega Corp.", USA) was worked out. The offered method is accurate, reproductive, sensitive and needs a short time for analysis. Allele frequencies D13S17 and D7S820 for the above mentioned Caucasians were determined on the population sample of 120 persons who were not relatives and who resided in the Ural region of Russia. The genotype frequencies of both locuses in this population sample did not differ statistically from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The aggregate discrimination factor for both locuses amounted to 0.995. The null hypothesis of independence among locuses D13S17 and D7S820 was checked by using an accurate test. No relation was found between alleles of the 2 tested locuses in the population sample of Ural Caucasians. The testing of the null hypothesis of the population homogeneity of allele frequencies of the examined locuses showed, among 5 Caucasian population samples, a reliable difference only for locus D7S802 in case of a couple of an Ural and Polish population sample. Allele frequencies for other couples were homogeneous.

DNA↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the weather conditions on process of temperature changes of cadaver in diagnostics of the time of death].

The impact exerted by weather conditions on the changing cadaver temperature (CCT) is described in the paper. Various meteorological phenomena influence the cadaver as an open thermodynamic system, which affects the accuracy of death prescription (DP). A variety of such impacts are described; trends for further elaboration of algorithms, which account for the environmental factors in mathematical modeling of CCD for the purpose of a more accurate DP diagnosis, are defined.

Body Temperature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Studies of the allelic diversity in micro-satellite locus D16S539, F13B, FESFPS, TH01, and TROX in European population of Russia Ural region using capillary electrophoresis].

Allelic frequencies of chromosome micro-satellite locuses D16S539, F13B, FESFPS, TH01 and TPOX were determined, within the case study, in a sampling of Europeoidal individuals residing in Russia's Ural Region. The allelic variants were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis after the enzyme amplification in polymerase chain reaction with fluorescent primers. The genotypic frequencies of the studied locuses were shown not to divert with statistical reliability from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The estimated aggregate discriminative potential for a panel of 5 studied locuses made 0.99995. No nonequilibrium was found by linkage between alleles of all lucuses examined within the present case study or between their alleles and the alleles of previously investigated locuses D7S820 and D13S317. The implemented testing of the population homogeneity of allelic frequencies of investigated locuses for 3 samplings of Europeoids showed a deviation for locus FESFPS versus the Ural and Polish samplings and for locus F13B in the Ural and North America samplings. The distribution of allelic frequencies of other locuses was homogenous in the compared samplings.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methodology of determination of the time of death and outlooks for the further development].

A methodological analysis of diagnosing the prescription of death coming (PDC) is described in the paper. Key philosophic fundamentals for further novel and more effective methods of PDC determination are elucidated. Main requirement applicable to postmortem diagnosis are defined. Different methods of modeling the postmortem process are demonstrated by the example of cadaver cooling, i.e. in real time, by analogue computer systems and by mathematic modeling. The traditional empiric and the adaptive approaches are comparatively analyzed in modeling the postmortem processes for the PDC diagnosis. A variety of promising trends for further related research is outlined.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The methodological aspects of establishing the time of death].

Methodological analysis of essence of problem concerning postmortem interval estimation is given. The authors present the most promising ways of scientific research on this problem and possibilities of practical use of results of scientific research. The general methods of postmortem interval estimation including wired-in analogy (criterial) method and methods of modelling postmortal processes (mathematical and physical) are analysed. Graph of logical structures of modes of postmortem interval estimation and means of their realization is given.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A diagnostic program for estimating the time of death using microcalculators MK-61 and B3-34].

The programme design is based on the process of changes in dead body temperature. Specific features of the process of changes in temperature values of a dead body are characterized by a parameter which involves process sample obtained by temperature measurements in diagnostical area of a cadaver at the accident scene during 1 hour. Programme provides for estimation of postmortem interval within the first 60 h after death occurrence. Diagnostical deviations don't exceed +/- 3% as compared to the real time of death.

Body Temperature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Realization of an adaptive method of simulating the process of temperature change of a cadaver on a microcomputer].

Programme based on mathematical model of the process of dead body temperature changing was developed for estimation of postmortem interval. Automatic retrieval of problem solution was performed on programmable microcalculators of "Electronica MK-61" type using adaptive approach. Diagnostical accuracy in case of dead body being preserved in permanent cooling conditions is +/- 3%.

Body Temperature↗