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Biomedical subjects

P J Goodnick

Publications and source records attributed to P J Goodnick.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Bupropion treatment of fluoxetine-resistant chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) includes many symptoms of major depression. For this reason, many antidepressants have been used to treat the symptoms of this disorder. Among the more recently released antidepressants are fluoxetine and bupropion. In this open study, nine CFS patients who either could not tolerate or did not respond to fluoxetine showed significant response when administered 300 mg/day of bupropion for an 8-week period in both rating of HDRS (t = 4.80, p < 0.01) and BDI (t = 2.48, p < 0.05). Furthermore, bupropion improvement in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale correlated significantly with change in plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) (r = 0.96, p < 0.01). Plasma total methylhydroxyphenolglycol (MHPG) also increased significantly during bupropion treatment (t = 2.37, p = 0.05). Measures of T1 microsomal antibodies also decreased over treatment time; increases in natural killer cell numbers correlated inversely with change in plasma levels of free MHPG (r = -0.88, p < 0.05). Bupropion responders were more likely to have trough blood levels above 30 ng/ml (chi 2 = 3.6, p = 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Blood levels and acute response to bupropion.

Twenty-three patients with major depressive disorder were treated with bupropion in an open-design protocol. Fifteen (65.2%) of the 23 responded with a more than 50% decrease in scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. Patients with trough blood levels of 10-29 ng/ml had a significantly better response than those with trough levels of 30 ng/ml or more. This preliminary result warrants further, double-blind evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Lithium pharmacokinetics.

Lithium, in various forms, has been used in the treatment and prophylaxis of bipolar affective disorder since the mid-1960s. In the past 30-plus years, much has been learned regarding lithium's effects on the renal function, improved ways and forms of administering and monitoring serum lithium levels, the effect of mood state on lithium kinetics, and the influence of age and disease factors. Furthermore, the interaction of lithium with other psychotropics as well as with non-psychotropics, in particular, the diuretics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, has frequently become a source of concern. This review highlights current knowledge on these topics with a view toward future developments.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of second generation antidepressants: fluoxetine.

Fluoxetine is a serotonin-specific antidepressant approved in 1987 by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of depression. In this article, information will be reviewed concerning fluoxetine's pharmacokinetics and relation to blood levels and clinical response, to use in geriatrics, to use in medical illness, and to drug interactions.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of second generation antidepressants: bupropion.

Bupropion is a relatively dopamine-specific antidepressant approved for release by the Food and Drug Administration in 1989. Topics included in this review are pharmacokinetics as related to blood levels and clinical response, bupropion's use in the elderly and in the medically impaired, and drug interactions of note.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1988

Calmodulin-activated calcium ATPase in bipolar illness.

Calmodulin-activated calcium ATPase is a transport enzyme which establishes the normal level of intracellular ionized calcium in most cells. We have determined values for three parameters of this enzyme: E-t, the concentration in the membrane; Vmax, the maximal velocity, and Ka, the binding affinity for calmodulin. We assayed these parameters in erythrocyte membranes from lithium carbonate-treated bipolar subjects and from normal controls. Bipolar subjects have significantly increased levels of E-t compared with normal controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Inter-episode major and subclinical symptoms in affective disorder.

A prospective 1-year study was conducted in 69 patients with affective disorder. Despite remission, there was a significant continued presence at each visit of major symptoms of mania and depression and of mean mood shift. Furthermore, sub-clinical affective symptoms, as determined by General Behavior Inventory self-rating scores completed at 4 month intervals, continued at a level throughout the entire year significantly higher in patients than in 14 normal controls. Finally, as expected, presence of subclinical symptoms on the GBI correlated significantly with presence of major symptoms and mood shift. Correlation varied from 0.55 to 0.61; all significances were less than 0.001.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lithium level and inter-episode symptoms in affective disorder.

Forty-two patients with a history of affective disorder on lithium prophylaxis alone participated in a prospective 1-year study of inter-episode symptoms. Despite expected significant differences in mean plasma lithium level in patients, those with mean levels above the median (0.82 +/- 0.10 mEq/l) did not differ in incidence of major symptoms per visit, in mood shift per visit, or in rate of subclinical symptoms on the General Behavior Inventory from those patients with mean level below the median (0.52 +/- 0.09 mEq/l).

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1986

Fluoxetine response: endpoint vs pattern analysis.

A 6-week double-blind trial of fluoxetine treatment of unipolar major depressive disorder in 49 patients was evaluated in terms of improvement in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Clinical Global Improvement (CGI) scores. A relationship was found between change in HDRS (absolute and percentage decrease from baseline) and final CGI ratings. However, because of a few placebo-responders, endpoint analysis with both the HDRS and CGI showed no differences between active drug and placebo. Pattern analysis of persistent response did successively separate active drug from placebo (less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pattern analysis of antidepressant response to fluoxetine.

Seventy patients with unipolar major depressive disorder were treated with fluoxetine or placebo in a 6-week double-blind trial and were evaluated by changes in scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and the global improvement measure of the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale. High correlations were found between the changes in HAM-D scores from baseline to endpoint and the final CGI improvement ratings. In patients with moderate depression (baseline HAM-D score of 20 or more), the differences in endpoint analysis between active treatment and placebo groups were significant. A persistent pattern of improvement was noted in 27% of those receiving fluoxetine but in none of those receiving placebo. Physician and patient evaluations as determined by the improvement measure of the CGI were closely correlated.

Adolescent↗