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Biomedical subjects

P J Sørensen

Publications and source records attributed to P J Sørensen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Intracranial hemorrhage in mature infants without predisposing factors].

Four mature infants developed intracranial haemorrhage at ages from ten hours to five weeks. No predisposing or provoking factors could be demonstrated. The symptoms were apnoea, vomiting, pyrexia, irritability, tremor, hypertonicity, seizures and tense fontanelle. The diagnosis was established by ultrasound scanning and confirmed by computed tomographic scanning. The infants developed hydrocephalus requiring treatment. During the period of observation, these infants showed normal psychomotor development and the neurological findings were normal.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1990

Change in renal tubular sodium and water handling during progression of polycystic kidney disease: relationship to atrial natriuretic peptide.

Renal tubular sodium and water handling determined by the lithium clearance technique, plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), angiotensin II, aldosterone, arginine vasopressin (AVP), and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were determined both during basal conditions and before and after intravenous sodium loading with a 2.5% sodium chloride solution in patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), ten with normal or slightly reduced kidney function (PKDN) and seven with moderately reduced kidney function (PKDR), and in 15 healthy controls. In PKDN tubular function was normal, whereas in PKDR both proximal and distal reabsorption of sodium and water were reduced. Angiotensin II and aldosterone were normal in both groups of patients. During basal conditions ANP was higher in PKDR than in PKDN. PGE2 was significantly higher in PKDR than in PKDN. For all patients significant correlations were found between GFR and both ANP (rho = -0.51, n = 17, P less than 0.05) and PGE2 (rho = -0.53, n = 17, P less than 0.05). It is concluded that renal sodium handling is normal in the early stages of PKD. With deterioration of kidney function both proximal and distal tubular reabsorption of sodium is reduced and the accompanying changes in ANP and PGE2 may be compensatory phenomena counteracting declining glomerular filtration rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Protein C assays in uremia.

Protein C was determined in 42 patients with terminal uremia and 20 healthy controls in three different ways 1) anticoagulant activity 2) amidolytic activity 3) antigen level. Protein C anticoagulant activity was markedly decreased in uremia, but was partly normalized during hemodialysis treatment, whereas the amidolytic activity and antigen level of protein C were normal and without changes during dialysis. The activities and antigen levels of factor II and X were normal before and after hemodialysis. In anticoagulated patients we found a good correlation between prothrombin levels and protein C levels determined with three different assays. We did not find any evidence for a defect carboxylation of protein C as the cause for the defective protein C in uremia. The BaCl2 precipitation in the Protein C anticoagulant assay was incomplete both in uremia and in controls but without differences between the two groups. In vitro addition of urea and creatinine did not decrease protein C activity. The cause of the defective protein C in uremia is still not known but it might contribute to thromboembolic complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Protein C in renal allotransplantation during the perioperative period.

Protein C activity, both coagulant and amidolytic, as well as antigen level were studied during the perioperative period in 40 renal transplants recipients and 21 healthy controls. At transplantations the protein C coagulant activity was significantly lower in the patients than in the normal controls, and further decreased in the patients during the first week after transplantation, whereas the amidolytic activity of protein C was normal and the protein C antigen level was elevated. In the patients with established kidney function, protein C coagulant activity was higher than in patients with impaired graft function. Furthermore, it seems that the protein C coagulant activity was closely related to changes in graft function in the 11 patients with graft rejection episodes. The low protein C coagulant activity following renal transplantation could be a contributing factor to thromboembolic complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipids, haemostasis, neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). There is some evidence that polyunsaturated fatty acids of the marine n-3 type (n-3 PUFA's) may offer protection against CAD. We have studied the effect of short-term dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs on lipids, haemostasis, neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in 10 patients with IDDM. The patients were given 4 g daily of n-3 PUFAs (fish oil) for 6 weeks and were investigated before and after the supplement. No significant effects on platelets or haemostasis were observed. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol significantly increased, and triglycerides and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol significantly decreased. Monocyte chemotaxis was unaltered, while neutrophil chemotaxis significantly increased after fish oil. The finding of an improvement in neutrophil chemotaxis after supplementation with n-3 PUFAs to patients with IDDM needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Further investigations of the defective protein C in hemodialysis, hemofiltration and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Protein C activity was determined in patients with terminal renal failure treated in three different ways: hemodialysis (n = 20), hemofiltration (n = 7) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (n = 7). The protein C activity was decreased in terminal uremia, independent of the kidney replacement therapy employed, compared with 21 normal controls. In the hemodialysis patients protein C activity increased significantly during a hemodialysis treatment, whereas hemofiltration treatment normalized the depressed protein C activity. In vitro experiments with dialysis and with inhibition of normal plasma with ultrafiltrates could not reveal the presence of an inhibitor of protein C in uremic plasma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Antithrombin III and protein C in stable angina pectoris--influence of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The effect on plasma antithrombin III (AT III) and protein C on a supplement with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) was investigated in a double-blind study in 36 patients with stable angina pectoris. All participants were given a supplement to their normal diets of vegetable oil (4.8 g n-6 PUFA's) for 4 weeks and were then randomized to the same oil or to fish oil (4.8 g n-3 PUFA's) for 12 weeks. Both oil supplements resulted in a statistically significant decrease in AT III activity, but there were no differences between the two different types of PUFA's. Antithrombin III antigen, protein C antigen or activity did not change significantly after either oil supplement. The background and significance for the decrease in antithrombin III activity induced by n-3 and n-6 PUFA's in patients with ischaemic heart disease is unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Haemostatic aspects of renal transplantation.

