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Biomedical subjects

P J Hamilton

Publications and source records attributed to P J Hamilton.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Smoking and other risk factors for coronary heart-disease in British civil servants.

A five-year follow-up of 18 403 male British civil servants between the age of 40 and 64, who had been the subject of an earlier clinical survey found 277 deaths from coronary heart-disease (C.H.D.). After adjusting for age, current cigarette smoking, systolic and diastolic blood-pressure, and blood-cholesterol were shown to be related to both the prevalence of one or more indices of cardiac ischaemia and to the risk of cardiac death. Neither blood-glucose two hours after a 50 g load nor weight/height showed any such simple linear association with mortality. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the main risk factors were independently related to cardiac morbidity and mortality. Irrespective of blood-pressure or plasma-cholesterol, current cigarette smokers thus had a higher risk of C.H.D. death than those not smoking cigarettes.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

An assessment of the comparative advantages of paediatric activities using routine hospital records.

Comparison is made of the advantages, in terms of benefit to patients and salary costs, of employing a consultant paediatrician and non-specialist physicians in clinical work, management activities, research, and education. Comparisons are based on data derived by a simple method from inpatient records of 10 125 children aged 0-5 years admitted over a 23-month period to Mbale Hospital, Uganda. Benefits to inpatients were assessed from the quarterly death and failure rates and the proportion of failures occurring within 24 h of admission to hospital. The relative costs of the various items of medical work were based on the salary costs that they incurred. The advantages of one activity compared with another are demonstrated, and the results clearly indicate that greater benefit at lower cost was obtained by the use of physicians in management and supervisory work than by employing them in the routine care of inpatients.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

Infection with Schistosoma mansoni in the Gezire area of the Sudan.

A survey for schistosomiasis in a village in the Gezira area of the Sudan in 1973 showed that there has probably been a great increase in the incidence of S. mansoni infection in the last 25 years. Severe morbidity was uncommon in this sample but overt infection was associated with the symptoms of bloody diarrhoea, tiredness, and possibly abdominal pain, and with a reduced level of haemoglobin. Hepatosplenomegaly was common and schistosomiasis is considered to have contributed to this, although hyperendemic malaria must also have been important in its causation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

False positive infectious mononucleosis serology in epilepsy.

Positive serum tests for infectious mononucleosis (IM) unaccompanied by the clinical syndrome or blood changes characteristic of the disease were detected in 39/177 (22%) mentally subnormal patients investigated with three different commercially available IM slide tests. Slide positively was still detectable six months later in 27/35 (77%) positive reactors. Positive IM slide tests were significantly associated with anticonvulsant, primarily phenobarbitone therapy and with concomitant elevations of immunoglobulins IgG and IgM. Epstein Barr virus antibodies were not detectable in the sera of 8/38 (21%) positive slide reactors. The implications of these observations are discussed and attention is drawn to the variations in sensitivity, specificity, and comparability of different IM slide tests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The prognostic value of head nodules and microfilariae in the skin in relation to ocular onchocerciasis.

The examination of 250 cases of onchocerciasis from the Sudan-savanna of northern Cameroon showed a strong association between microfilarial invasion of the eye and microfilarial skin concentrations at the outer canthus. It was also shown that the presence of a head nodule was associated with a high microfilarial skin concentration around the eye. It is suggested that these findings are of practical importance in the field for the early detection of cases at risk of developing serious ocular lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

The effect of age upon the coagulation system.

Factors V, VII, VIII, X, XI, and XII of the coagulation system, platelet count, and antithrombin III levels were assayed in 20 healthy volunteers aged 20-40 years and 61 elderly subjects aged 66-96 years whose skinfold thickness was also measured. Factors XI, XII, and antithrombin III levels tended to increase in women and decrease in men while factors X, VII, and V tended to increase in both males and females with advancing years. No age or sex differences were found in platelet counts or factor VIII levels. Factor VIII levels were inversely correlated with obesity in elderly males (r = -0.56, p < 0.005).

Adult↗
PubMed1974

The effect of age on the fibrinolytic enzyme system.

Components of the fibrinolytic enzyme system, FR-antigen and fibrinogen, were measured in 20 healthy volunteers aged 20-40 years and in 61 elderly subjects aged 66-96 years. Plasminogen activator levels did not significantly differ between the 20-40 and 66-75 age groups, but were higher in those over 75. Plasminogen showed no change with age except for a fall in those over 75. Fibrinogen, FR-antigen, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, and alpha(2)-macroglobulin all rose with age, but the mean fibrinogen concentration fell in the very elderly.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

The interrelationships and stability of Coulter S-determined blood indices.

The blood of 104 medical inpatients was examined at various intervals during storage for 72 hours using a Coulter S counter. Over this period remarkable stability of the white cell count, red cell count, haemoglobin, and mean cell haemoglobin was demonstrated. This permits a useful interpretation of indices obtained in routine postal samples sent to the laboratory by general practitioners for screening. Furthermore, the implications of high correlations between red cell indices in freshly examined blood are considered and the regression line MCV = 2.5 MCH + 16 is derived. Using this relationship the normal range of the Coulter S MCHC is defined as 32.6-33.7 g/dl. The significance of the Coulter MCHC in present-day practice is reassessed and the importance of recognizing values for MCV and MCH not coinciding with the regression line is briefly discussed.

Blood Cell Count↗