P J Howrigan | PubMed Health

PubMed1994

Reduction and augmentation mammoplasty.

Women seek reduction mammoplasty for alleviation of their symptoms of mammary hypertrophy, which may include upper back and neck pain, strain, or muscle spasm. Many of these women also desire an improvement in their appearance. Augmentation mammoplasty is sought by women for enlargement of the breasts and to attain a well-proportioned figure. Women who have experienced postpartum involution of the breasts request augmentation mammoplasty to regain the size and shape of their breasts prior to pregnancy. The historical background of these procedures, preoperative evaluation, and technical considerations are presented.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Pseudocyst formation after rectus flap breast reconstruction: diagnosis and treatment.

Pseudocyst is an unusual complication occurring after rectus flap breast reconstruction. Of four patients in whom a preoperative diagnosis of pseudocyst was made, three had epigastric masses and a fourth presented with a mass of the chest wall. The three patients with epigastric masses were identified by physical examination and evaluated by aspiration of cyst contents. Imaging with computed tomography delineated cyst anatomy and assisted in confirmation of the diagnosis. Most likely, the pathogenesis of these lesions is related to undrained or clinically undetected serous collections which ultimately form firm walls of fibrin. Although all the patients had ipsilateral rectus flap reconstructions, flap transposition does not appear to be causally related to any fluid accumulation. In one patient, a squamous carcinoma, probably arising from the original intraductal breast pathology, created physical and computed tomographic findings suggestive of pseudocyst. Therefore, confirmation of the diagnosis by biopsy, combined with excision, or, at least, biopsy of the anterior cyst wall is recommended in patients with this condition. All three patients with epigastric pseudocysts were explored. There have been no recurrences after an average of 28 months.

Abdominal Muscles↗