Platelet function and protein C activity and antigen level was studied in 31 renal transplant recipients and 10 healthy controls. The patients were divided into three groups: (I) cyclosporin treated, (II) azathioprine treated, and (III) azathioprine treated patients with chronic rejection. The platelet function in the renal transplant patients was normal and there was no difference between groups I and II. The specific activity of protein C was decreased in patients after renal transplantation and decreasing protein C activity and progressive renal failure was found to be positively correlated in the azathioprine treated groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Protein C in acute renal failure.

In 16 patients with acute renal failure we studied protein C activity, both coagulant and amidolytic, as well as protein C antigen level. Protein C coagulant activity was markedly decreased in acute renal failure. Furthermore, changes in kidney function were paralleled by alterations in protein C coagulant activity. The amidolytic activity and antigen level of protein C were normal in most cases, and the changes observed in a few patients seem clearly related to changes in liver function. This defective protein C could contribute to the thrombotic tendency reported in patients with acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

Defective protein C in uraemia.

Protein C activity and antigen levels were determined in 10 haemodialysis patients and 10 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Markedly decreased protein C activity was found whereas protein C antigen level was normal in uraemics. This finding, together with our recent observation that plasma protein C activity is partly normalised during haemodialysis, lead us to suggest the presence of one or more inhibitors of protein C activity in plasma from patients with uraemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Protein C activity in renal disease.

Protein C activity was determined in 19 healthy controls and in 52 patients with renal diseases, clinically divided into three groups I) Nephrotic syndrome, II) Renal insufficiency, III) Terminal uremia, requiring maintenance dialysis. In the nephrotic syndrome protein C levels were found to be normal, but in renal insufficiency and terminal uremia the protein C activity was significantly decreased. A correlation between decreasing protein C and progressive renal failure is suggested. The reduced protein C activity may play an important role in the thrombotic tendency seen in renal diseases and uremia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Proximal glomerulo-tubular balance in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

To evaluate the glomerulo-tubular balance of sodium and water in the proximal tubules of diabetic patients with elevated glomerular filtration rate, the renal plasma clearance of lithium and the glomerular filtration rate (51Cr-EDTA plasma clearance) were determined simultaneously in 11 ambulatory Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (aged 25-35 years) with no evidence of diabetic nephropathy and in 10 age-matched healthy subjects. The renal plasma clearance of lithium, which is a measure of flow from the proximal tubule into the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle, did not differ between diabetic and control subjects (28.9 +/- 4.0 versus 28.3 +/- 5.1 ml/min per 1.73 m2 surface area, mean +/- SD), whereas the glomerular filtration rate in the diabetic patients was significantly higher than in the control subjects (136 +/- 10.2 versus 108 +/- 13.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2, p less than 0.001). The same held true for the fractional reabsorption rate in the proximal tubules (78.7 +/- 3.2 versus 73.6 +/- 4.9%, p less than 0.02). The results indicate that the elevation of the glomerular filtration rate in diabetic patients is associated with a parallel increase in the proximal reabsorption rate. This type of glomerulo-tubular balance implies that the flow of water and flux of sodium to the segments distal to the proximal tubule are kept constant during variations in the glomerular filtration rate.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Prediction of spleen size by routine radioisotope scintigraphy.

Technetium-99m scintigraphy of the spleen was performed in 32 patients with various haematologic disorders prior to splenectomy. From the gamma camera image of the spleen, the weight of the spleen was estimated using two different mathematical formulas, and the results obtained were compared to the postoperative spleen weight. Both formulas revealed spleen weights showing highly significant correlations to the postoperative spleen weight and with similar standard deviations. Visual evaluation of the scintigram by an experienced examiner with classification of the spleens into four groups according to spleen weight revealed results as good as the mathematical calculations in predicting the postoperative spleen weight, both techniques giving diagnostic specificities of 0.70-0.80 for all groups and diagnostic sensitivities of 0.80-1.00. Physical examination of the abdomen showed that about 50% of the spleens weighing between 250 and 1,000 g were not palpable. Therefore, it is concluded that physical examination of the abdomen alone is unreliable. Radioisotope scintigraphy of the spleen is recommended, this method being fast, with negligible discomfort to the patient, and with sufficient accuracy for daily clinical work.

Adult↗